آیا به این نتیجه رسیدید که اصل DRY  را نقض کرده‌ایم؟ بله همین طور است. تکرار کلاس‌های css مربوط به بوت استرپ، تکرار هلپرهای توکار ASP.NET MVC بارها و بارها، خوانایی کد را پایین میارود و در برخی موارد هم خسته کننده خواهد بود. اگر با مباحث مربوط به EditorTemplate‌ها قبلا آشنا شده باشید، خیلی سریع عنوان خواهید کرد که بهتر است از این امکان بهره برد؛ بله درست است. برای این منظور در مسیر Views/Shared/EditorTemplates، فایل cshtml. همنام با نوع داده مد نظر را ایجاد میکنیم.

String.cshtml

@model string
    @Html.TextBox("",ViewData.TemplateInfo.FormattedModelValue,
    new { @class="form-control",placeholder=ViewData.ModelMetadata.Watermark})

Enum.cshtml

@model Enum
@Html.EnumDropDownListFor(m => Model, new { @class = "form-control" })

حال دوباره به نتیجه حاصل از تغییرات اعمال شده توجه کنید:

این نتیجه امیدوار کننده است ولی  بازهم یکسری از کدها بی دلیل تکرار شده‌اند. هلپرهای زیر نیز میتوانند در کاهش کدها به کمک ما برسند :

public static class BootstrapHelpers
    {
        public static IHtmlString BootstrapLabelFor<TModel,TProp>(
            this HtmlHelper<TModel> helper,
            Expression<Func<TModel,TProp>> property)
        {
            return helper.LabelFor(property, new
            {
                @class = "col-md-2 control-label"
            });
        }
        public static IHtmlString BootstrapLabel(
            this HtmlHelper helper,
            string propertyName)
        {
            return helper.Label(propertyName, new
            {
                @class = "col-md-2 control-label"
            });
        }
    }

از کلاس بالا برای عدم تکرار کلاس‌های بوت استرپ مربوط به Label، استفاده میشود .

حال دوباره نتیجه را مشاهده کنید:

خیلی عالی؛ توانستیم از تکرار یکسری از کلاس‌های بوت استرپ خلاص شویم. اما در ادامه با استفاده از یک Object Template به عنوان EditorTemplate برای نوع داده‌های Complex، کار را تمام خواهیم کرد.

 EditorTemplate‌های تعریف شده در بالا، صرفا برای نوع داده‌های خاصی مورد استفاده قرار خواهند گرفت؛ ولی پیاده سازی یک EditorTemplate جنریک که حتی از ویومدل‌های موجود در پروژه نیز پشتیابی کند، به شکل زیر خواهد بود.

Object.cshtml

@model dynamic

@foreach (var prop in ViewData.ModelMetadata.Properties
                            .Where(p => p.ShowForEdit))
{
    if (prop.TemplateHint == "HiddenInput")
    {
        @Html.Hidden(prop.PropertyName)
    }
    else
    {
        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.BootstrapLabel(prop.PropertyName)
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.Editor(prop.PropertyName)
                @Html.ValidationMessage(prop.PropertyName)
            </div>
        </div>
    }
}

با استفاده از ViewData.ModelMetadata میتوان به خصوصیات مدل مربوط به ویو دسترسی پیدا کرد که در بالا با استفاده از همین خصوصیت به تمام پراپرتی‌های مدل دسترسی پیدا کرده و مقداری کد تکراری باقی مانده را هم در اینجا کپسوله کردیم.

حال کافی است به شکل زیر عمل کنیم:

$.ajax({  
           type: "POST",  
            url: "/Home/EmployeeInfo",  
...

@Url.Action("EmployeeInfo", "Home")

@Url.Action("About", "Home", null, "http")

var url = this.Url.Action(actionName: "Index",
                                  controllerName: "Post",
                                  protocol: "http",
                                  routeValues: new { id = item.Id });

public static class Extensions  
    {  
        public static string MyLink(this HtmlHelper html, ...)  
        {  
            string url = UrlHelper.GenerateUrl(null, "actionName", "controllerName",
                                                null,
                                                html.RouteCollection,
                                                html.ViewContext.RequestContext,
                                                includeImplicitMvcValues: true);
//...

   [DataContract]
    public class Book 
    {
        [DataMember]
        public int Code { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        public string Name { get; set; }             
    }

  [ServiceContract]
    public interface ISampleService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        IEnumerable<Book> GetAll();

        [OperationContract]
        void Save( Book book );
    }

public class SampleService : ISampleService
    {
        public List<Book> ListOfBook 
        {
            get; 
            private set; 
        }

        public SampleService()
        {
            ListOfBook = new List<Book>();
        }
        public IEnumerable<Book> GetAll()
        {
            ListOfBook.AddRange( new Book[] 
            {
                new Book(){Code=1 , Name="Book1"},
                new Book(){Code=2 , Name="Book2"},
            } );
            return ListOfBook;
        }

        public void Save( Book book )
        {
            ListOfBook.Add( book );
        }
    }

 [DataContract]
    public class Book 
    {
        [DataMember]
        public int Code { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        public string Author { get; set; }
    }

[DataMember( IsRequired = true )]
public string Author { get; set; }

  [DataContract]
    public class Book
    {
        [DataMember]
        public int Code { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [DataMember( IsRequired = true )]
        public string Author { get; set; }

        [OnDeserializing]
        private void OnDeserializing( StreamingContext context )
        {
            if ( string.IsNullOrEmpty( Author ) )
            {
                Author = "Masoud Pakdel";
            }
        }
    }

[DataContract]
    public class Book : IExtensibleDataObject
    {
        [DataMember]
        public int Code { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        public string Author { get; set; }
    
        public virtual ExtensionDataObject ExtensionData
        {
            get { return _extensionData; }
            set
            {
                _extensionData = value;
            }
        }
        private ExtensionDataObject _extensionData;
    }

public IEnumerable<Book> GetAll()
        {
            ListOfBook.AddRange( new Book[] 
            {
                new Book(){Code=1 , Name="Book1", Author="Masoud Pakdel"},
                new Book(){Code=2 , Name="Book2" },
            } );
            return ListOfBook;
        }

 [ServiceBehavior( IgnoreExtensionDataObject = true )]
  public class SampleService : ISampleService

{ 
  "author": "VahidN <https://www.dntips.ir/>", 
  "classifications": [ "MVC", ".NET Core", "ASP.NET Core" ],  
  "name": "Empty DNT.Identity project", 
  "identity": "DNT.Identity", 
  "shortName": "dntidentity", 
  "tags": { 
    "language": "C#" 
  }, 
  "sourceName": "ASPNETCoreIdentitySample" 
}

 dotnet new -i %~dp0

 dotnet new --list

Templates                                         Short Name       Language          Tags                      
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Console Application                               console          [C#], F#, VB      Common/Console            
Class library                                     classlib         [C#], F#, VB      Common/Library            
Empty DNT.Identity project                        dntidentity      [C#]              MVC/.NET Core/ASP.NET Core

 dotnet new dntidentity -n MyNewProj

    public enum Rainbow
    {
        Red,
        Orange,
        Yellow,
        Green,
        Blue,
        Indigo,
        Violet
    }

    class RGBColor
    {
        internal byte Red { get; }
        internal byte Green { get; }
        internal byte Blue { get; }

        internal RGBColor(byte red, byte green, byte blue)
        {
            Red = red;
            Green = green;
            Blue = blue;
        }

        public override string ToString() => $"rgb({Red}, {Green}, {Blue})";
    }

        internal static RGBColor FromRainbow(Rainbow rainbowBolor)
        {
            switch (rainbowBolor)
            {
                case Rainbow.Red:
                    return new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Orange:
                    return new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x7F, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Yellow:
                    return new RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Green:
                    return new RGBColor(0x00, 0xFF, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Blue:
                    return new RGBColor(0x00, 0x00, 0xFF);
                case Rainbow.Indigo:
                    return new RGBColor(0x4B, 0x00, 0x82);
                case Rainbow.Violet:
                    return new RGBColor(0x94, 0x00, 0xD3);
                default:
                    throw new ArgumentException(message: "invalid enum value", paramName: nameof(rainbowBolor));
            };
        }

        internal static RGBColor TasteTheRainbow(Rainbow rainbowColor) =>
            rainbowColor switch
        {
            Rainbow.Red => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Orange => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x7F, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Yellow => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Green => new RGBColor(0x00, 0xFF, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Blue => new RGBColor(0x00, 0x00, 0xFF),
            Rainbow.Indigo => new RGBColor(0x4B, 0x00, 0x82),
            Rainbow.Violet => new RGBColor(0x94, 0x00, 0xD3),
            _ => throw new ArgumentException(message: "invalid enum value", paramName: nameof(rainbowColor)),
        };

var operation = "+";
int a = 1, b = 2;
var result = operation switch
{
   "+" => a + b,
   "-" => a - b,
   "/" => a / b,
     _ => throw new NotSupportedException()
};

    class Address
    {
        public string AddressLine1 { get; set; }
        public string AddressLine2 { get; set; }
        public string City { get; set; }
        public string State { get; set; }
        public string PostalCode { get; set; }
        public string CountryRegion { get; set; }
    }

    static class PropertyPatterns
    {
        internal static decimal ComputeSalesTax(
            Address location,
            decimal salePrice) =>
            location switch
        {
            { State: "Fars" } => salePrice * 0.06m,
            { State: "Tehran", City: "Tehran" } => salePrice * 0.056m,

            // Other cases removed for brevity...
            _ => 0M
        };
    }

    static class TuplePatterns
    {
        internal static string RockPaperScissors(
            string first,
            string second)
            => (first, second) switch
        {
            ("rock", "paper") => "Rock is covered by Paper. Paper wins!",
            ("rock", "scissors") => "Rock breaks Scissors. Rock wins!",
            ("paper", "rock") => "Paper covers Rock. Paper wins!",
            ("paper", "scissors") => "Paper is cut by Scissors. Scissors wins!",
            ("scissors", "rock") => "Scissors is broken by Rock. Rock wins!",
            ("scissors", "paper") => "Scissors cuts Paper. Scissors wins!",
            (_, _) => "tie"
        };
    }

    class Shape
    {
        protected internal double Height { get; }
        protected internal double Length { get; }

        protected Shape(double height = 0, double length = 0)
        {
            Height = height;
            Length = length;
        }
    }

    class Circle : Shape
    {
        internal double Radius => Height / 2;
        internal double Diameter => Radius * 2;
        internal double Circumference => 2 * Math.PI * Radius;

        internal Circle(double height = 10, double length = 10)
            : base(height, length) { }
    }

    class Rectangle : Shape
    {
        internal bool IsSquare => Height == Length;

        internal Rectangle(double height = 10, double length = 10)
            : base(height, length) { }
    }

    static class ObjectPatterns
    {
        internal static string ShapeDetails(this Shape shape)
            => shape switch
        {
            Circle c => $"circle with (C): {c.Circumference}",
            Rectangle s when s.IsSquare => $"L:{s.Length} H:{s.Height}, square",
            Rectangle r => $"L:{r.Length} H:{r.Height}, rectangle",
            _ => "Unknown shape!" // Discard
        };
    }

    class Point
    {
        public int X { get; }

        public int Y { get; }

        public Point(int x, int y) => (X, Y) = (x, y);

        public void Deconstruct(out int x, out int y) => (x, y) = (X, Y);
    }

    enum Quadrant
    {
        Unknown,
        Origin,
        One,
        Two,
        Three,
        Four,
        OnBorder
    }

    static class PositionalPatterns
    {
        internal static Quadrant AsQuadrant(Point point) => point switch
        {
            (0, 0) => Quadrant.Origin,
            var (x, y) when x > 0 && y > 0 => Quadrant.One,
            var (x, y) when x < 0 && y > 0 => Quadrant.Two,
            var (x, y) when x < 0 && y < 0 => Quadrant.Three,
            var (x, y) when x > 0 && y < 0 => Quadrant.Four,
            (_, _) => Quadrant.OnBorder, // Either are 0, but not both
            _ => Quadrant.Unknown
        };
    }

<div id="blazor-error-ui">
    An unhandled error has occurred.
    <a href="" class="reload">Reload</a>
    <a class="dismiss">🗙</a>
</div>

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Client.Logging
{
    public class ClientLoggerProvider : ILoggerProvider
    {
        private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
        private readonly WebApiLoggerOptions _options;
        private readonly NavigationManager _navigationManager;

        public ClientLoggerProvider(
                IServiceProvider serviceProvider,
                IOptions<WebApiLoggerOptions> options,
                NavigationManager navigationManager)
        {
            if (serviceProvider is null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(serviceProvider));
            }

            if (options is null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options));
            }

            _httpClient = serviceProvider.CreateScope().ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<HttpClient>();
            _options = options.Value;
            _navigationManager = navigationManager ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(navigationManager));
        }

        public ILogger CreateLogger(string categoryName)
        {
            return new WebApiLogger(_httpClient, _options, _navigationManager);
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
        }
    }
}

using System;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Client.Logging
{
    public static class ClientLoggerProviderExtensions
    {
        public static ILoggingBuilder AddWebApiLogger(this ILoggingBuilder builder)
        {
            if (builder == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(builder));
            }

            builder.Services.AddSingleton<ILoggerProvider, ClientLoggerProvider>();
            return builder;
        }
    }
}

public ClientLoggerProvider(
                IServiceProvider serviceProvider,
                IOptions<WebApiLoggerOptions> options,
                NavigationManager navigationManager)

public ILogger CreateLogger(string categoryName)
{
   return new WebApiLogger(_httpClient, _options, _navigationManager);
}

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Json;
using BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Shared;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Client.Logging
{
    public class WebApiLogger : ILogger
    {
        private readonly WebApiLoggerOptions _options;
        private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
        private readonly NavigationManager _navigationManager;

        public WebApiLogger(HttpClient httpClient, WebApiLoggerOptions options, NavigationManager navigationManager)
        {
            _httpClient = httpClient ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(httpClient));
            _options = options ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options));
            _navigationManager = navigationManager ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(navigationManager));
        }

        public IDisposable BeginScope<TState>(TState state) => default;

        public bool IsEnabled(LogLevel logLevel) => logLevel >= _options.LogLevel;

        public void Log<TState>(
            LogLevel logLevel,
            EventId eventId,
            TState state,
            Exception exception,
            Func<TState, Exception, string> formatter)
        {
            if (!IsEnabled(logLevel))
            {
                return;
            }

            if (formatter is null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(formatter));
            }

            try
            {
                ClientLog log = new()
                {
                    LogLevel = logLevel,
                    EventId = eventId,
                    Message = formatter(state, exception),
                    Exception = exception?.Message,
                    StackTrace = exception?.StackTrace,
                    Url = _navigationManager.Uri
                };
                _httpClient.PostAsJsonAsync(_options.LoggerEndpointUrl, log);
            }
            catch
            {
                // don't throw exceptions from the logger
            }
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Client.Logging
{
    public class WebApiLoggerOptions
    {
        public string LoggerEndpointUrl { set; get; }

        public LogLevel LogLevel { get; set; } = LogLevel.Information;
    }
}

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "WebApiLogger": {
    "LogLevel": "Warning",
    "LoggerEndpointUrl": "/api/logs"
  }
}

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Client
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            var builder = WebAssemblyHostBuilder.CreateDefault(args);
            builder.RootComponents.Add<App>("#app");

            builder.Services.Configure<WebApiLoggerOptions>(options => builder.Configuration.GetSection("WebApiLogger").Bind(options));
            // …
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Shared
{
    public class ClientLog
    {
        public LogLevel LogLevel { get; set; }

        public EventId EventId { get; set; }

        public string Message { get; set; }

        public string Exception { get; set; }

        public string StackTrace { get; set; }

        public string Url { get; set; }
    }
}

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Client
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            var builder = WebAssemblyHostBuilder.CreateDefault(args);
            builder.RootComponents.Add<App>("#app");

            builder.Services.AddScoped(sp => new HttpClient { BaseAddress = new Uri(builder.HostEnvironment.BaseAddress) });

            builder.Services.Configure<WebApiLoggerOptions>(options => builder.Configuration.GetSection("WebApiLogger").Bind(options));
            builder.Services.AddLogging(configure =>
            {
                configure.AddWebApiLogger();
            });

            await builder.Build().RunAsync();
        }
    }
}

public bool IsEnabled(LogLevel logLevel) => logLevel >= _options.LogLevel;

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Shared;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using Telegram.Bot;
using Telegram.Bot.Types.Enums;

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Server.Services
{
    public class TelegramLoggingBotOptions
    {
        public string AccessToken { get; set; }
        public string ChatId { get; set; }
    }

    public interface ITelegramBotService
    {
        Task SendLogAsync(ClientLog log);
    }

    public class TelegramBotService : ITelegramBotService
    {
        private readonly string _chatId;
        private readonly TelegramBotClient _client;

        public TelegramBotService(IOptions<TelegramLoggingBotOptions> options)
        {
            _chatId = options.Value.ChatId;
            _client = new TelegramBotClient(options.Value.AccessToken);
        }

        public async Task SendLogAsync(ClientLog log)
        {
            var text = formatMessage(log);
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(text))
            {
                return;
            }

            await _client.SendTextMessageAsync(_chatId, text, ParseMode.Markdown);
        }

        private static string formatMessage(ClientLog log)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(log.Message))
            {
                return string.Empty;
            }

            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append(toEmoji(log.LogLevel))
                .Append(" *")
                .AppendFormat("{0:hh:mm:ss}", DateTime.Now)
                .Append("* ")
                .AppendLine(log.Message);

            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(log.Exception))
            {
                sb.AppendLine()
                    .Append('`')
                    .AppendLine(log.Exception)
                    .AppendLine(log.StackTrace)
                    .AppendLine("`")
                    .AppendLine();
            }

            sb.Append("*Url:* ").AppendLine(log.Url);
            return sb.ToString();
        }

        private static string toEmoji(LogLevel level) =>
            level switch
            {
                LogLevel.Trace => "⬜️",
                LogLevel.Debug => "🟦",
                LogLevel.Information => "⬛️️️",
                LogLevel.Warning => "🟧",
                LogLevel.Error => "🟥",
                LogLevel.Critical => "❌",
                LogLevel.None => "🔳",
                _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(level), level, null)
            };
    }
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Telegram.Bot" Version="15.7.1" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

    public class TelegramLoggingBotOptions
    {
        public string AccessToken { get; set; }
        public string ChatId { get; set; }
    }

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  "TelegramLoggingBot": {
    "AccessToken": "1826…",
    "ChatId": "-1001…" 
  }
}

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Server
{
    public class Startup
    {
        // ...

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.Configure<TelegramLoggingBotOptions>(options =>
                            Configuration.GetSection("TelegramLoggingBot").Bind(options));
            services.AddSingleton<ITelegramBotService, TelegramBotService>();

            // ...
        }

        // ...
    }
}

    public class TelegramBotService : ITelegramBotService
    {
        private readonly string _chatId;
        private readonly TelegramBotClient _client;

        public TelegramBotService(IOptions<TelegramLoggingBotOptions> options)
        {
            _chatId = options.Value.ChatId;
            _client = new TelegramBotClient(options.Value.AccessToken);
        }

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Server.Services;
using BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Shared;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace BlazorWasmTelegramLogger.Server.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class LogsController : ControllerBase
    {
        private readonly ILogger<LogsController> _logger;
        private readonly ITelegramBotService _telegramBotService;

        public LogsController(ILogger<LogsController> logger, ITelegramBotService telegramBotService)
        {
            _logger = logger ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(logger));
            _telegramBotService = telegramBotService;
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<IActionResult> PostLog(ClientLog log)
        {
            // TODO: Save the client's `log` in the database

            _logger.Log(log.LogLevel, log.EventId, log.Url + Environment.NewLine + log.Message);

            await _telegramBotService.SendLogAsync(log);

            return Ok();
        }
    }
}

@page "/counter"

<h1>Counter</h1>

<p>Current count: @currentCount</p>

<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="IncrementCount">Click me</button>

@code {
    private int currentCount = 0;

    private void IncrementCount()
    {
        currentCount++;

        throw new InvalidOperationException("This is an exception message from the client!");
    }
}