public class Book
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Title { get; set; }

        public string ISBN { get; set; }
    }

public interface IBookRepository
    {
        IList<Book> GetBooks();
    }

 [Export( typeof( IBookRepository ) )]
    public class BookRepository
    {
        public IList<Book> GetBooks()
        {
            List<Book> listOfBooks = new List<Book>( 3 );
            listOfBooks.AddRange( new Book[] 
            {
                new Book(){Id=1 , Title="Book1"},
                new Book(){Id=2 , Title="Book2"},
                new Book(){Id=3 , Title="Book3"},
            } );
            return listOfBooks;
        }
    }

 [Export]
    [PartCreationPolicy( CreationPolicy.NonShared )]
    public class BookController : Controller
    {
        [Import( typeof( IBookRepository ) )]        
        BookRepository bookRepository;

        public BookController()
        {
        }

        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View( this.bookRepository.GetBooks() );
        }        
    }

public class MEFControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory
    {
        private readonly CompositionContainer _compositionContainer;

        public MEFControllerFactory( CompositionContainer compositionContainer )
        {
            _compositionContainer = compositionContainer;
        }

        protected override IController GetControllerInstance( RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType )
        {
            var export = _compositionContainer.GetExports( controllerType, null, null ).SingleOrDefault();

            IController result;

            if ( export != null )
            {
                result = export.Value as IController;
            }
            else
            {
                result = base.GetControllerInstance( requestContext, controllerType );
                _compositionContainer.ComposeParts( result );
            } 
        }
    }

public class MefDependencyResolver : IDependencyResolver
    {
        private readonly CompositionContainer _container;

        public MefDependencyResolver( CompositionContainer container )
        {
            _container = container;
        }

        public IDependencyScope BeginScope()
        {
            return this;
        }

        public object GetService( Type serviceType )
        {
            var export = _container.GetExports( serviceType, null, null ).SingleOrDefault();

            return null != export ? export.Value : null;
        }

        public IEnumerable<object> GetServices( Type serviceType )
        {
            var exports = _container.GetExports( serviceType, null, null );
            var createdObjects = new List<object>();

            if ( exports.Any() )
            {
                foreach ( var export in exports )
                {
                    createdObjects.Add( export.Value );
                }
            }

            return createdObjects;
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
          
        }
    }

public class Plugin
    {
        public void Setup()
        {           
            var container = new CompositionContainer( new DirectoryCatalog( HostingEnvironment.MapPath( "~/bin" ) ) );

            CompositionBatch batch = new CompositionBatch();

            batch.AddPart( this );

            ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory( new MEFControllerFactory( container ) );
            
            System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver = new MefDependencyResolver( container );

            container.Compose( batch );
        }
    }

var container = new CompositionContainer( new AssemblyCatalog( Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly() ) );

ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory( new MEFControllerFactory( container ) );

System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver = new MefDependencyResolver( container );

protected void Application_Start()
        {
            Plugin myPlugin = new Plugin();
            myPlugin.Setup();

            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            
            RegisterRoutes( RouteTable.Routes );
        }

        public static void RegisterRoutes( RouteCollection routes )
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute( "{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}" );        

            routes.MapRoute(
                "Default", // Route name
                "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters
                new { controller = "Book", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults
            );          
        }

//returns the file content as an array of bytes
public FileContentResult FileContentActionResult()
{
   var file = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs");
   return File(file, "text/plain", "HomeController.cs");
}

public IActionResult TestFileContentActionResult()
{
   var file = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs");
   return new FileContentResult(file, "text/plain") { FileDownloadName = "HomeController.cs" };
}

//return the file as a stream
public FileStreamResult FileStreamActionResult()
{
   //var file = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs");
   //var stream = new MemoryStream(file, writable:true);

   var fileStream = new FileStream(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
   return File(fileStream, "text/plain", "HomeController.cs");
}

public IActionResult TestFileStreamActionResult()
{
   //var file = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs");
   //var stream = new MemoryStream(file, writable:true);
   var fileStream = new FileStream(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
   return new FileStreamResult(fileStream, "text/plain") { FileDownloadName = "HomeController.cs" };
}

//returns a file specified with a virtual path
public VirtualFileResult VirtualFileActionResult()
{
   return File("/css/site.css", "text/plain", "site.css");
}

public IActionResult TestVirtualFileActionResult()
{
   return new VirtualFileResult("/css/site.css", "text/plain") { FileDownloadName = "site.css" };
}

//returns the specified file on disk, that is it's physical address
public PhysicalFileResult PhysicalFileActionResult()
{
   return PhysicalFile(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs", "text/plain", "HomeController.cs");
}

public IActionResult TestPhysicalFileActionResult()
{
   return new PhysicalFileResult(@"C:\path\dir1\HomeController.cs", "text/plain")
   {
      FileDownloadName = "HomeController.cs"
   };
}

<input dir="ltr" class="form-control input-validation-error" 
type="email" 
data-val="true" 
data-val-email="'آدرس ایمیل' is not a valid email address." 
data-val-remote="این آدرس ایمیل هم اکنون مورد استفاده‌است" 
data-val-remote-url="/Home/ValidateUniqueEmail" 
data-val-required="'آدرس ایمیل' must not be empty." 
id="Email" 
name="Email" 
>

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace FluentValidationSample.Models
{
    public class UserModel
    {
        [Display(Name = "نام کاربری")]
        public string Username { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "سن")]
        public int Age { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "سابقه کار")]
        public int Experience { get; set; }

        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
        [Display(Name = "آدرس ایمیل")]
        public string Email { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Linq;

namespace FluentValidationSample.Services
{
    public interface IUsersService
    {
        bool IsUniqueEmail(string emailAddress);
    }

    public class UsersService : IUsersService
    {
        public bool IsUniqueEmail(string emailAddress)
        {
            string[] registedEmails = {
                "email@site.com",
                "test@gmail.com"
            };
            return !registedEmails.Contains(emailAddress);
        }
    }
}

namespace FluentValidationSample.Web
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddScoped<IUsersService, UsersService>();

using FluentValidation.Validators;
using FluentValidationSample.Services;

namespace FluentValidationSample.ModelsValidations
{
    public class UniqueEmailValidator : PropertyValidator
    {
        private readonly IUsersService _usersService;

        public UniqueEmailValidator(IUsersService usersService)
                : base("این آدرس ایمیل هم اکنون مورد استفاده‌است")
        {
            _usersService = usersService;
        }

        protected override bool IsValid(PropertyValidatorContext context)
        {
            return context.PropertyValue != null &&
                    _usersService.IsUniqueEmail((string)context.PropertyValue);
        }
    }
}

using FluentValidation;
using FluentValidationSample.Services;

namespace FluentValidationSample.ModelsValidations
{
    public static class CustomValidatorExtensions
    {
        public static IRuleBuilderOptions<T, string> UniqueEmail<T>(
            this IRuleBuilder<T, string> ruleBuilder, IUsersService usersService)
        {
            return ruleBuilder.SetValidator(new UniqueEmailValidator(usersService));
        }
    }
}

using FluentValidation;
using FluentValidationSample.Models;
using FluentValidationSample.Services;

namespace FluentValidationSample.ModelsValidations
{
    public class UserModelValidator : AbstractValidator<UserModel>
    {
        public UserModelValidator(IUsersService usersService)
        {
            RuleFor(x => x.Username).NotNull();
            RuleFor(x => x.Age).NotNull();
            RuleFor(x => x.Experience).LowerThan(nameof(UserModel.Age)).NotNull();
            RuleFor(x => x.Email).EmailAddress().NotNull().UniqueEmail(usersService);
        }
    }
}

using FluentValidation;
using FluentValidation.AspNetCore;
using FluentValidation.Internal;
using FluentValidation.Resources;
using FluentValidation.Validators;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ModelBinding.Validation;

namespace FluentValidationSample.ModelsValidations
{
    public class RemoteClientValidator : ClientValidatorBase
    {
        public string RemoteUrl { set; get; }

        public RemoteClientValidator(PropertyRule rule, IPropertyValidator validator) :
            base(rule, validator)
        {
        }

        public override void AddValidation(ClientModelValidationContext context)
        {
            MergeAttribute(context.Attributes, "data-val", "true");
            MergeAttribute(context.Attributes, "data-val-remote", GetErrorMessage(context));
            MergeAttribute(context.Attributes, "data-val-remote-url", RemoteUrl);
        }

        private string GetErrorMessage(ClientModelValidationContext context)
        {
            var formatter = ValidatorOptions.MessageFormatterFactory().AppendPropertyName(Rule.GetDisplayName());
            string messageTemplate;
            try
            {
                messageTemplate = Validator.Options.ErrorMessageSource.GetString(null);
            }
            catch (FluentValidationMessageFormatException)
            {
                messageTemplate = ValidatorOptions.LanguageManager.GetStringForValidator<NotEmptyValidator>();
            }
            return formatter.BuildMessage(messageTemplate);
        }
    }
}

<input dir="ltr" class="form-control input-validation-error" 
type="email" 
data-val="true" 
data-val-email="'آدرس ایمیل' is not a valid email address." 
data-val-remote="این آدرس ایمیل هم اکنون مورد استفاده‌است" 
data-val-remote-url="/Home/ValidateUniqueEmail" 
data-val-required="'آدرس ایمیل' must not be empty." 
id="Email" 
name="Email" 
>

namespace FluentValidationSample.Web
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddScoped<IUsersService, UsersService>();

            services.AddControllersWithViews().AddFluentValidation(
                fv =>
                {
                    fv.RegisterValidatorsFromAssembly(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
                    fv.RegisterValidatorsFromAssemblyContaining<RegisterModelValidator>();
                    fv.RunDefaultMvcValidationAfterFluentValidationExecutes = false;

                    fv.ConfigureClientsideValidation(clientSideValidation =>
                    {
                        // ...

                        clientSideValidation.Add(
                            validatorType: typeof(UniqueEmailValidator),
                            factory: (context, rule, validator) =>
                                        new RemoteClientValidator(rule, validator)
                                        {
                                            RemoteUrl = "/Home/ValidateUniqueEmail"
                                        });
                    });
                }
            );
        }

namespace FluentValidationSample.Web.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IUsersService _usersService;

        public HomeController(IUsersService usersService)
        {
            _usersService = usersService;
        }

         // ...

        public IActionResult ValidateUniqueEmail(string email)
        {
            return Ok(_usersService.IsUniqueEmail(email));
        }
    }
}

<script src="~/lib/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/lib/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/lib/jquery-validation/dist/jquery.validate.js"></script>
<script src="~/lib/jquery-validation-unobtrusive/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js"></script>
<script src="~/js/site.js" asp-append-version="true"></script>