public static List<string> ScanAllControllers(HttpRequestBase requestBase)
        {
            if (requestBase.Url == null)
                return null;

            Assembly asm = Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(MvcApplication));
            var securedControllers =
                asm.GetTypes()
                    .Where(
                        type =>
                            typeof(IController).IsAssignableFrom(type) &&
                            Attribute.IsDefined(type, typeof(AuthorizeAttribute)) &&
                           !type.Name.StartsWith("T4MVC"));

            var allControllers = asm.GetTypes()
                .Where(type => typeof(Controller).IsAssignableFrom(type));

            var controllers = allControllers.Except(securedControllers);

            var actionsWithAuthorizeAndAjaxAttribute = allControllers.SelectMany(t => t.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance
                                              | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly
                                              | BindingFlags.Public))
                .Where(m => m.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(AuthorizeAttribute), true)
                .Any() | m.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(AjaxRequestAttribute), true)
                .Any());

            var controllersList = controllers.SelectMany(type => type.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly | BindingFlags.Public))
                                             .Except(actionsWithAuthorizeAndAjaxAttribute)
                                             .Where((returnType => returnType.ReturnType == (typeof(ViewResult)) || returnType.ReturnType == (typeof(ActionResult))))
                                             .Where(returntype => !returntype.DeclaringType.Name.StartsWith("Site"))
                                             .Where(returnType => !returnType.DeclaringType.Name.StartsWith("Admin"))
                                             .Select(
                                                x =>
                                                    new
                                                    {
                                                        Controller = x.DeclaringType.Name.Replace("Controller", string.Empty),
                                                        Action = x.Name,
                                                        ReturnType = x.ReturnType.Name

                                                    })
                                             .OrderBy(x => x.Controller).ThenBy(x => x.Action).Distinct().ToList();



            var url = requestBase.Url.GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Authority);
            return controllersList.Select(controller => $"{url}/{controller.Controller}/{controller.Action}").ToList();
        }

// Current syntax
Tuple<int. int> Compute()
// Tuple syntax
(int x, int y) Compute()

// Call the method
var (x,y) = Compute()

var comments = _dbContext.Comments.Where(x => x.ReplyId == null).Include(x => x.Children).ToList();

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.IO;

namespace LINQtoDir
{
   class Program
   {
       static void Main(string[] args)
       {
           var query = from f in new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Documents and Settings\vahid\My Documents\My Pictures")
                                 .GetFiles("*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
                       where f.Extension.ToLower() == ".png" || f.Extension.ToLower() == ".jpg"
                       orderby f.LastAccessTime
                       select new
                       {
                           DateLastModified = f.LastWriteTime,
                           Extension = f.Extension,
                           Size = f.Length,
                           FileName = f.Name
                       };

           foreach (var file in query)
               Console.WriteLine(file.FileName);

           Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
           Console.ReadKey();
       }
   }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample03.Models
{
    public class User
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public DateTime AddDate { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }
        public string LastName { set; get; }

        public string FullName
        {
            get { return Name + " " + LastName; }
        }

        public string Email { set; get; }
        public string Description { set; get; }
        public byte[] Photo { set; get; }
        public IList<Project> Projects { set; get; }
        public byte[] RowVersion { set; get; }
        public InterestComponent Interests { set; get; }

        public User()
        {
            Interests = new InterestComponent();
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace EF_Sample03.Models
{
    public class Project
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public DateTime AddDate { set; get; }               
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public string Description { set; get; }
        public virtual User User { set; get; }
        public byte[] RowVesrion { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample03.Models
{
    public class InterestComponent
    {
        public string Interest1 { get; set; }
        public string Interest2 { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample03.Models;

namespace EF_Sample03.Mappings
{
    public class InterestComponentConfig : ComplexTypeConfiguration<InterestComponent>
    {
        public InterestComponentConfig()
        {            
            this.Property(x => x.Interest1).HasMaxLength(450);
            this.Property(x => x.Interest2).HasMaxLength(450);
        }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample03.Models;

namespace EF_Sample03.Mappings
{
    public class ProjectConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<Project>
    {
        public ProjectConfig()
        {
            this.Property(x => x.Description).IsMaxLength();
            this.Property(x => x.RowVesrion).IsRowVersion();            
        }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample03.Models;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace EF_Sample03.Mappings
{
    public class UserConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<User>
    {
        public UserConfig()
        {
            this.HasKey(x => x.Id);
            this.Property(x => x.Id).HasDatabaseGeneratedOption(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity);
            this.ToTable("tblUser", schemaName: "guest");
            this.Property(p => p.AddDate).HasColumnName("CreateDate").HasColumnType("date").IsRequired();
            this.Property(x => x.Name).HasMaxLength(450);
            this.Property(x => x.LastName).IsMaxLength().IsConcurrencyToken();
            this.Property(x => x.Email).IsFixedLength().HasMaxLength(255); //nchar(128)
            this.Property(x => x.Photo).IsOptional();
            this.Property(x => x.RowVersion).IsRowVersion();
            this.Ignore(x => x.FullName);
        }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using EF_Sample03.Mappings;
using EF_Sample03.Models;

namespace EF_Sample03.DataLayer
{
    public class Sample03Context : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<User> Users { set; get; }
        public DbSet<Project> Projects { set; get; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new InterestComponentConfig());
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new ProjectConfig());
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new UserConfig());

            //modelBuilder.ComplexType<InterestComponent>();
            //modelBuilder.Ignore<InterestComponent>(); 

            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<Sample03Context>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(Sample03Context context)
        {
            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Data.Entity;
using EF_Sample03.DataLayer;

namespace EF_Sample03
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<Sample03Context, Configuration>());

            using (var db = new Sample03Context())
            {
                var project1 = db.Projects.Find(1);
                if (project1 != null)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(project1.Title);
                }
            } 
        }
    }
}

<connectionStrings>
    <clear/>
    <add
       name="Sample03Context"
       connectionString="Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=testdb2012;Integrated Security = true"
       providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"
      />
/connectionStrings>

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample08.DomainClasses
{
    public class Doctor
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Patient> Patients { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample08.DomainClasses
{
    public class Patient
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }

        public virtual Doctor Doctor { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity;
using EF_Sample08.DomainClasses;

namespace EF_Sample08.DataLayer.Context
{
    public class Sample08Context : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Doctor> Doctors { set; get; }
        public DbSet<Patient> Patients { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using EF_Sample08.DomainClasses;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample08.DataLayer.Context
{
    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<Sample08Context>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(Sample08Context context)
        {
            addData(context);
            addSP(context);
            addFn(context);
            base.Seed(context);
        }

        private static void addData(Sample08Context context)
        {
            var patient1 = new Patient { Name = "p1" };
            var patient2 = new Patient { Name = "p2" };
            var doctor1 = new Doctor { Name = "doc1", Patients = new List<Patient> { patient1, patient2 } };
            context.Doctors.Add(doctor1);
        }

        private static void addFn(Sample08Context context)
        {
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                @"IF  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FindDoctorPatientsCount]') 
                   AND type in (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT'))
                      DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[FindDoctorPatientsCount]");
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                @"CREATE FUNCTION FindDoctorPatientsCount(@Doctor_Id INT)
                    RETURNS INT
                    BEGIN
                     RETURN 
                     (
                         SELECT COUNT(*)
                         FROM   Patients
                         WHERE  Doctor_Id = @Doctor_Id
                     );
                    END");
        }

        private static void addSP(Sample08Context context)
        {
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                @"IF  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FindDoctorsStartWith]')
                  AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
                       DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[FindDoctorsStartWith]
                 ");
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                @"CREATE PROCEDURE FindDoctorsStartWith(@name NVARCHAR(400))
                  AS
                 SELECT *
                 FROM   Doctors
                 WHERE  [Name] LIKE @name + '%'");
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Objects.SqlClient;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Linq;
using EF_Sample08.DataLayer.Context;
using EF_Sample08.DomainClasses;

namespace EF_Sample08
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<Sample08Context, Configuration>());

            using (var db = new Sample08Context())
            {
                runSp(db);
                runFn(db);
                usingSqlFunctions(db);
            }
        }

        private static void usingSqlFunctions(Sample08Context db)
        {
            var doctorsWithNumericNameList = db.Doctors.Where(x => SqlFunctions.IsNumeric(x.Name) == 1).ToList();
            if (doctorsWithNumericNameList.Any())
            {
                //do something
            }
        }

        private static void runFn(Sample08Context db)
        {
            var doctorIdParameter = new SqlParameter
            {
                ParameterName = "@doctor_id",
                Value = 1,
                SqlDbType = SqlDbType.Int
            };
            var patientsCount = db.Database.SqlQuery<int>("select dbo.FindDoctorPatientsCount(@doctor_id)", doctorIdParameter).FirstOrDefault();
            Console.WriteLine(patientsCount);
        }

        private static void runSp(Sample08Context db)
        {
            var nameParameter = new SqlParameter
            {
                ParameterName = "@name",
                Value = "doc",
                Direction = ParameterDirection.Input,
                SqlDbType = SqlDbType.NVarChar
            };
            var doctors = db.Database.SqlQuery<Doctor>("exec FindDoctorsStartWith @name", nameParameter).ToList();
            if (doctors.Any())
            {
                foreach (var item in doctors)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(item.Name);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

db.Database.SqlQuery<Doctor>("exec FindDoctorsStartWith "+ txtName.Text, nameParameter).ToList()

TempData["PaymentMethodsWithshippingMethods"]= await _paymentMethodService.FindAllWithShippingMethodsAsync();

var paymentMethodsWithshippingMethods = TempData
                .Where(x => x.Key.Contains("PaymentMethodsWithshippingMethods"))
                .Select(x => new { value = (PaymentMethodViewModel)x.Value })
                .Select(x => new PaymentMethodViewModel
                {
                    PaymentMethodId = x.value.PaymentMethodId,
                    Type = x.value.Type,
                    ShippingMethods = x.value.ShippingMethods.Select(y =>
                    new ShippingMethodViewModel
                    {
                        ShippingMethodId = y.ShippingMethodId,
                        DiscountPrice = y.DiscountPrice,
                        ProductPrice = y.ProductPrice,
                        Tax = y.Tax,
                        Type = y.Type,
                        Cost = y.Cost,
                    }).ToList()
                }).ToList();

Unable to cast object of type 'System.Collections.Generic.List`1[MeMarketShop.ViewModel.PaymentMethod.PaymentMethodViewModel]' to type 'MeMarketShop.ViewModel.PaymentMethod.PaymentMethodViewModel'.