public class Student
{
    [JsonPropertyName("id")]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    [JsonPropertyName("name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public class WeatherForecast
{
    [Required]
    public int TemperatureC { get; set; }

    [MinLength(50)]
    public string Summary { get; set; }
}

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class)]
public class CustomDoNothingAttribute: Attribute
{
    // Note the type parameter in the constructor
    public CustomDoNothingAttribute(Type t)
    {
        ParamType = t;
    }

    public Type ParamType { get; }
}

[CustomDoNothing(typeof(string))]
public class Student
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string Name { get; set; }
}

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class)]
public class CustomDoNothingAttribute<T> : Attribute
    where T : class
{
    public T ParamType { get; }
}

[CustomDoNothing<string>]
public class Student
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string Name { get; set; }
}

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class DecorateAttribute<T> : Attribute where T : class
{
    // ....
}

[Decorate<LoggerDecorator>]
[Decorate<TimerDecorator>]
public class SimpleWorker
{
    // ....
}

public class GenericAttribute<T> : Attribute { }

public class GenericType<T>
{
    [GenericAttribute<T>] // Not allowed! generic attributes must be fully constructed types.
    public string Method1() => default;

    [GenericAttribute<string>]
    public string Method2() => default;
}

UPDATE [dbo].[Blogs]
SET [Url] = @0
WHERE ([BlogId] = @1)
-- @0: 'http://sample.com/blogs/dogs' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: '1' (Type = Int32)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:41 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 19 ms with result: 1

UPDATE [dbo].[Blogs]
SET [Url] = @0
WHERE ([BlogId] = @1)
-- @0: 'http://sample.com/blogs/cats' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: '2' (Type = Int32)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:41 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 47 ms with result: 1

INSERT [dbo].[Blogs]([Name], [Url])
VALUES (@0, @1)
SELECT [BlogId]
FROM [dbo].[Blogs]
WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogId] = scope_identity()
-- @0: 'The Horse Blog' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: 'http://sample.com/blogs/horses' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:41 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 31 ms with result: SqlDataReader

INSERT [dbo].[Blogs]([Name], [Url])
VALUES (@0, @1)
SELECT [BlogId]
FROM [dbo].[Blogs]
WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogId] = scope_identity()
-- @0: 'The Snake Blog' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: 'http://sample.com/blogs/snakes' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:41 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 73 ms with result: SqlDataReader

INSERT [dbo].[Blogs]([Name], [Url])
VALUES (@0, @1)
SELECT [BlogId]
FROM [dbo].[Blogs]
WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogId] = scope_identity()
-- @0: 'The Fish Blog' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: 'http://sample.com/blogs/fish' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:41 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 49 ms with result: SqlDataReader

INSERT [dbo].[Blogs]([Name], [Url])
VALUES (@0, @1)
SELECT [BlogId]
FROM [dbo].[Blogs]
WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogId] = scope_identity()
-- @0: 'The Koala Blog' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: 'http://sample.com/blogs/koalas' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:41 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 49 ms with result: SqlDataReader

INSERT [dbo].[Blogs]([Name], [Url])
VALUES (@0, @1)
SELECT [BlogId]
FROM [dbo].[Blogs]
WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogId] = scope_identity()
-- @0: 'The Parrot Blog' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: 'http://sample.com/blogs/parrots' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:41 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 26 ms with result: SqlDataReader

INSERT [dbo].[Blogs]([Name], [Url])
VALUES (@0, @1)
SELECT [BlogId]
FROM [dbo].[Blogs]
WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogId] = scope_identity()
-- @0: 'The Kangaroo Blog' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: 'http://sample.com/blogs/kangaroos' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- Executing at 16/06/1396 02:31:42 ب.ظ +04:30
-- Completed in 38 ms with result: SqlDataReader

public abstract class Product
{
  public string Name { get; set; }
  public abstract ProductOrder Order(int quantity);
}

public class Book : Product
{
  public string ISBN { get; set; }
  public override ProductOrder Order(int quantity) =>
new BookOrder { Quantity = quantity, Product = this };
}

public class ProductOrder
{
  public int Quantity { get; set; }
}

public class BookOrder : ProductOrder
{
  public Book Product { get; set; }
}

var book = new Book
{
  Name = "My book",
  ISBN = "11-1-12-22-0"
};
BookOrder orderBook = (BookOrder)book.Order(1);

public class Book : Product
{
  public string ISBN { get; set; }
  public override BookOrder Order(int quantity) =>
      new BookOrder { Quantity = quantity, Product = this };
}

BookOrder orderBook = book.Order(1);

            string Name = "علی";
           string Desc = "منابع مورد نیاز";
           int Number = 10;
           string content =
           "<div dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right; font-family:Tahoma; font-size:9pt\">" +
           "با سلام<br />" +
           "احتراما آقای/خانم" +
           Name +
           "&nbsp;درخواست چاپ" +
           Desc +
           "&nbsp;دارای" +
           Number +
           "&nbsp;صفحه را داده‌اند. لطفا جهت تائید درخواست ایشان به برنامه مراجعه بفرمائید.<br />" +
           "<br />" +
           "با تشکر</div>";

• الف) امکان مشاهده شکل نهایی تا زمانیکه ایمیل مورد نظر را دریافت نکرده باشیم، وجود ندارد.
• ب) اعمال تغییرات جدید به این فرمت رشته‌ای مشکل است. همیشه استفاده از ابزارهای بصری برای بهبود کار کمک بزرگی هستند که در این حالت از آن‌ها محروم خواهیم شد.
• ج)اگر تغییر رسیده جدید، درخواست اضافه کردن لیست پرینت‌های قبلی این شخص بود چه باید کرد؟ آیا جدول مورد نظر را باید به صورت دستی ایجاد و باز هم به صورت یک رشته به این مجموعه اضافه کرد؟ در این حالت از کنترل‌های استانداردی مانند GridView و امثال آن محروم خواهیم شد.
• د) هر بار تغییر، نیاز به recompile برنامه دارد.

<%@ Control Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebUserControl1.ascx.cs"
   Inherits="testWebForms87.WebUserControl1" %>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right; font-family:Tahoma; font-size:9pt">
   با سلام<br />
   احتراما آقای/خانم
   <asp:Label ID="lblName" runat="server"></asp:Label>
   &nbsp;درخواست چاپ
   <asp:Label ID="lblDesc" runat="server"></asp:Label>
   &nbsp;دارای
   <asp:Label ID="lblNumber" runat="server"></asp:Label>
   &nbsp;صفحه را داده‌اند. لطفا جهت تائید درخواست ایشان به برنامه مراجعه بفرمائید.<br />
   <br />
   با تشکر</div>

        public string Name { get; set; }
       public int Number { get; set; }
       public string Desc { get; set; }

       protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
       {
           lblNumber.Text = Number.ToString();
           lblName.Text = Name;
           lblDesc.Text = Desc;
       }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;

      /// <summary>
      /// تبدیل یک یوزر کنترل به معادل اچ تی ام ال آن
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="path">مسیر یوزر کنترل</param>
      /// <param name="properties">لیست خواص به همراه مقادیر مورد نظر</param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"><c>NotImplementedException</c>.</exception>
       public static string RenderUserControl(string path,
             List<KeyValuePair<string,object>> properties)
       {
           Page pageHolder = new Page();

           UserControl viewControl =
              (UserControl)pageHolder.LoadControl(path);

           Type viewControlType = viewControl.GetType();

           foreach (var pair in properties)
           {
               PropertyInfo property =
                  viewControlType.GetProperty(pair.Key);
              
               if (property != null)
               {
                   property.SetValue(viewControl, pair.Value, null);
               }
               else
               {
                   throw new NotImplementedException(string.Format(
                      "UserControl: {0} does not have a public {1} property.",
                      path, pair.Key));
               }
           }

           pageHolder.Controls.Add(viewControl);
           StringWriter output = new StringWriter();
           HttpContext.Current.Server.Execute(pageHolder, output, false);
           return output.ToString();
       }

            List<KeyValuePair<string, object>> lst =
               new List<KeyValuePair<string, object>>
                     {
                         new KeyValuePair<string, object>("Name", "علی"),
                         new KeyValuePair<string, object>("Number", 10),
                         new KeyValuePair<string, object>("Desc", "منابع مورد نیاز")
                     };

           string content = CLoadUC.RenderUserControl("WebUserControl1.ascx", lst);

using System.IO;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MVC4Basic.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        const int AMonth = 30 * 86400;

        [OutputCache(Duration = AMonth, VaryByParam = "name")]
        public ActionResult GetImage(string name)
        {
            name = Path.GetFileName(name);
            var path = Server.MapPath(string.Format("~/app_data/images/{0}", name));
            var content = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(path);
            return File(content, "image/png", name);
        }
    }
}

 <img src="@Url.Action("GetImage","Home", new { name = "test.png"})"/>

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:200 OK

Response Headers
Cache-Control:public, max-age=2591916
Expires:Sat, 31 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT
Last-Modified:Thu, 01 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:304 Not Modified

Request Headers
If-Modified-Since:Thu, 01 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:200 OK (from cache)

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:200 OK

Request Headers
If-Modified-Since:Thu, 01 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MVC4Basic.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        const int AMonth = 30 * 86400;

        [OutputCache(Duration = AMonth, VaryByParam = "name")]
        public ActionResult GetImage(string name)
        {
            name = Path.GetFileName(name);
            var path = Server.MapPath(string.Format("~/app_data/images/{0}", name));

            var lastWriteTime = System.IO.File.GetLastWriteTime(path);
            this.Response.Cache.SetLastModified(lastWriteTime.ToUniversalTime());

            var header = this.Request.Headers["If-Modified-Since"];
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(header))
            {
                DateTime isModifiedSince;
                if (DateTime.TryParse(header, out isModifiedSince) && isModifiedSince > lastWriteTime)
                {
                    return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.NotModified);
                }
            }

            var content = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(path);
            return File(content, "image/png", name);
        }
    }
}

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:304 Not Modified

Request Headers
If-Modified-Since:Thu, 01 May 2014 13:43:32 GMT

    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public sealed class SetIfModifiedSinceAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public string Parameter { set; get; }
        public string BasePath { set; get; }

        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            var response = filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Response;
            var request = filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request;

            var path = getPath(filterContext);
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
            {
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.NotFound;
                filterContext.Result = new EmptyResult();
                return;
            }

            var lastWriteTime = File.GetLastWriteTime(path);
            response.Cache.SetLastModified(lastWriteTime.ToUniversalTime());

            var header = request.Headers["If-Modified-Since"];
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(header)) return;
            DateTime isModifiedSince;
            if (DateTime.TryParse(header, out isModifiedSince) && isModifiedSince > lastWriteTime)
            {
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.NotModified;
                response.SuppressContent = true;
                filterContext.Result = new EmptyResult();
            }
        }

        string getPath(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            if (!filterContext.ActionParameters.ContainsKey(Parameter)) return string.Empty;
            var name = filterContext.ActionParameters[Parameter] as string;
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name)) return string.Empty;

            var path = Path.GetFileName(name);
            path = filterContext.HttpContext.Server.MapPath(string.Format("{0}/{1}", BasePath, path));
            return !File.Exists(path) ? string.Empty : path;
        }
    }

        [SetIfModifiedSince(Parameter = "name", BasePath = "~/app_data/images/")]
        [OutputCache(Duration = AMonth, VaryByParam = "name")]
        public ActionResult GetImage(string name)
        {
            name = Path.GetFileName(name);
            var path = Server.MapPath(string.Format("~/app_data/images/{0}", name));
            var content = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(path);
            return File(content, "image/png", name);
        }

{"param1":"val1","param2":"val2","take":10,"skip":0,"page":1,"pageSize":10,"sort":[{"field":"Id","dir":"desc"}]}

 // با ارث بری، خواص اضافی و سفارشی را به کلاس پایه اضافه می‌کنیم
public class CustomDataSourceRequest : DataSourceRequest
{
    public string Param1 { set; get; }
    public string Param2 { set; get; }
}

 var request = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<CustomDataSourceRequest>(queryString);

ShimDataAccessLayer را که مشاهده می‌کنید یک متد SaveCartItem دارد که به دیتابیس متصل شده و آیتم‌های کارت را ذخیره می‌کند.

حالا می‌توانیم تست خود را بنویسیم. در زیر یک نمونه از تست را مشاهده می‌کنید:

[TestMethod]
        public void AddCartItem_GivenCartAndProduct_ThenProductShouldBeAddedToCart()
        {
            //Create a context to scope and cleanup shims
            using (ShimsContext.Create())
            {
                int cartItemId = 42, cartId = 1, userId = 33, productId = 777;
 
                //Shim SaveCartItem rerouting it to a delegate which 
                //always returns cartItemId
                Fakes.ShimDataAccessLayer.SaveCartItemInt32Int32 = (c, p) => cartItemId;
 
                var cart = new CartToShim(cartId, userId);
                cart.AddCartItem(productId);
 
                Assert.AreEqual(cartId, cart.CartItems.Count);
                var cartItem = cart.CartItems[0];
                Assert.AreEqual(cartItemId, cartItem.CartItemId);
                Assert.AreEqual(productId, cartItem.ProductId);
            }
        }

به این نکته توجه داشته باشید که حتما برای assert کردن باید assert‌ها را در داخل اسکوپ ShimsContext قرار گرفته باشد در غیر این صورت assert شما درست کار نمی‌کند.

این یک مثال از shim بود؛ حالا می‌خواهم مثالی از یک stub را برای شما بزنم. یک اینترفیس با نام ICartSaver به صورت زیر ایجاد کنید:

public interface ICartSaver
    {
        int SaveCartItem(int cartId, int productId);
    }

public class CartSaver : ICartSaver
    {
        public int SaveCartItem(int cartId, int productId)
        {
            using (var conn = new SqlConnection("RandomSqlConnectionString"))
            {
                var cmd = new SqlCommand("InsCartItem", conn);
                cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@CartId", cartId);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ProductId", productId);
 
                conn.Open();
                return (int)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
            }
        }
    }

[TestMethod]
        public void AddCartItem_GivenCartAndProduct_ThenProductShouldBeAddedToCart()
        {
            int cartItemId = 42, cartId = 1, userId = 33, productId = 777;
 
            //Stub ICartSaver and customize the behavior via a 
            //delegate, ro return cartItemId
            var cartSaver = new Fakes.StubICartSaver();
            cartSaver.SaveCartItemInt32Int32 = (c, p) => cartItemId;
 
            var cart = new CartToStub(cartId, userId, cartSaver);
            cart.AddCartItem(productId);
 
            Assert.AreEqual(cartId, cart.CartItems.Count);
            var cartItem = cart.CartItems[0];
            Assert.AreEqual(cartItemId, cartItem.CartItemId);
            Assert.AreEqual(productId, cartItem.ProductId);
        }