{
    "dependencies": {
      //same as before  
      "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc": "1.0.0"
 },

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddMvc();

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
   app.UseFileServer();
   app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();

namespace Core1RtmEmptyTest.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController
    {
        public string Index()
        {
            return "Running a POCO controller!";
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
 
namespace Core1RtmEmptyTest.Controllers
{
    public class AboutController : Controller
    {
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return Content("Hello from DNT!");
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
 
namespace Core1RtmEmptyTest.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController
    {
        [ActionContext]
        public ActionContext ActionContext { get; set; }
 
        public HttpContext HttpContext => ActionContext.HttpContext;
 
        public string Index()
        {
            return "Running a POCO controller!";
        }
 
        public IActionResult About()
        {
            return new ContentResult
            {
                Content = "Hello from DNT!",
                ContentType = "text/plain; charset=utf-8"
            };
        }
    }
}

What’s new in C# 12 and beyond | BRK203H

#MSBuild
Take a tour of upcoming language features in C#. While still very much in the works, C# 12 is starting to take shape. We touch on some of the longer-term work that the language design team is focused on. 

        public override string[] GetRolesForUser(string username)
        {
            var cacheKey = string.Format("{0}:{1}", username, ApplicationName);
            var cache = HttpContext.Current.Cache;
            var roles = cache[cacheKey] as string[];
            if (null == roles)
            {              
                using (var db = new Uas3Context())
                {
                    var u = new EfStudentService(db);
                    roles=u.GetUserRoles(username);
                    cache.Insert(cacheKey, roles, null, Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration, Cache.NoSlidingExpiration);                    
                }
            }
            return roles;
        }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace PWS.UI.Handler
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for PhotoHandler
    /// </summary>
    public class PhotoHandler : IHttpHandler
    {

        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
            context.Response.Write("Hello World");
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;

namespace PWS.UI.Handler
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for PhotoHandler
    /// </summary>
    public class PhotoHandler : IHttpHandler
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// بازیابی تصویر اصلی از بانک اطلاعاتی
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="photoId">کد تصویر</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private byte[] GetImageFromDatabase(int photoId)
        {
            using (var connection = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString"))
            {
                using (var command = new SqlCommand("Select Photo From tblPhotos Where Id = @PhotoId", connection))
                {
                    command.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@PhotoId", photoId));
                    connection.Open();
                    var result = command.ExecuteScalar();
                    return ((byte[])result);
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// بازیابی فایل از دیسک
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="photoId">با فرض اینکه نام فایل این است</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private byte[] GetImageFromDisk(string photoId /* or somting */)
        {
                using (var sourceStream = new FileStream("Original File Path + id", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    return StreamToByteArray(sourceStream);
                }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Streams to byte array.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputStream">The input stream.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException"></exception>
        static byte[] StreamToByteArray(Stream inputStream)
        {
            if (!inputStream.CanRead)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException();
            }

            // This is optional
            if (inputStream.CanSeek)
            {
                inputStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            }

            var output = new byte[inputStream.Length];
            int bytesRead = inputStream.Read(output, 0, output.Length);
            Debug.Assert(bytesRead == output.Length, "Bytes read from stream matches stream length");
            return output;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Enables processing of HTTP Web requests by a custom HttpHandler that implements the <see cref="T:System.Web.IHttpHandler" /> interface.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context">An <see cref="T:System.Web.HttpContext" /> object that provides references to the intrinsic server objects (for example, Request, Response, Session, and Server) used to service HTTP requests.</param>
        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            // Set up the response settings
            context.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
            context.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.Public);
            context.Response.BufferOutput = false;

            // مرحله اول
            int size = 0;
            switch (context.Request.QueryString["Size"])
            {
                case "S":
                    size = 100; //100px
                    break;
                case "M":
                    size = 198; //198px
                    break;
                case "L":
                    size = 500; //500px
                    break;
            }
            byte[] changedImage;
            var id = Convert.ToInt32(context.Request.QueryString["PhotoId"]);
            byte[] sourceImage = GetImageFromDatabase(id);
            // یا
            //byte[] sourceImage = GetImageFromDisk(id.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));

            //مرحله 2
            if (size != 0)  //غیر از حالت واقعی تصویر
            {
                changedImage = Helpers.ResizeImageFile(sourceImage, size, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
            }
            else
            {
                changedImage = (byte[])sourceImage.Clone();
            }

            // مرحله 3
            if (changedImage == null) return;
            context.Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", changedImage.Length.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
            context.Response.BinaryWrite(changedImage);
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

PhotoHandler.ashx?PhotoId=10&Size=S

مانند

<img src='PhotoHandler.ashx?PhotoId=10&Size=S' alt='تصویر ازمایشی' />

• struct: نوع آرگومان ارسالی باید value-type باشد؛ بجز مقادیر غیر NULL.

class C<T> where T : struct {} // value type

• class: نوع آرگومان ارسالی باید reference-type (کلاس، اینترفیس، عامل، آرایه) باشد.

class D<T> where T : class {} // reference type

• ()new: آرگومان ارسالی باید یک سازنده عمومی بدون پارامتر باشد. وقتی این محدوده کننده را با سایر محدود کننده‌ها به صورت همزمان استفاده می‌کنید، این محدوده کننده باید در آخر ذکر شود.

class H<T> where T : new() {} // no parameter constructor

public void MyMethod< T >()
       where T : IComparable, MyBaseClass, new ()
{
  ...
}

• <base class name>: نوع آرگومان ارسالی باید از کلاس ذکر شده یا کلاس مشتق شده آن باشد.

class B {}
class E<T> where T : B {} // be/derive from base class

• <interface name>: نوع آرگومان ارسالی باید اینترفیس ذکر شده یا پیاده ساز آن اینترفیس باشد.

interface I {}
class G<T> where T : I {} // be/implement interface

• U: نوع آرگومان ارسالی باید از نوع یا مشتق شده U باشد.

class F<T, U> where T : U {} // be/derive from U

1. Runtime casting
2. استفاده از محدود کننده‌ها

export class MovieComponent {

  @Input() movie: Movie;

}

Error! Property movie has no initializer and is not assigned directly in the constructor.

@Input() movie: Movie | null = null;

class C {
    baz: boolean | undefined;
}

class C {
    bar = "hello";
}

class C {
    foo!: number;

    ngOnInit() {
        this.foo = 0;
    }
}

C# tip: String.IsNullOrEmpty or String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace?  

//So we have:

String.IsNullOrEmpty(""); //True
String.IsNullOrEmpty(null); //True
String.IsNullOrEmpty("   "); //False
String.IsNullOrEmpty("\n"); //False
String.IsNullOrEmpty("\t"); //False
String.IsNullOrEmpty("hello"); //False

//but also

String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace("");//True
String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(null);//True
String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace("   ");//True
String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace("\n");//True
String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace("\t");//True
String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace("hello");//False