class Counter extends Component {
  state = {
    count: 0,
    tags: ["tag 1", "tag 2", "tag 3"]
  };

class Counter extends Component {
  state = {
    count: 0,
    tags: ["tag 1", "tag 2", "tag 3"]
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <span className={this.getBadgeClasses()}>{this.formatCount()}</span>
        <button className="btn btn-secondary btn-sm">Increment</button>
        <ul>
          {this.state.tags.map(tag => (
            <li>{tag}</li>
          ))}
        </ul>
      </div>
    );
  }

<li key={tag}>{tag}</li>

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <span className={this.getBadgeClasses()}>{this.formatCount()}</span>
        <button className="btn btn-secondary btn-sm">Increment</button>
        {this.renderTags()}
      </div>
    );
  }

  state = {
    count: 0,
    tags: []
  };

{this.state.tags.length === 0 && "Please create a new tag!"}

  handleIncrement() {
    console.log("Increment clicked!");
  }

<button
    onClick={this.handleIncrement}
    className="btn btn-secondary btn-sm"
>
    Increment
</button>

  handleIncrement() {
    console.log("Increment clicked!", this.state.count);
  }

  constructor() {
    super();
    console.log("constructor", this);
    this.handleIncrement = this.handleIncrement.bind(this);
  }

  handleIncrement = () => {
    console.log("Increment clicked!", this.state.count);
  }

  handleIncrement = () => {
    this.state.count++;
  };

  Line 33:5:  Do not mutate state directly. Use setState()  react/no-direct-mutation-state

  handleIncrement = () => {
    this.setState({ count: this.state.count + 1 });
  };

  doHandleIncrement = () => {
    this.handleIncrement({ id: 1, name: "Product 1" });
  };

  handleIncrement = product => {
    console.log(product);
    this.setState({ count: this.state.count + 1 });
  };

onClick={() => this.handleIncrement({ id: 1, name: "Product 1" })}

 import React, { Component } from "react";  
class NavBar extends Component {
  state = {};
  render() {
    return (
      <React.Fragment>
            <nav>
                <!-- Left navbar links -->
    <ul>
                    <li>
                        <a data-widget="pushmenu" href="#"><i></i></a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="index3.html">خانه</a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="#">تماس</a>
                    </li>
                </ul>

                <!-- SEARCH FORM -->
    <form>
                    <div>
                        <input type="search" placeholder="جستجو" aria-label="Search">
                            <div>
                                <button type="submit">
                                    <i></i>
                                </button>
                            </div>
        </div>
    </form>
                    ...
</nav>
      </React.Fragment>
    );
  }
}

export default NavBar;

<form asp-controller="Manage" asp-action="ChangePassword" method="post">   
   <!-- Form details --> 
</form>

<form method="post" action="/Manage/ChangePassword">   
  <!-- Form details --> 
  <input name="__RequestVerificationToken" type="hidden" value="CfDJ8NrAkSldwD9CpLR...LongValueHere!" /> 
</form>

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Antiforgery;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Utils
{
    public class AntiforgeryTokenMiddleware
    {
        private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
        private readonly IAntiforgery _antiforgery;

        public AntiforgeryTokenMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IAntiforgery antiforgery)
        {
            _next = next;
            _antiforgery = antiforgery;
        }

        public Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
        {
            var path = context.Request.Path.Value;
            if (path != null && !path.StartsWith("/api/", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                var tokens = _antiforgery.GetAndStoreTokens(context);
                context.Response.Cookies.Append(
                      key: "XSRF-TOKEN",
                      value: tokens.RequestToken,
                      options: new CookieOptions
                      {
                          HttpOnly = false // Now JavaScript is able to read the cookie
                      });
            }
            return _next(context);
        }
    }

    public static class AntiforgeryTokenMiddlewareExtensions
    {
        public static IApplicationBuilder UseAntiforgeryToken(this IApplicationBuilder builder)
        {
            return builder.UseMiddleware<AntiforgeryTokenMiddleware>();
        }
    }
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
   app.UseAntiforgeryToken();

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
      services.AddAntiforgery(x => x.HeaderName = "X-XSRF-TOKEN");
      services.AddMvc();
}

  [HttpPost] 
  [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] 
  public IActionResult ChangePassword() 
  { 
    // ... 
    return Json(…); 
  }

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
       services.AddAntiforgery(x => x.HeaderName = "X-XSRF-TOKEN");
       services.AddMvc(options =>
       {
           options.Filters.Add(new AutoValidateAntiforgeryTokenAttribute());
       });
}

>npm install
>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore
>dotnet watch run

namespace BlazorDemoApp.Models;

public record Product
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public required string Title { get; set; }
    public required string Description { get; set; }
    public decimal Price { get; set; }

    public List<int> Related { get; set; } = new();
}

using BlazorDemoApp.Models;

namespace BlazorDemoApp.Services;

public interface IProductStore
{
    IList<Product> GetAllProducts();
    Product GetProduct(int id);
    IList<Product> GetRelatedProducts(int productId);
}

public class ProductStore : IProductStore
{
    private static readonly List<Product> ProductsDataSource =
        new()
        {
            new Product
            {
                Id = 1, Title = "Smart speaker", Price = 22m,
                Description =
                    "This smart speaker delivers excellent sound quality and comes with built-in voice control, offering an impressive music listening experience.",
                Related = new List<int> { 2, 3 },
            },
            new Product
            {
                Id = 2, Title = "Regular speaker", Price = 89m,
                Description =
                    "Enjoy room-filling sound with this regular speaker. With its slick design, it perfectly fits into any room in your house.",
                Related = new List<int> { 1, 3 },
            },
            new Product
            {
                Id = 3, Title = "Speaker cable", Price = 12m,
                Description =
                    "This high-quality speaker cable ensures a reliable and clear audio connection for your sound system.",
            },
        };

    public IList<Product> GetAllProducts() => ProductsDataSource;

    public Product GetProduct(int id) => ProductsDataSource.Single(p => p.Id == id);

    public IList<Product> GetRelatedProducts(int productId)
    {
        var product = ProductsDataSource.Single(x => x.Id == productId);
        return ProductsDataSource.Where(p => product.Related.Contains(p.Id)).ToList();
    }
}

builder.Services.AddScoped<IProductStore, ProductStore>();

@page "/Products"
@using BlazorDemoApp.Models
@using BlazorDemoApp.Services

@inject IProductStore Store

@attribute [StreamRendering]

<h3>Products</h3>

@if (_products == null)
{
    <p>Loading...</p>
}
else
{
    @foreach (var item in _products)
    {
        <a href="/ProductDetails/@item.Id">
            <div>
                <div>
                    <h5>@item.Title</h5>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <h5>@item.Price.ToString("c")</h5>
                </div>
            </div>
        </a>
    }
}

@code {
    private IList<Product>? _products;

    protected override Task OnInitializedAsync() => GetProductsAsync();

    private async Task GetProductsAsync()
    {
        await Task.Delay(1000); // Simulates asynchronous loading to demonstrate streaming rendering
        _products = Store.GetAllProducts();
    }

}

@page "/ProductDetails/{ProductId}"
@using BlazorDemoApp.Models
@using BlazorDemoApp.Services

@inject IProductStore Store

@attribute [StreamRendering]

@if (_product == null)
{
    <p>Loading...</p>
}
else
{
    <div>
        <div>
            <h5>
                @_product.Title (@_product.Price.ToString("C"))
            </h5>
            <p>
                @_product.Description
            </p>
        </div>
        @if (_product.Related.Count > 0)
        {
            <div>
                <RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" />
            </div>
        }
    </div>
    <NavLink href="/Products">Back</NavLink>
}

@code {
    private Product? _product;

    [Parameter]
    public string? ProductId { get; set; }

    protected override Task OnInitializedAsync() => GetProductAsync();

    private async Task GetProductAsync()
    {
        await Task.Delay(1000); // Simulates asynchronous loading to demonstrate streaming rendering
        _product = Store.GetProduct(Convert.ToInt32(ProductId));
    }

}

<RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" />

@using BlazorDemoApp.Models
@using BlazorDemoApp.Services
@inject IProductStore Store

<button @onclick="LoadRelatedProducts">Related products</button>

@if (_loadRelatedProducts)
{
    @if (_relatedProducts == null)
    {
        <p>Loading...</p>
    }
    else
    {
        <div>
            @foreach (var item in _relatedProducts)
            {
                <a href="/ProductDetails/@item.Id">
                    <div>
                        <h5>@item.Title (@item.Price.ToString("C"))</h5>
                    </div>
                </a>
            }
        </div>
    }
}

@code{

    private IList<Product>? _relatedProducts;
    private bool _loadRelatedProducts;

    [Parameter]
    public int ProductId { get; set; }

    private async Task LoadRelatedProducts()
    {
        _loadRelatedProducts = true;
        await Task.Delay(1000); // Simulates asynchronous loading to demonstrate InteractiveServer mode
        _relatedProducts = Store.GetRelatedProducts(ProductId);
    }

}

<RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" @rendermode="@InteractiveServer"/>

<script src="_framework/blazor.web.js"></script>

<RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" @rendermode="@(new InteractiveServerRenderMode(false))"/>

@using static Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web.RenderMode

public static class RenderMode
  {
    public static InteractiveServerRenderMode InteractiveServer { get; } = new InteractiveServerRenderMode();

    public static InteractiveWebAssemblyRenderMode InteractiveWebAssembly { get; } = new InteractiveWebAssemblyRenderMode();

    public static InteractiveAutoRenderMode InteractiveAuto { get; } = new InteractiveAutoRenderMode();
  }


public class InteractiveServerRenderMode : IComponentRenderMode
  {
    public InteractiveServerRenderMode()
      : this(true)
    {
    }

    public InteractiveServerRenderMode(bool prerender) => this.Prerender = prerender;

    public bool Prerender { get; }
  }

> npm i -g create-react-app
> create-react-app state-management-redux-mobx
> cd state-management-redux-mobx
> npm start

> npm install --save redux

applyMiddleware: function()
bindActionCreators: function()
combineReducers: function()
compose: function()
createStore: function()

import { compose } from "redux";

const makeLouder = text => text.toUpperCase();
const repeatThreeTimes = text => text.repeat(3);
const embolden = text => text.bold();

const makeLouderAndRepeatThreeTimesAndEmbolden = compose(
  embolden,
  repeatThreeTimes,
  makeLouder
);
console.log(makeLouderAndRepeatThreeTimesAndEmbolden("Hello"));

 <b>HELLOHELLOHELLO</b>

import { createStore } from "redux";

createStore(() => {});

import { createStore } from "redux";

const reducer = (state, action) => {
  return state;
};
const store = createStore(reducer);
console.log(store);

import { createStore } from "redux";

const reducer = (state = { value: 1 }, action) => {
  return state;
};
const store = createStore(reducer);
console.log(store.getState());

import { compose, createStore } from "redux";

const reducer = (state = { value: 1 }, action) => {
  console.log("Something happened!", action);
  return state;
};
const store = createStore(reducer);
console.log(store.getState());
store.dispatch({ type: "ADD" });

store.dispatch({ type: "ADD", payload: { amount: 2 }, meta: {} });

import { createStore } from "redux";

const reducer = (state = { value: 1 }, action) => {
  console.log("Something happened!", action);

  if (action.type === "ADD") {
    const value = state.value;
    const amount = action.payload.amount;
    state.value = value + amount;
  }

  return state;
};
const store = createStore(reducer);
const firstState = store.getState();
console.log(firstState);
store.dispatch({ type: "ADD", payload: { amount: 2 }, meta: {} });
const secondState = store.getState();
console.log(secondState);
console.log("secondState === firstState", secondState === firstState);

return {
  value: value + amount
};

const store = createStore(reducer);

const unsubscribe = store.subscribe(() => console.log(store.getState()));

store.dispatch({ type: "ADD", payload: { amount: 2 }, meta: {} });
store.dispatch({ type: "ADD", payload: { amount: 2 }, meta: {} });

unsubscribe();

{value: 3}
{value: 5}

import { combineReducers, createStore } from "redux";
  // ...

const calculatorReducer = (state = { value: 1 }, action) => {
  // ...
};
const store = createStore(
  combineReducers({
    calculator: calculatorReducer
  })
);

store.dispatch({ type: "ADD", payload: { amount: 2 }, meta: {} });
store.dispatch({ type: "ADD", payload: { amount: 2 }, meta: {} });

const createAddAction = amount => {
  return {
    type: "ADD",
    payload: {
      amount // = amount: amount
    },
    meta: {}
  };
};

store.dispatch(createAddAction(2));
store.dispatch(createAddAction(2));

import { bindActionCreators, combineReducers, compose, createStore } from "redux";

// ...
const dispatchAdd = bindActionCreators(createAddAction, store.dispatch);
dispatchAdd(2);
dispatchAdd(2);

const logger = ({ getState }) => {
  return next => action => {
    console.log(
      'MIDDLEWARE',
      getState(),
      action
    );
    const value = next(action);
    console.log({value});
    return value;
  }
}

import { applyMiddleware, bindActionCreators, combineReducers, compose, createStore } from "redux";

// ...

const store = createStore(
  combineReducers({
    calculator: calculatorReducer
  }),
  applyMiddleware(logger)
);

using System.Collections.Generic;
 
namespace NG_Combine_Multiple_Promises.Models
{
    public class Courses
    {
        public int CourseId { get; set; }
        public string CourseName { get; set; }
    }
    public class CourseDatabase : List<Courses>
    {
        public CourseDatabase()
        {
            Add(new Courses() { CourseId=1,CourseName="الکترونیک"});
            Add(new Courses() { CourseId = 2, CourseName = "ریاضی 2" });
            Add(new Courses() { CourseId = 3, CourseName = "طراحی نرم افزار" });
        }
    }
 
    public class Student
    {
        public int StudentId { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string AcadmicYear { get; set; }
    }
 
    public class StudentDatabase : List<Student>
    {
        public StudentDatabase()
        {
            Add(new Student() {StudentId=101,Name="محمد علوی", 
                               AcadmicYear="اول" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 102, Name = "طاهره موسوی", 
                               AcadmicYear = "دوم" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 103, Name = "علی عباسی", 
                               AcadmicYear = "سوم" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 104, Name = "جواد نوری", 
                               AcadmicYear = "اول" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 105, Name = "محسن خدایی", 
                               AcadmicYear = "دوم" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 106, Name = "علی کاظمی", 
                               AcadmicYear = "سوم" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 107, Name = "زهرا مقدم", 
                               AcadmicYear = "اول" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 108, Name = "لاله فکور", 
                               AcadmicYear = "دوم" });
            Add(new Student() { StudentId = 109, Name = "علی نوروزی", 
                               AcadmicYear = "چهارم" });
        }
    }
     
}

کد بالا شامل موجودیت‌های Courses و Student است و کلاس‌های CourseDatabase و StudentDatabase به ترتیب برای ذخیره این موجودیت‌ها است.

قدم سوم :  بسته‌ی نیوگت Microsoft.AspNet.WebAPi.Cors را با استفاده از NuGet Package Manager، به منظور فعال سازی امکان صدا زدن این وب سرویس از دامنه‌های مختلف، به پروژه اضافه کرده و کد زیر را در کلاس WebApiCofig در پوشه App_Start قرار دهید.

config.EnableCors();

قدم چهارم : دو کنترل از نوع Web API 2 Empty را با نام‌های CourseAPIController و StudentAPIController ایجاد کرده و کدهای زیر را در آنها قرار دهید.

CourseAPIController.cs 

[EnableCors("*","*","*")]
public class CourseAPIController : ApiController
{
    [Route("Courses")]
    public IEnumerable<Courses> Get()
    {
        return new CourseDatabase();
    }
}

StudentAPIController.cs 

[EnableCors("*", "*", "*")]
public class StudentAPIController : ApiController
{
    [Route("Students")]
    public IEnumerable<Student> Get()
    {
        return new StudentDatabase();
    }
}

استفاده از Angular $q.all  

قدم اول : پروژه‌ی جدیدی را از نوع Empty ASP.NET در همین solution اضافه کرده و ارجاعات jQuery, Bootstrap و AngularJS را با استفاده از NuGet Package manager  مانند زیر اضافه کنید:

Install-Package jQuery
Install-Package bootstrap
Install-Package angularjs

قدم دوم : پوشه‌ایی را به نام MyScripts ایجاد کرده و درون آن فایل javascript  زیر را با نام logic.js اضافه کنید: 

var app = angular.module('mymodule', []);

//سرویسی برای بازگرداندن لیست دروس
app.service('courseService', function ($http) {
    this.get = function () {
        var response = $http.get("http://localhost:11696/Courses");
        return response;
    };
});

//سرویسی برای بازگرداندن لیست دانشجویان
app.service('studentService', function ($http) {
    this.get = function () {
        var response = $http.get("http://localhost:11696/Students");
        return response;
    };
});

//تعریف کنترلر
app.controller('ctrl', function ($scope, $q, courseService, studentService) {

    $scope.Courses = [];
    $scope.Students = [];
    loadData();

    /**/
    function loadData() {
        var promiseCourse = courseService.get();
        var promiseStudent = studentService.get();

        $scope.combineResult = $q.all([
            promiseCourse,
            promiseStudent
        ]).then(function (resp) {
            $scope.Courses = resp[0].data;
            $scope.Students = resp[1].data;
        });
    }
});

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace BlazorAsyncValidation.Shared;

public class UserDto
{
    [Required] public string Name { set; get; } = default!;
}

using BlazorAsyncValidation.Shared;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace BlazorAsyncValidation.Server.Controllers;

[ApiController, Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
public class RegisterController : ControllerBase
{
    [HttpPost]
    public IActionResult IsUserNameUnique([FromBody] UserDto userModel)
    {
        if (string.Equals(userModel?.Name, "Vahid", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            return Ok(false);
        }

        return Ok(true);
    }
}

@page "/"

<PageTitle>Index</PageTitle>

<h2>Register</h2>

<EditForm EditContext="@EditContext" OnValidSubmit="DoSubmitAsync">
    <DataAnnotationsValidator/>
    <div class="row mb-2">
        <label class="col-form-label col-lg-2">Name:</label>
        <div class="col-lg-10">
            <InputText @bind-Value="Model.Name" class="form-control"/>
            <ValidationMessage For="@(() => Model.Name)"/>
        </div>
    </div>

    <button class="btn btn-secondary" type="submit">Submit</button>
</EditForm>

public partial class Index
{
    private const string UserValidationUrl = "/api/Register/IsUserNameUnique";

    private ValidationMessageStore? _messageStore;
    [Inject] private HttpClient HttpClient { set; get; } = default!;
    private EditContext? EditContext { set; get; }

    private UserDto Model { get; } = new();

    protected override void OnInitialized()
    {
        EditContext = new EditContext(Model);
        _messageStore = new ValidationMessageStore(EditContext);
        EditContext.OnFieldChanged += (sender, eventArgs) =>
        {
            var fieldIdentifier = eventArgs.FieldIdentifier;
            _messageStore?.Clear(fieldIdentifier);
            _ = InvokeAsync(async () =>
            {
                var errors = await OnValidateFieldAsync(fieldIdentifier.FieldName);
                if (errors?.Any() != true)
                {
                    return;
                }

                foreach (var error in errors)
                {
                    _messageStore?.Add(fieldIdentifier, error);
                }

                EditContext.NotifyValidationStateChanged();
            });
            StateHasChanged();
        };
        EditContext.OnValidationStateChanged += (sender, eventArgs) => StateHasChanged();
        EditContext.OnValidationRequested += (sender, eventArgs) => _messageStore?.Clear();
    }

    private async Task<IList<string>?> OnValidateFieldAsync(string fieldName)
    {
        switch (fieldName)
        {
            case nameof(UserDto.Name):
                var response = await HttpClient.PostAsJsonAsync(
                    UserValidationUrl,
                    new UserDto { Name = Model.Name });
                var responseContent = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                if (string.Equals(responseContent, "false", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                {
                    return new List<string>
                    {
                        $"`{Model.Name}` is in use. Please choose another name."
                    };
                }

                // TIP: It's better to use the `DntDebounceInputText` component for this case to reduce the network round-trips.

                break;
        }

        return null;
    }