•  GraphQL نیازمند رفت و برگشت‌های کمتری به server، به منظور بازیابی داده‌ها برای template یا view است. همراه با REST ما مجبور هستیم که چندیدن endpoint مثلا  (... api/students, api/courses, api/instructors ) را برای گرفتن همه داده‌های که برای template یا view نیاز داریم ملاقات کنیم؛ ولی این شرایط در GraphQL برقرار نیست. با GraphQL ما تنها یک query را ایجاد می‌کنیم که چندین تابع (resolver) را در سمت سرور فراخوانی می‌کند و همه داده‌ها را از منابع مختلفی، در یک درخواست برگشت می‌دهد. 

  

• همراه با REST، همانطور که Application ما رشد می‌کند، تعداد endpoint‌ها هم زیاد می‌شوند که این نیازمند زمان بیشتری برای نگهداری می‌باشد. اما با GraphQL ما تنها یک endpoint  داریم؛ همین! 
• با استفاده از GraphQL، ما هرگز به مشکل گرفتن داده‌هایی کم یا زیاد از منبع روبرو نخواهیم شد. به این خاطر است که ما query‌ها را با فیلد‌هایی که چیز‌هایی را که نیاز داریم، نشان می‌دهند، تعریف می‌کنیم. در این صورت ما همیشه چیز‌هایی را که درخواست داده‌ایم، دریافت می‌کنیم.

query OwnersQuery {
  owners {
    name
    account {
      type
    }
  } 
}

{
  "data": {
    "owners": [
     {
      "name": "John Doe",
      "accounts": [
        {
          "type": "Cash"
        },
        {
          "type": "Savings"
        }
      ]
     }
    ]
  }
}

dotnet new api -n ASPCoreGraphQL

namespace ASPCoreGraphQL.Contracts
{
    public interface IOwnerRepository
    {
    }
}

namespace ASPCoreGraphQL.Contracts
{
    public interface IAccountRepository
    {
    }
}

public class Owner
{
    [Key]
    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Name is required")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Address { get; set; }
 
    public ICollection<Account> Accounts { get; set; }
}

public class Account
{
    [Key]
    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Type is required")]
    public TypeOfAccount Type { get; set; }
    public string Description { get; set; }
 
    [ForeignKey("OwnerId")]
    public Guid OwnerId { get; set; }
    public Owner Owner { get; set; }
}

public enum TypeOfAccount
{
    Cash,
    Savings,
    Expense,
    Income
}

    public class ApplicationContext : DbContext
    {
        public ApplicationContext(DbContextOptions options)
            : base(options)
        {
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {

        }

        public DbSet<Owner> Owners { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Account> Accounts { get; set; }
    }

public class OwnerRepository : IOwnerRepository
{
    private readonly ApplicationContext _context;
 
    public OwnerRepository(ApplicationContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
    }
}

public class AccountRepository : IAccountRepository
{
    private readonly ApplicationContext _context;
 
    public AccountRepository(ApplicationContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
    }
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddDbContext<ApplicationContext>(opt =>
         opt.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"))); 
 
    services.AddScoped<IOwnerRepository, OwnerRepository>();
    services.AddScoped<IAccountRepository, AccountRepository>();
 
    services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2)
        .AddJsonOptions(options => options.SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore);
}

dotnet add package GraphQL

dotnet add package GraphQL.Server.Transports.AspNetCore

dotnet add package GraphQL.Server.Ui.Playground

public class AppSchema : Schema
{
    public AppSchema(IDependencyResolver resolver)
        :base(resolver)
    {
 
    }
}

public class OwnerType : ObjectGraphType<Owner>
{
    public OwnerType()
    {
        Field(x => x.Id, type: typeof(IdGraphType)).Description("Id property from the owner object.");
        Field(x => x.Name).Description("Name property from the owner object.");
        Field(x => x.Address).Description("Address property from the owner object.");
    }
}

public interface IOwnerRepository
{
    IEnumerable<Owner> GetAll();
}


public class OwnerRepository : IOwnerRepository
{
    private readonly ApplicationContext _context;
 
    public OwnerRepository(ApplicationContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
    }
 
    public IEnumerable<Owner> GetAll() => _context.Owners.ToList();
}

public class AppQuery : ObjectGraphType
{
    public AppQuery(IOwnerRepository repository)
    {
        Field<ListGraphType<OwnerType>>(
           "owners",
           resolve: context => repository.GetAll()
       );
    }
}

public class AppSchema : Schema
{
    public AppSchema(IDependencyResolver resolver)
        :base(resolver)
    {
        Query = resolver.Resolve<AppQuery>();
    }
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    ...
 
    services.AddScoped<IDependencyResolver>(s => new FuncDependencyResolver(s.GetRequiredService));
    services.AddScoped<AppSchema>();
 
    services.AddGraphQL(o => { o.ExposeExceptions = false; })
        .AddGraphTypes(ServiceLifetime.Scoped);

   ...
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
   ...
    app.UseGraphQL<AppSchema>();
    app.UseGraphQLPlayground(options: new GraphQLPlaygroundOptions());
    app.UseMvc();
}

dotnet run

https://localhost:5001/ui/playground

export const Button = ({ onClick }: Props) => {
  return <button onClick={onClick}>Click Me</button>;
};

import React from "react";

type Props = {
  onClick: (e: React.MouseEvent) => void;
};

export const Button = ({ onClick }: Props) => {
  return <button onClick={onClick}>Click Me</button>;
};

<Button
  onClick={(e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    console.log(e);
  }}
/>

import React from "react";

type Props = {
  onClick: (e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => void;
};

export const Button = ({ onClick }: Props) => {
  return <button onClick={onClick}>Click Me</button>;
};

import React from "react";

type Props = {
  onClick: (e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => void;
  onChange?: (e: React.FormEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => void;
};

export const Button = ({ onClick, onChange }: Props) => {
  return (
    <>
      <input onChange={onChange} />
      <button onClick={onClick}>Click Me</button>
    </>
  );
};

{ 
  "dependencies": {
    "@types/react": "^16.9.35",
    "@types/react-dom": "^16.9.8",
  },

import React, { FormEvent } from "react";

type Props = {
  onChange?: (e: FormEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => void;
};

<Button
  onClick={(e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    console.log(e);
  }}
>
  Hello world!
</Button>

import React, { FormEvent } from "react";

type Props = {
  onClick: (e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => void;
  onChange?: (e: FormEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => void;
  children: string;
};

export const Button = ({ onClick, onChange, children }: Props) => {
  return (
    <>
      <input onChange={onChange} />
      <button onClick={onClick}>{children}</button>
    </>
  );
};

<Button
  onClick={(e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    console.log(e);
  }}
>
  <img src={logo} className="App-logo" alt="logo" />
</Button>

import React, { FormEvent } from "react";

type Props = {
  onClick: (e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => void;
  onChange?: (e: FormEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => void;
  // children: HTMLImageElement;
};

export const Button: React.FC<Props> = ({ onClick, onChange, children }) => {
  return (
    <>
      <input onChange={onChange} />
      <button onClick={onClick}>{children}</button>
    </>
  );
};

class ViewModelLocator
{
    static ViewModelLocator()
    {
        ServiceLocator.SetLocatorProvider(() => SimpleIoc.Default);
        if (ViewModelBase.IsInDesignModeStatic)
        {
            SimpleIoc.Default.Register<IDataService, Design.DesignDataService>();
        }
        else
        {
            SimpleIoc.Default.Register<IDataService, DataService>();
        }
        SimpleIoc.Default.Register<MainViewModel>();
        SimpleIoc.Default.Register<SecondViewModel>();
    }

    public MainViewModel Main
    {
        get
        {
            return ServiceLocator.Current.GetInstance<MainViewModel>();
        }
    }
}

SimpleIoc.Default.GetInstance<MainViewModel>(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());

SimpleIoc.Default.Register<IDataService, Design.DesignDataService>();

SimpleIoc.Default.Register<IDataService>(myObject);

SimpleIoc.Default.Register<MainViewModel>();

SimpleIoc.Default.GetInstance<IDataService>();

SimpleIoc.Default.GetInstance();

        if (ViewModelBase.IsInDesignModeStatic)
        {
            SimpleIoc.Default.Register<IDataService, Design.DesignDataService>();
        }
        else
        {
            SimpleIoc.Default.Register<IDataService, DataService>();
        }

 [ServiceContract]
    public interface ISampleService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        int Sum( int number1, int number2 );

        [OperationContract]
        float Sum( float number1, float number2 );
    }

   public class SampleService : ISampleService
    {
        public int Sum( int number1, int number2 )
        {
            return number1 + number1;
        }

        public float Sum( float number1, float number2 )
        {
            return number1 + number1;
        }
    }

[ServiceContract]
    public interface ISampleService
    {
        [OperationContract( Name = "SumByIntNumbers" )]
        int Sum( int number1, int number2 );

        [OperationContract( Name = "SumByFloatNumbers" )]
        float Sum( float number1, float number2 );
    }

Smart enums / Type-safe enums in .NET