public class Customer
{
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public string Stno { get; set; }
    public int value { get; set; }
    public bool Active { get; set; }
}

public class RequestContext
{
    public int VamValue { get; set; }
    public Customer student { get; set; }
}

public class ResponseContext
{
    public string Response { get; set; }
}

public abstract class GetVam
{
    protected readonly GetVam successor;
    
    public GetVam(GetVam _getVam)
    {
        this.successor = _getVam;
    }

    public abstract ResponseContext execute(RequestContext requestContext);
}

public class CheckUseractive : GetVam
{
    public CheckUseractive(GetVam _getVam) : base(_getVam)
    {
    }

    public override ResponseContext execute(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        if (requestContext.student.Active == true)
        {
            return successor.execute(requestContext);
        }

        else
        {

            return new ResponseContext
            {
                Response = "student is inactive"
            };
        }
    }
}

public class ChechPassword : GetVam
{
    public ChechPassword(GetVam _getVam) : base(_getVam)
    {
    }

    public override ResponseContext execute(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        if (requestContext.student.Password == "123")
        {
            return successor.execute(requestContext);
        }
        else
        {
            return new ResponseContext
            {
                Response = "invalid pass",
            };
        }
    }
}

public class ChechUserBedehkar : GetVam
{
    public ChechUserBedehkar(GetVam _getVam) : base(_getVam)
    {
    }

    public override ResponseContext execute(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        if (requestContext.student.value < requestContext.VamValue)
        {
            return successor.execute(requestContext);
        }
        else
        {
            return new ResponseContext
            {
                Response = "you are dont permission"
            };
        }
    }
}

public class AssignVam : GetVam
{
    public AssignVam(GetVam _getVam) : base(_getVam)
    {
    }

    public override ResponseContext execute(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        return new ResponseContext
        {
            Response = "value of vam: " + (requestContext.VamValue - requestContext.student.value).ToString();
        };
    }
}

partial class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Customer customer = new Customer()
        {
            Active = true,
            Password = "123",
            Stno = "111",
            value = 2000

        };

        RequestContext requestContext = new RequestContext()
        {

            student = customer,
            VamValue = 3000,
        };

        var GetVam = new CheckUseractive(new ChechPassword(new ChechUserBedehkar(new AssignVam(null))));
        var res = GetVam.execute(requestContext);
        Console.Write(res.Response);
        Console.ReadKey();
    }
}

public class Reservation
{
        public int ReservationId { get; set; }
        public string ClientName { get; set; }
        public string Location { get; set; }
}

public interface IRepository
{
        IEnumerable<Reservation> Reservations { get; }
        Reservation this[int id] { get; }
        Reservation AddReservation(Reservation reservation);
        Reservation UpdateReservation(Reservation reservation);
        void DeleteReservation(int id);
}

public class MemoryRepository : IRepository
 {
        private Dictionary<int, Reservation> items;
        public MemoryRepository()
        {
            items = new Dictionary<int, Reservation>();
            new List<Reservation> {
                new Reservation { ClientName = "Alice", Location = "Board Room" },
                new Reservation { ClientName = "Bob", Location = "Lecture Hall" },
                new Reservation { ClientName = "Joe", Location = "Meeting Room 1" }
            }.ForEach(r => AddReservation(r));
        }

        public Reservation this[int id] => items.ContainsKey(id) ? items[id] : null;
        public IEnumerable<Reservation> Reservations => items.Values;

        public Reservation AddReservation(Reservation reservation)
        {
            if (reservation.ReservationId == 0)
            {
                int key = items.Count;
                while (items.ContainsKey(key)) { key++; };
                reservation.ReservationId = key;
            }
            items[reservation.ReservationId] = reservation;
            return reservation;
        }

        public void DeleteReservation(int id) => items.Remove(id);
        public Reservation UpdateReservation(Reservation reservation) => AddReservation(reservation);
}

[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class ReservationController : Controller
    {
        private IRepository repository;
        public ReservationController(IRepository repo) => repository = repo;

        [HttpGet]
        public IEnumerable<Reservation> Get() => repository.Reservations;

        [HttpGet("{id}")]
        public Reservation Get(int id) => repository[id];

        [HttpPost]
        public Reservation Post([FromBody] Reservation res) =>
                    repository.AddReservation(new Reservation
                    {
                        ClientName = res.ClientName,
                        Location = res.Location
                    });
        [HttpPut]
        public Reservation Put([FromBody] Reservation res) => repository.UpdateReservation(res);

        [HttpPatch("{id}")]
        public StatusCodeResult Patch(int id, [FromBody] JsonPatchDocument<Reservation> patch)
        {
            Reservation res = Get(id);
            if (res != null)
            {
                patch.ApplyTo(res);
                return Ok();
            }
            return NotFound();
        }

        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        public void Delete(int id) => repository.DeleteReservation(id);
}

export interface IUser {
    id: number;
    name: string;
    email: string;
    password: string;
}

<form>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label form="name">Username</label>
        <input id="name" type="text" class="form-control" />
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label form="email">Email</label>
        <input id="email" type="text" class="form-control" />
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label form="password">Password</label>
        <input id="password" type="password" class="form-control" />
    </div>
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Control, ControlGroup, Validators } from '@angular/common';
 
@Component({
    selector: 'signup-form',
    templateUrl: 'app/users/signup-form.component.html'
})
export class SignupFormComponent {
    form = new ControlGroup({
        name: new Control('', Validators.required),
        email: new Control('', Validators.required),
        password: new Control('', Validators.required)
    });
 
    onSubmit(): void {
        console.log(this.form.value);
    }
}

<form [ngFormModel]="form" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit()">
    <div class="form-group">
        <label form="name">Username</label>
        <input id="name" type="text" class="form-control"
               ngControl="name"/>
        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="!form.controls['name'].valid">
            Username is required.
        </label>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label form="email">Email</label>
        <input id="email" type="text" class="form-control"
               ngControl="email" #email="ngForm"/>
        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="email.touched && !email.valid">
            Email is required.
        </label>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label form="password">Password</label>
        <input id="password" type="password" class="form-control"
               ngControl="password" #password="ngForm"/>
        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="password.touched && !password.valid">
            Password is required.
        </label>
    </div>
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

form = new ControlGroup({
    name: new Control('', Validators.required),
    email: new Control('', Validators.required),
    password: new Control('', Validators.required)
});

 import { Control, ControlGroup, Validators } from '@angular/common';

<form [ngFormModel]="form" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit()">

 <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="!form.controls['name'].valid">

    onSubmit(): void {
        console.log(this.form.value);
    }

//same as before...
import { SignupFormComponent } from './users/signup-form.component';
 
@Component({
    //same as before…
    template: `
                //same as before…                    
                <li><a [routerLink]="['AddUser']">Add User</a></li>
               //same as before…
    `,
    //same as before…
})
@RouteConfig([
    //same as before…    
    { path: '/adduser', name: 'AddUser', component: SignupFormComponent }
])
//same as before...

import { Control, ControlGroup, Validators, FormBuilder } from '@angular/common';

form: ControlGroup;
 
constructor(formBuilder: FormBuilder) {
    this.form = formBuilder.group({
        name: ['', Validators.required],
        email: ['', Validators.required],
        password: ['', Validators.required]
    });
}

import { Control } from '@angular/common';
 
export class UsernameValidators {
    static cannotContainSpace(control: Control) {
        if (control.value.indexOf(' ') >= 0) {
            return { cannotContainSpace: true };
        }
        return null;
    }
}

 { required:true }

{
  minlength : {
     requiredLength : 3,
     actualLength : 1
  }
}

 import { UsernameValidators } from './usernameValidators';

 name: ['', Validators.compose([Validators.required, UsernameValidators.cannotContainSpace])],

<div class="form-group">
    <label form="name">Username</label>
    <input id="name" type="text" class="form-control"
           ngControl="name"
           #name="ngForm" />
    <div *ngIf="name.touched && name.errors">
        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="name.errors.required">
            Username is required.
        </label>
        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="name.errors.cannotContainSpace">
            Username can't contain space.
        </label>
    </div>
</div>

import {Control} from '@angular/common';
 
export class EmailValidators {
    static email(control: Control) {
        var regEx = /^(([^<>()\[\]\\.,;:\s@"]+(\.[^<>()\[\]\\.,;:\s@"]+)*)|(".+"))@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}])|(([a-zA-Z\-0-9]+\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,}))$/;
        var valid = regEx.test(control.value);
        return valid ? null : { email: true };
    }
}

 control(value: Object, validator?: ValidatorFn, asyncValidator?: AsyncValidatorFn) : Control

nameShouldBeUnique(control: Control) {
    let name: string = control.value;
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
        this._userService.isUserNameUnique(<IUser>{ "name": name }).subscribe(
            (result: IResult) => {
                resolve(                    
                    result.result ? null : { 'nameShouldBeUnique': true }
                );
            },
            error => {
                resolve(null);
            }
        );
    });
}

this.form = _formBuilder.group({
    name: ['', Validators.compose([
        Validators.required,
        UsernameValidators.cannotContainSpace
    ]),
        (control: Control) => this.nameShouldBeUnique(control)],

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Http, Response } from '@angular/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import { Headers, RequestOptions } from '@angular/http';
import { IUser } from  './user';
import { IResult } from './result';
 
@Injectable()
export class UserService {
    private _checkUserUrl = '/home/checkUser';
 
    constructor(private _http: Http) { }
 
    private handleError(error: Response) {
        console.error(error);
        return Observable.throw(error.json().error || 'Server error');
    }
 
    isUserNameUnique(user: IUser): Observable<IResult> {
        let headers = new Headers({ 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }); // for ASP.NET MVC
        let options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });
 
        return this._http.post(this._checkUserUrl, JSON.stringify(user), options)
            .map((response: Response) => <IResult>response.json())
            .do(data => console.log("User: " + JSON.stringify(data)))
            .catch(this.handleError);
    }
}

export interface IResult {
    result: boolean;
}

namespace MVC5Angular2.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult CheckUser(User user)
        {
            var isUnique = new { result = true };
            if (user.Name?.Equals("Vahid", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ?? false)
            {
                isUnique = new { result = false };
            }
 
            return new ContentResult
            {
                Content = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(isUnique, new JsonSerializerSettings
                {
                    ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver()
                }),
                ContentType = "application/json",
                ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8
            };
        }
    }
}

@Component({
    selector: 'signup-form',
    templateUrl: 'app/users/signup-form.component.html',
    providers: [ UserService ]
})
export class SignupFormComponent {
 
    constructor(private _formBuilder: FormBuilder, private _userService: UserService) {

<div *ngIf="name.touched && name.errors">
    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="name.errors.required">
        Username is required.
    </label>
    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="name.errors.cannotContainSpace">
        Username can't contain space.
    </label>
    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="name.errors.nameShouldBeUnique">
        This username is already taken.
    </label>
</div>

<input id="name" type="text" class="form-control"
       ngControl="name"
       #name="ngForm" />
<div *ngIf="name.control.pending">
    Checking server, Please wait ...
</div>

onSubmit(): void {
    console.log(this.form.value);
 
    this.form.find('name').setErrors({
        invalidData : true
    }); 
}

<div *ngIf="name.touched && name.errors">
    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="name.errors.invalidData">
        Check the inputs....
    </label>
</div>

  { name="VahidN", email="email@site.com", password="123"}

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Http, Response } from '@angular/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import { Headers, RequestOptions } from '@angular/http';
import { IUser } from  './user';
import { IResult } from './result';
 
@Injectable()
export class UserService {
    private _addUserUrl = '/home/addUser';
 
    constructor(private _http: Http) { }
 
    private handleError(error: Response) {
        console.error(error);
        return Observable.throw(error.json().error || 'Server error');
    }
 
    addUser(user: IUser): Observable<IUser> {
        let headers = new Headers({ 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }); // for ASP.NET MVC
        let options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });
 
        return this._http.post(this._addUserUrl, JSON.stringify(user), options)
            .map((response: Response) => <IUser>response.json())
            .do(data => console.log("User: " + JSON.stringify(data)))
            .catch(this.handleError);
    }
}

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult AddUser(User user)
{
    user.Id = 1; //todo: save user and get id from db
 
    return new ContentResult
    {
        Content = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(user, new JsonSerializerSettings
        {
            ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver()
        }),
        ContentType = "application/json",
        ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8
    };
}

onSubmit(): void {
    console.log(this.form.value);
 
    /*this.form.find('name').setErrors({
            invalidData : true
        });*/
 
    this._userService.addUser(<IUser>this.form.value)
        .subscribe((user: IUser) => {
            console.log(`ID: ${user.id}`);
        });
}

    public class AppMutation : ObjectGraphType
    {
        public AppMutation(IOwnerRepository repository)
        {
            ...
            // Update
            Field<OwnerType>(
                "updateOwner",
                arguments: new QueryArguments(
                    new QueryArgument<NonNullGraphType<OwnerInputType>> { Name = "owner" },
                    new QueryArgument<NonNullGraphType<IdGraphType>> { Name = "ownerId" }),
                resolve: context =>
                {
                    var owner = context.GetArgument<Owner>("owner");
                    var ownerId = context.GetArgument<Guid>("ownerId");

                    var dbOwner = repository.GetById(ownerId);
                    if (dbOwner == null)
                    {
                        context.Errors.Add(new ExecutionError("Couldn't find owner in db."));
                        return null;
                    }

                    return repository.UpdateOwner(dbOwner, owner);
                }
            );

        }
    }

{
  "owner":{
    "name":"Andy Madaidan",
    "address":"Address - User 1"
  },
  "ownerId": "53270061-3ba1-4aa6-b937-1f6bc57d04d2"
}

dotnet new blazor --interactivity None

@page "/ssr-page/{Data:int}"

<PageTitle>An SSR component</PageTitle>

<h1>An SSR component rendered by a Minimal-API!</h1>

<div>
    Data: @Data
</div>

@code {

    [Parameter]
    public int Data { get; set; }

}

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// ...

builder.Services.AddRazorComponents();

// ...

// http://localhost:5227/ssr-component?data=2
// or it can be called directly http://localhost:5227/ssr-page/2
app.MapGet("/ssr-component",
           (int data = 1) =>
           {
               var parameters = new Dictionary<string, object?>
                                {
                                    { nameof(SsrTest.Data), data },
                                };
               return new RazorComponentResult<SsrTest>(parameters);
           });

app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseAntiforgery();

app.MapRazorComponents<App>();
app.Run();

// ...

<LayoutView Layout="@typeof(MainLayout)">
    <PageTitle>Home</PageTitle>

    <h2>Welcome to your new app.</h2>
</LayoutView>

// ...

builder.Services.AddRazorComponents()
       .AddInteractiveServerComponents();

// ...

app.MapRazorComponents<App>().AddInteractiveServerRenderMode();

// ...

<script src="_framework/blazor.web.js"></script>

@rendermode InteractiveServer

<h1>Counter</h1>

<p role="status">Current count: @_currentCount</p>

<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="IncrementCount">Click me</button>

@code {
    private int _currentCount;

    private void IncrementCount()
    {
        _currentCount++;
    }

}

// http://localhost:5227/server-interactive-component
app.MapGet("/server-interactive-component", () => new RazorComponentResult<Counter>());

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Interactive server component</title>
    <base href="/"/>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>Interactive server component</h1>

   <Counter/>

  <script src="_framework/blazor.web.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

// http://localhost:5227/server-interactive-component
app.MapGet("/server-interactive-component", () => new RazorComponentResult<CounterInteractive>());

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web;

namespace WebApi8x.Services;

public class BlazorStaticRendererService
{
    private readonly HtmlRenderer _htmlRenderer;

    public BlazorStaticRendererService(HtmlRenderer htmlRenderer) => _htmlRenderer = htmlRenderer;

    public Task<string> StaticRenderComponentAsync<T>() where T : IComponent
        => RenderComponentAsync<T>(ParameterView.Empty);

    public Task<string> StaticRenderComponentAsync<T>(Dictionary<string, object?> dictionary) where T : IComponent
        => RenderComponentAsync<T>(ParameterView.FromDictionary(dictionary));

    private Task<string> RenderComponentAsync<T>(ParameterView parameters) where T : IComponent =>
        _htmlRenderer.Dispatcher.InvokeAsync(async () =>
                                             {
                                                 var output = await _htmlRenderer.RenderComponentAsync<T>(parameters);
                                                 return output.ToHtmlString();
                                             });
}

builder.Services.AddScoped<HtmlRenderer>();
builder.Services.AddScoped<BlazorStaticRendererService>();

app.MapGet("/static-renderer-service-test",
           async (BlazorStaticRendererService renderer, int data = 1) =>
           {
               var parameters = new Dictionary<string, object?>
                                {
                                    { nameof(SsrTest.Data), data },
                                };
               var html = await renderer.StaticRenderComponentAsync<SsrTest>(parameters);
               return Results.Content(html, "text/html");
           });

using System;

namespace TestUsing
{
    public class MyResource : IDisposable
    {
        public void DoWork()
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("A");
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("B");
        }
    }

    public static class TestClass
    {
        public static void Test()
        {
            using (MyResource r = new MyResource())
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("C");
                r.DoWork();
            }
        }
    }
}

try
{
     TestClass.Test();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}

using (var pdfDoc = new Document(PageSize.A4))  
{  
   //todo: ...
}

using System;

namespace Guard
{
    public static class SafeUsing
    {
        public static void SafeUsingBlock<TDisposable>(this TDisposable disposable, Action<TDisposable> action)
            where TDisposable : IDisposable
        {
            disposable.SafeUsingBlock(action, d => d);
        }

        internal static void SafeUsingBlock<TDisposable, T>(this TDisposable disposable, Action<T> action, Func<TDisposable, T> unwrapper)
            where TDisposable : IDisposable
        {
            try
            {
                action(unwrapper(disposable));
            }
            catch (Exception actionException)
            {
                try
                {
                    disposable.Dispose();
                }
                catch (Exception disposeException)
                {
                    throw new AggregateException(actionException, disposeException);
                }

                throw;
            }

            disposable.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

new Document(PageSize.A4).SafeUsingBlock(pdfDoc =>
{
  //todo: ...
});