public enum PersonType
{
    Real =0,
    Legal=1
}

public class Person
{
    public long PersonId { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Family { get; set; }
    public PersonType PersonType { get; set; }

    public Person(long personId, string name, string family, PersonType personType)
    {
        PersonId = personId;
        Name = name;
        Family = family;
        PersonType = personType;
    }
}

public class PersonDto
{
    public long PersonId { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Family { get; set; }
    public PersonType PersonType { get; set; }

    public PersonDto(long personId, string name, string family, PersonType personType)
    {
        PersonId = personId;
        Name = name;
        Family = family;
        PersonType = personType;
    }
}

public class PersonList
{
    readonly List<Person> _list = new List<Person>();
    public ReadOnlyCollection<Person> GetPersons()
    {
        if (!_list.Any())
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 100*1000; i++)
            {
                _list.Add(new Person(i + 1, "Person Name" + i, "Person Family" + i, (PersonType)(i % 2)));
            }

        }
        return _list.AsReadOnly();
    }
}

for (int i = 0; i < 100*1000; i++)
{
    _list.Add(new Person(i + 1, "Person Name" + i, "Person Family" + i, (PersonType)(i % 2)));
}

<package id="AutoMapper" version="5.1.1" targetFramework="net452" />

[TestMethod]
public void FillPersonDtoList_AutoMapperShouldMapPersonListToPersonDtoList_WhenLargeAmountOfPerson()
{
    // arrange
    var personDtoList = new List<PersonDto>(); persons = new PersonList().GetPersons();

    // act
    personDtoList = Mapper.Map<List<PersonDto>>(persons);

    //assert
    Assert.AreEqual(persons.Count, personDtoList.Count);
}
[TestMethod]
public void FillPersonDtoList_UsingHandlyAssignment_WhenLargeAmountOfPerson()
{
    // arrange
    var personDtoList = new List<PersonDto>(); persons = new PersonList().GetPersons();

    // act
    foreach (var person in persons)
    {
        personDtoList.Add(new PersonDto(person.PersonId, person.Name, person.Family, person.PersonType));
    }

    //assert
    Assert.AreEqual(persons.Count, personDtoList.Count);
}

public class Student
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
 
    [Required]
    [StringLength(450)]
    public string LastName { get; set; }
 
    [Required]
    [StringLength(450)]
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
 
    [NotMapped]
    public string FullName
    {
        get
        {
            return LastName + ", " + FirstName;
        }
    }
}

 var fullNames = context.Students.Select(x => x.FullName).ToList();

 var fullNames = context.Students.Select(x => x.FullName).Decompile().ToList();

SELECT
           [Extent1].[LastName] + N', ' + [Extent1].[FirstName] AS [C1]
FROM [dbo].[Students] AS [Extent1]

[NotMapped]
[Computed]
public string FullName

public class StudentViewModel
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string FullName { get; set; }
}

 var students = context.Students.Project().To<StudentViewModel>().ToList();

var students = context.Students
    .Project()
    .To<StudentViewModel>()
    .Decompile()
    .ToList();

SELECT
    [Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
    [Extent1].[LastName] + N', ' + [Extent1].[FirstName] AS [C1]
FROM [dbo].[Students] AS [Extent1]

public abstract class Product
{
  public string Name { get; set; }
  public abstract ProductOrder Order(int quantity);
}

public class Book : Product
{
  public string ISBN { get; set; }
  public override ProductOrder Order(int quantity) =>
new BookOrder { Quantity = quantity, Product = this };
}

public class ProductOrder
{
  public int Quantity { get; set; }
}

public class BookOrder : ProductOrder
{
  public Book Product { get; set; }
}

var book = new Book
{
  Name = "My book",
  ISBN = "11-1-12-22-0"
};
BookOrder orderBook = (BookOrder)book.Order(1);

public class Book : Product
{
  public string ISBN { get; set; }
  public override BookOrder Order(int quantity) =>
      new BookOrder { Quantity = quantity, Product = this };
}

BookOrder orderBook = book.Order(1);

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
 
namespace IdentityHash
{
    public static class PBKDF2
    {
        public static byte[] GenerateSalt()
        {
            using (var randomNumberGenerator = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider())
            {
                var randomNumber = new byte[32];
                randomNumberGenerator.GetBytes(randomNumber);
                return randomNumber;
            }
        }
 
        public static byte[] HashPassword(byte[] toBeHashed, byte[] salt, int numberOfRounds)
        {
            using (var rfc2898 = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(toBeHashed, salt, numberOfRounds))
            {
                return rfc2898.GetBytes(32);
 
            }
        }
    }
 
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var passwordToHash = "VeryComplexPassword";
            hashPassword(passwordToHash, 50000);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
 
        private static void hashPassword(string passwordToHash, int numberOfRounds)
        {
            var sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            var hashedPassword = PBKDF2.HashPassword(
                                        Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(passwordToHash),
                                        PBKDF2.GenerateSalt(),
                                        numberOfRounds);
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Password to hash : {0}", passwordToHash);
            Console.WriteLine("Hashed Password : {0}", Convert.ToBase64String(hashedPassword));
            Console.WriteLine("Iterations <{0}> Elapsed Time : {1}ms", numberOfRounds, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
        }
    }
}

 /* =======================
* HASHED PASSWORD FORMATS
* =======================
*
* Version 2:
* PBKDF2 with HMAC-SHA1, 128-bit salt, 256-bit subkey, 1000 iterations.
* (See also: SDL crypto guidelines v5.1, Part III)
* Format: { 0x00, salt, subkey }
*
* Version 3:
* PBKDF2 with HMAC-SHA256, 128-bit salt, 256-bit subkey, 10000 iterations.
* Format: { 0x01, prf (UInt32), iter count (UInt32), salt length (UInt32), salt, subkey }
* (All UInt32s are stored big-endian.)
*/

 [PageAuthorization(AuthorizationType.ApplyRequiredRoles, "IsAdmin, CanAddNewUser")]

    /// <summary>
    /// وضعیت اعتبار سنجی صفحه را مشخص می‌کند
    /// </summary>
    public enum AuthorizationType
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// همه می‌توانند بدون اعتبار سنجی، دسترسی به این صفحات داشته باشند
        /// </summary>
        AllowAnonymous,

        /// <summary>
        /// کاربران وارد شده به سیستم بدون محدودیت به این صفحات دسترسی خواهند داشت
        /// </summary>
        FreeForAuthenticatedUsers,

        /// <summary>
        /// بر اساس نام نقش‌هایی که مشخص می‌شوند تصمیم گیری خواهد شد
        /// </summary>
        ApplyRequiredRoles
    }

 [ImplementPropertyChanged] // AOP
public class LoginPageModel : DataErrorInfoBase

<head>
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
    <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/TagIt/jquery-ui-1.8.23.custom.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/TagIt/tagit-simple-blue.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    <link href="@Url.Content("Content/Site.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Content/TagIt/jquery-ui-1.8.23.custom.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Content/TagIt/tagit.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    @RenderSection("JavaScript", required: false)
</head>

using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace jQueryMvcSample04.Models
{
    public class BlogPostViewModel
    {
        [DisplayName("عنوان"), Required(ErrorMessage = "*")]
        public string Title { set; get; }

        [DisplayName("متن"), Required(ErrorMessage = "*")]
        public string Body { set; get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// آرایه‌ای محدود از برچسب‌های این مطلب خاص به صورت جی‌سون که پیشتر ثبت شده است
        /// هدف استفاده در حین ویرایش مطلب
        /// </summary>
        public string InitialTags { set; get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// آرایه‌ای جی‌سونی از تمام برچسب‌های موجود در سیستم
        /// هدف نمایش منوی انتخاب برچسب‌ها از لیست
        /// </summary>
        public string TagsSource { set; get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// آرایه‌ای از برچسب‌های وارد شده توسط کاربر در حین ثبت مطلب
        /// </summary>
        [DisplayName("برچسب‌ها"), Required(ErrorMessage = "*")]
        public string[] Tags { set; get; }

        public int? Id { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Web.Mvc;
using jQueryMvcSample04.Extensions;
using jQueryMvcSample04.Models;

namespace jQueryMvcSample04.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult Index(int? id)
        {
            //در ابتدای کار تمام تگ‌های موجود در سیستم از بانک اطلاعاتی دریافت خواهند شد
            //از این تگ‌ها برای تشکیل منوی انتخاب برچسب‌ها استفاده می‌شود
            var tagsSource = new[] { "C#", "C++", "C", "ASP.NET", "MVC" }.ToJson();

            //همچنین صرفا برچسب‌های مطلب جاری که پیشتر ثبت شده‌اند نیز باید از بانک اطلاعاتی دریافت گردند
            //از این برچسب‌ها برای ویرایش یک مطلب موجود استفاده خواهد شد
            var init = new[] { "ASP.NET" }.ToJson();

            var model = new BlogPostViewModel
            {
                TagsSource = tagsSource,
                InitialTags = init,
                Id = id
            };
            return View(model);
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Index(BlogPostViewModel data)
        {
            if (this.ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                //todo: save data
                // ...
                return RedirectToAction(actionName: "index", controllerName: "home");
            }

            //در صورت بروز خطا مجددا اطلاعات موجود نمایش داده خواهند شد
            data.TagsSource = new[] { "C#", "C++", "C", "ASP.NET", "MVC" }.ToJson();
            data.InitialTags = data.Tags.ToJson();
            return View(data);
        }
    }
}

using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;

namespace jQueryMvcSample04.Extensions
{
    public static class JsonExt
    {
        public static string ToJson(this string[] initialTags)
        {            
            if (initialTags == null || !initialTags.Any())
                return "[]";
            else
                return new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(initialTags);
        }
    }
}

@model jQueryMvcSample04.Models.BlogPostViewModel
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    @Html.ValidationSummary(true)

    <fieldset>
        <legend>ثبت مطلب جدید</legend>
        @Html.HiddenFor(model => model.Id)
        <div class="editor-label">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Title)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-field">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Title)
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Title)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-label">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Body)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-field">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Body)
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Body)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-label">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Tags)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-field">
            <ul id="tagsList" dir="ltr" name="Tags">
            </ul>
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Tags)
        </div>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="Create" />
        </p>
    </fieldset>
}
@section JavaScript
{
    <script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function () {
            var tagsSource = @Html.Raw(Model.TagsSource);
            $('#tagsList').tagit({
                 tagSource: tagsSource, 
                 select: true, 
                 triggerKeys: ['enter', 'comma', 'tab'],
                 initialTags:  @Html.Raw(Model.InitialTags) 
              });
});
    </script>
}

    public static class LocalizationConfig
    {
        public static IMvcBuilder AddCustomLocalization(this IMvcBuilder mvcBuilder, IServiceCollection services)
        {
            mvcBuilder.AddDataAnnotationsLocalization(options =>
                    {
                        const string resourcesPath = "Resources";
                        string baseName = $"{resourcesPath}.{nameof(SharedResource)}";
                        var location = new AssemblyName(typeof(SharedResource).GetTypeInfo().Assembly.FullName).Name;

                        options.DataAnnotationLocalizerProvider = (type, factory) =>
                        {
                            // to use `SharedResource.fa.resx` file
                            return factory.Create(baseName, location);
                        };
                    });

            services.AddLocalization();
            services.AddScoped<IStringLocalizer>(provider =>
                            provider.GetRequiredService<IStringLocalizer<SharedResource>>());

            services.AddScoped<ISharedResourceService, SharedResourceService>();
            return mvcBuilder;
        }
    }

    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
            services.AddControllers().AddCustomLocalization(services);
        }

    public static class LocalizationConfig
    {
        public static IApplicationBuilder UseCustomRequestLocalization(this IApplicationBuilder app)
        {
            var requestLocalizationOptions = new RequestLocalizationOptions
            {
                DefaultRequestCulture = new RequestCulture(new CultureInfo("fa-IR")),
                SupportedCultures = new[]
                {
                    new CultureInfo("en-US"),
                    new CultureInfo("fa-IR")
                },
                SupportedUICultures = new[]
                {
                    new CultureInfo("en-US"),
                    new CultureInfo("fa-IR")
                }
            };
            app.UseRequestLocalization(requestLocalizationOptions);
            return app;
        }
    }

    public class Startup
    {
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();

            app.UseCustomRequestLocalization();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });
        }
    }

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace Core3xSharedResource.Models.Account
{
    public class RegisterModel
    {
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter an email address")] // -->> from the shared resources
        [EmailAddress(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a valid email address")] // -->> from the shared resources
        public string Email { get; set; }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<root>
  <data name="&lt;b&gt;Hello&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt; {0}&lt;/i&gt;" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>&lt;b&gt;سلام&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt; {0}&lt;/i&gt;</value>
  </data>
  <data name="About Title" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>درباره</value>
  </data>
  <data name="DNT" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>.NET Tips</value>
  </data>
  <data name="SiteName" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>DNT</value>
  </data>
  <data name="Please enter an email address" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>لطفا ایمیلی را وارد کنید</value>
  </data>
  <data name="Please enter a valid email address" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>لطفا ایمیل معتبری را وارد کنید</value>
  </data>
</root>

using Core3xSharedResource.Models.Account;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Localization;

namespace Core3xSharedResource.WebApi.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("[controller]")]
    public class NormalIStringLocalizerController : ControllerBase
    {
        private readonly IStringLocalizer _localizer;

        public NormalIStringLocalizerController(IStringLocalizer localizer)
        {
            _localizer = localizer;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult<string> Get()
        {
            var localizedString = _localizer["About Title"];
            if (localizedString.ResourceNotFound)
            {
                return NotFound($"The localization resource with ID:`{localizedString.Name}` not found. SearchedLocation: `{localizedString.SearchedLocation}`.");
            }
            return localizedString.Value;
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult<RegisterModel> Post(RegisterModel model)
        {
            return model;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Localization;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;

namespace Core3xSharedResource.Services
{
    public interface ISharedResourceService
    {
        string this[string index] { get; }

        IEnumerable<LocalizedString> GetAllStrings(bool includeParentCultures);
        string GetString(string name, params object[] arguments);
        string GetString(string name);
    }

    public class SharedResourceService : ISharedResourceService
    {
        private readonly IStringLocalizer _sharedLocalizer;
        private readonly ILogger<SharedResourceService> _logger;
        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;

        public SharedResourceService(
            IStringLocalizer sharedHtmlLocalizer,
            IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor,
            ILogger<SharedResourceService> logger
            )
        {
            _logger = logger ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(logger));
            _sharedLocalizer = sharedHtmlLocalizer ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sharedHtmlLocalizer));
            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(httpContextAccessor));
        }

        public IEnumerable<LocalizedString> GetAllStrings(bool includeParentCultures)
        {
            return _sharedLocalizer.GetAllStrings(includeParentCultures);
        }

        public string this[string index] => GetString(index);

        public string GetString(string name, params object[] arguments)
        {
            var result = _sharedLocalizer.GetString(name, arguments);
            logError(name, result);
            return result;
        }

        private void logError(string name, LocalizedString result)
        {
            if (result.ResourceNotFound)
            {
                var acceptLanguage = _httpContextAccessor?.HttpContext?.Request?.Headers["Accept-Language"];
                _logger.LogError($"The localization resource with Accept-Language:`{acceptLanguage}` & ID:`{name}` not found. SearchedLocation: `{result.SearchedLocation}`.");
            }
        }

        public string GetString(string name)
        {
            var result = _sharedLocalizer.GetString(name);
            logError(name, result);
            return result;
        }
    }
}

public class Source
{
    public string Value1 { get; set; }
    public string Value2 { get; set; }
    public string Value3 { get; set; }
}

public class Destination
{
    public int Value1 { get; set; }
    public DateTime Value2 { get; set; }
    public Type Value3 { get; set; }
}

public class BooltoStringTypeConvertor : ITypeConverter<bool, string>
    {
        public string Convert(ResolutionContext context)
        {
            return (bool)context.SourceValue ? "Yes" : "No";
        }
    }

Mapper.CreateMap<bool,string>().ConvertUsing<BooltoStringTypeConvertor>();
            Mapper.CreateMap<Product, ProductDto>();
            Mapper.AssertConfigurationIsValid();

var product = new Product { Id = 1,Name ="PC" ,InStock = true };
var productDto = Mapper.Map<Product, ProductDto>(product);

public class Person
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string FirstName { get; set; }

    public string LastName { get; set; }
}

public class PersonDTO
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string RawData { get; set; }
}

public class CommaDelimetedResolver:ValueResolver<Person,string>
    {
        protected override string ResolveCore(Person source)
        {
            return string.Join(",", source.Id, source.FirstName, source.LastName);
        }
    }

Mapper.CreateMap<Person, PersonDTO>().ForMember(
                des => des.RawData, op => op.ResolveUsing<CommaDelimetedResolver>());


var person = new Person
{
Id = 1,
FirstName = "Mohammad",
LastName = "Saheb",
};

var personDTO = Mapper.Map<Person, PersonDTO>(person);

public class ShamsiFormatter:IValueFormatter
    {
        public string FormatValue(ResolutionContext context)
        {
            return ToShamsi(context.SourceValue.ToString());
        }
    }

Mapper.CreateMap<Person, PersonDTO>().ForMember(
            des => des.ShamsiDate, op => op.AddFormatter<ShamsiFormatter>());