namespace BlazorDemoApp.Models;

public record Product
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public required string Title { get; set; }
    public required string Description { get; set; }
    public decimal Price { get; set; }

    public List<int> Related { get; set; } = new();
}

using BlazorDemoApp.Models;

namespace BlazorDemoApp.Services;

public interface IProductStore
{
    IList<Product> GetAllProducts();
    Product GetProduct(int id);
    IList<Product> GetRelatedProducts(int productId);
}

public class ProductStore : IProductStore
{
    private static readonly List<Product> ProductsDataSource =
        new()
        {
            new Product
            {
                Id = 1, Title = "Smart speaker", Price = 22m,
                Description =
                    "This smart speaker delivers excellent sound quality and comes with built-in voice control, offering an impressive music listening experience.",
                Related = new List<int> { 2, 3 },
            },
            new Product
            {
                Id = 2, Title = "Regular speaker", Price = 89m,
                Description =
                    "Enjoy room-filling sound with this regular speaker. With its slick design, it perfectly fits into any room in your house.",
                Related = new List<int> { 1, 3 },
            },
            new Product
            {
                Id = 3, Title = "Speaker cable", Price = 12m,
                Description =
                    "This high-quality speaker cable ensures a reliable and clear audio connection for your sound system.",
            },
        };

    public IList<Product> GetAllProducts() => ProductsDataSource;

    public Product GetProduct(int id) => ProductsDataSource.Single(p => p.Id == id);

    public IList<Product> GetRelatedProducts(int productId)
    {
        var product = ProductsDataSource.Single(x => x.Id == productId);
        return ProductsDataSource.Where(p => product.Related.Contains(p.Id)).ToList();
    }
}

builder.Services.AddScoped<IProductStore, ProductStore>();

@page "/Products"
@using BlazorDemoApp.Models
@using BlazorDemoApp.Services

@inject IProductStore Store

@attribute [StreamRendering]

<h3>Products</h3>

@if (_products == null)
{
    <p>Loading...</p>
}
else
{
    @foreach (var item in _products)
    {
        <a href="/ProductDetails/@item.Id">
            <div>
                <div>
                    <h5>@item.Title</h5>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <h5>@item.Price.ToString("c")</h5>
                </div>
            </div>
        </a>
    }
}

@code {
    private IList<Product>? _products;

    protected override Task OnInitializedAsync() => GetProductsAsync();

    private async Task GetProductsAsync()
    {
        await Task.Delay(1000); // Simulates asynchronous loading to demonstrate streaming rendering
        _products = Store.GetAllProducts();
    }

}

@page "/ProductDetails/{ProductId}"
@using BlazorDemoApp.Models
@using BlazorDemoApp.Services

@inject IProductStore Store

@attribute [StreamRendering]

@if (_product == null)
{
    <p>Loading...</p>
}
else
{
    <div>
        <div>
            <h5>
                @_product.Title (@_product.Price.ToString("C"))
            </h5>
            <p>
                @_product.Description
            </p>
        </div>
        @if (_product.Related.Count > 0)
        {
            <div>
                <RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" />
            </div>
        }
    </div>
    <NavLink href="/Products">Back</NavLink>
}

@code {
    private Product? _product;

    [Parameter]
    public string? ProductId { get; set; }

    protected override Task OnInitializedAsync() => GetProductAsync();

    private async Task GetProductAsync()
    {
        await Task.Delay(1000); // Simulates asynchronous loading to demonstrate streaming rendering
        _product = Store.GetProduct(Convert.ToInt32(ProductId));
    }

}

<RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" />

@using BlazorDemoApp.Models
@using BlazorDemoApp.Services
@inject IProductStore Store

<button @onclick="LoadRelatedProducts">Related products</button>

@if (_loadRelatedProducts)
{
    @if (_relatedProducts == null)
    {
        <p>Loading...</p>
    }
    else
    {
        <div>
            @foreach (var item in _relatedProducts)
            {
                <a href="/ProductDetails/@item.Id">
                    <div>
                        <h5>@item.Title (@item.Price.ToString("C"))</h5>
                    </div>
                </a>
            }
        </div>
    }
}

@code{

    private IList<Product>? _relatedProducts;
    private bool _loadRelatedProducts;

    [Parameter]
    public int ProductId { get; set; }

    private async Task LoadRelatedProducts()
    {
        _loadRelatedProducts = true;
        await Task.Delay(1000); // Simulates asynchronous loading to demonstrate InteractiveServer mode
        _relatedProducts = Store.GetRelatedProducts(ProductId);
    }

}

<RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" @rendermode="@InteractiveServer"/>

<script src="_framework/blazor.web.js"></script>

<RelatedProducts ProductId="Convert.ToInt32(ProductId)" @rendermode="@(new InteractiveServerRenderMode(false))"/>

@using static Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web.RenderMode

public static class RenderMode
  {
    public static InteractiveServerRenderMode InteractiveServer { get; } = new InteractiveServerRenderMode();

    public static InteractiveWebAssemblyRenderMode InteractiveWebAssembly { get; } = new InteractiveWebAssemblyRenderMode();

    public static InteractiveAutoRenderMode InteractiveAuto { get; } = new InteractiveAutoRenderMode();
  }


public class InteractiveServerRenderMode : IComponentRenderMode
  {
    public InteractiveServerRenderMode()
      : this(true)
    {
    }

    public InteractiveServerRenderMode(bool prerender) => this.Prerender = prerender;

    public bool Prerender { get; }
  }

dotnet workload install wasm-tools

<PropertyGroup>
  <RunAOTCompilation>true</RunAOTCompilation>
</PropertyGroup>

 sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade -y
sudo apt-get install apache2

 sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-mono mono-apache-server4

 sudo gedit /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

 MonoAutoApplication disabled
AddHandler mono .aspx .ascx .asax .ashx .config .cs .asmx .axd
MonoApplications "/:/var/www"
MonoServerPath default "/usr/bin/mod-mono-server4"

 SetHandler mono
DirectoryIndex index.aspx index.html default.aspx Default.aspx

 <DirectoryMatch "/([bB]in|[Aa]pp_[Cc]ode|[Aa]pp_[Dd]ata|[Aa]pp_[Gg]lobal[Rr]esources|[Aa]pp_[Ll]ocal[Rr]esources)/">
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
</DirectoryMatch>

 sudo service apache2 restart

 # r,w,exec for user + group
sudo chgrp -R www-data /var/www
sudo chown -R www-data /var/www
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www

 gedit /var/www/index.html

 sudo nautilus

 sudo gedit /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

 AddMonoApplications default "/webforms_test:/var/www/WebFormsApp/"
<Location /webforms_test>
SetHandler mono
</Location>

 AddMonoApplications default "/mvc_test:/var/www/Mvc4ProjectApp/"
<Location /mvc_test>
SetHandler mono
</Location>

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        MonoAutoApplication disabled
        AddHandler mono .aspx .ascx .asax .ashx .config .cs .asmx .axd
        MonoApplications "/:/var/www"
        MonoServerPath default "/usr/bin/mod-mono-server4"

DocumentRoot "/var/www"
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
                SetHandler mono
                DirectoryIndex index.aspx index.html default.aspx Default.aspx
Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all                
</Directory>

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

        <DirectoryMatch "/([bB]in|[Aa]pp_[Cc]ode|[Aa]pp_[Dd]ata|[Aa]pp_[Gg]lobal[Rr]esources|[Aa]pp_[Ll]ocal[Rr]esources)/">
          Order deny,allow
          Deny from all
        </DirectoryMatch>

        AddMonoApplications default "/webforms_test:/var/www/WebFormsApp/"
        <Location /webforms_test> 
         SetHandler mono
        </Location>

       AddMonoApplications default "/mvc_test:/var/www/Mvc4ProjectApp/"
        <Location /mvc_test> 
         SetHandler mono
        </Location>

ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn

CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

 PM> Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR

 PM> Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Owin
PM> Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Hosting -Pre
PM> Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Host.HttpListener -Pre

using System;
using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Hubs;
using Microsoft.Owin.Hosting;
using Owin;

namespace SignalR02.ConsoleHost
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            app.MapHubs(new HubConfiguration { EnableCrossDomain = true });
        }
    }

    [HubName("chat")]
    public class ChatHub : Hub
    {
        public void SendMessage(string message)
        {
            var msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}", Context.ConnectionId, message);
            Clients.All.hello(msg);
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (WebApplication.Start<Startup>("http://localhost:1073/"))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Press a key to terminate the server...");
                Console.Read();
            }
        }
    }
}

dotnet new blazor --interactivity Server

dotnet new blazor --interactivity WebAssembly

dotnet new blazor --interactivity Auto

dotnet new blazor --interactivity None

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddRazorComponents().AddInteractiveServerComponents();

var app = builder.Build();

if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error", createScopeForErrors: true);
    app.UseHsts();
}

app.UseHttpsRedirection();

app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseAntiforgery();

app.MapRazorComponents<App>().AddInteractiveServerRenderMode();

app.Run();

@page "/counter"
@rendermode InteractiveServer

<PageTitle>Counter</PageTitle>

<h1>Counter</h1>

<p role="status">Current count: @currentCount</p>
<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="IncrementCount">Click me</button>

@code {
    private int currentCount = 0;

    private void IncrementCount()
    {
        currentCount++;
    }
}

@rendermode InteractiveServerRenderModeWithoutPrerendering

@code{
  static readonly IComponentRenderMode InteractiveServerRenderModeWithoutPrerendering = 
        new InteractiveServerRenderMode(false);
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <base href="/" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="MyApp.styles.css" />
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="favicon.png" />
    <HeadOutlet />
</head>

<body>
    <Routes />
    <script src="_framework/blazor.web.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

<HeadOutlet @rendermode="@InteractiveServer" />
...
<Routes @rendermode="@InteractiveServer" />

@page "/weather"
@attribute [StreamRendering(prerender: true)]

<PageTitle>Weather</PageTitle>

<h1>Weather</h1>

<p>This component demonstrates showing data.</p>

@if (_forecasts == null)
{
    <p>
        <em>Loading...</em>
    </p>
}
else
{
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>Date</th>
            <th>Temp. (C)</th>
            <th>Temp. (F)</th>
            <th>Summary</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        @foreach (var forecast in _forecasts)
        {
            <tr>
                <td>@forecast.Date.ToShortDateString()</td>
                <td>@forecast.TemperatureC</td>
                <td>@forecast.TemperatureF</td>
                <td>@forecast.Summary</td>
            </tr>
        }
        </tbody>
    </table>
}

@code {
    private List<WeatherForecast>? _forecasts;

    protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
    {
    // Simulate asynchronous loading to demonstrate streaming rendering
        await Task.Delay(500);

        var startDate = DateOnly.FromDateTime(DateTime.Now);
        var summaries = new[]
                        {
                            "Freezing",
                            "Bracing",
                            "Chilly",
                            "Cool",
                            "Mild",
                            "Warm",
                            "Balmy",
                            "Hot",
                            "Sweltering",
                            "Scorching",
                        };
        _forecasts = GetWeatherForecasts(startDate, summaries).ToList();
        StateHasChanged();

    // Simulate asynchronous loading to demonstrate streaming rendering
        await Task.Delay(1000);
        _forecasts.AddRange(GetWeatherForecasts(startDate, summaries));
        StateHasChanged();

        await Task.Delay(1000);
        _forecasts.AddRange(GetWeatherForecasts(startDate, summaries));
    }

    private static IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> GetWeatherForecasts(DateOnly startDate, string[] summaries)
    {
        return Enumerable.Range(1, 5)
                         .Select(index => new WeatherForecast
                                          {
                                              Date = startDate.AddDays(index),
                                              TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
                                              Summary = summaries[Random.Shared.Next(summaries.Length)],
                                          });
    }

    private class WeatherForecast
    {
        public DateOnly Date { get; set; }
        public int TemperatureC { get; set; }
        public string? Summary { get; set; }
        public int TemperatureF => 32 + (int)(TemperatureC / 0.5556);
    }

}

@using static Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web.RenderMode

@attribute [RenderModeInteractiveServer]

@rendermode InteractiveServer

@rendermode renderMode

@code {
    static IComponentRenderMode renderMode = new InteractiveWebAssemblyRenderMode(prerender: false);
}

• محیط برنامه نویسی قدرتمند
  
• هسته اصلی  کد‌های همه اپلیکیشن‌ها  تولید شده شبیه به هم است
  
• نیازی به یادگیری زبان‌های مربوط به هر پلتفرم را ندارید
  
• کم هزینه و زمان کمتر
  
• طراحی رابط گرافیکی سریع و منعطف به کمک HTML5 , CSS3 
  
• برنامه نویسی آسان و سریع با javascript , Typescript
  
• قابلیت اجرا بر روی چندین پلتفرم مختلف(Android,iOS,Widnows Phone )
  
• قابلیت استفاده از فریم‌ورکهای تحت وب مانند Bootstrap , Angular JS, ...
  
• قابلیت طراحی پلاگین برای ارتباط با سیستم عامل
  
• مناسب برای برای برنامه‌های چت و استفاد از وب سرویس‌ها
  
• مناسب برای ساخت بازیهای آنلاین و آفلاین با تکنولوژی‌های تحت وب
  
• راحتی کار با آن برای برنامه نویسان تحت وب 
  

• نداشتن ابزار گزارش خطاهای مناسب؛ درنتیجه برطرف کردن خطاها خسته کننده خواهد بود .
  
• UI, UX اپلیکیشن‌ها باید به نحوی باشد که کاربر حس کند با نرم‌افزارهای بومی گوشی کار می‌کند.
  
• کاهش سرعت اجرایی جزئی نسبت به سایر برنامه‌ها (به دلیل استفاده از WebView)
  
• عدم دسترسی مستقیم به سیستم عامل و امکانات آن 
  

1. node.js را از لینک مقابل دانلود کنید:  اینجا  (پیشنهاد می‌کنیم نسخه‌ی x86 آن را نصب کنید)
   
2. Google Chrome را نصب کنید
   
3. Git Command Line Tools را نصب کنید و توجه کنید که در هنگام نصب، گزینه مربوط به افزودن Git را به مسیر  Command Prompt  شما، انتخاب کرده باشید.
   
4. Apchage Ant را  دانلود  و در مسیری از سیستم خودتان قرار دهید. 
   
5. Java JDK 7 x86 را از لینک مشخص شده دانلود کنید و سپس عملیات نصب را انجام دهید.
   
6. Android SDK را از آدرس مشحص شده دانلود کنید. پکیچ‌های مورد نیاز، به این SDK افزوده شده است. بعد از دانلود آن را در مسیری از سیستم خود قرار دهید.
   
7. Apple iTunes و  SQLite را دانلود و نصب کنید.
   
8. اگر از ویندوز 7 استفاده می‌کنید ، WebSocket4Net را از لینک مقابل دانلود کنید ( اینجا ) و سپس  فایل net45\Release\WebSocket4Net.dll  در مسیر زیر کپی کنید:
   

using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async05
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var res = doSomethingAsync().Result;
        }

        static async Task<int> doSomethingAsync()
        {
            await Task.Delay(1);
            return 1;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async05
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var task = showTitlesAsync(new[]
            {
                "http://www.google.com",
                "https://www.dntips.ir"
            });
            task.Wait();

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static async Task showTitlesAsync(IEnumerable<string> urls)
        {
            foreach (var url in urls)
            {
                var title = await getTitleAsync(url);
                Console.WriteLine(title);
            }
        }

        static async Task<string> getTitleAsync(string url)
        {
            var data = await new WebClient().DownloadStringTaskAsync(url);
            return getTitle(data);
        }

        private static string getTitle(string data)
        {
            const string patternTitle = @"(?s)<title>(.+?)</title>";
            var regex = new Regex(patternTitle);
            var mc = regex.Match(data);
            return mc.Groups.Count == 2 ? mc.Groups[1].Value.Trim() : string.Empty;
        }
    }
}

        static async Task showTitlesAsync(IEnumerable<string> urls)
        {
            foreach (var url in urls)
            {
                try
                {
                    var title = await getTitleAsync(url);
                    Console.WriteLine(title);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex);
                }
            }
        }

 System.Net.WebException: The remote server returned an error: (502) Bad Gateway.
System.Net.WebException: The remote server returned an error: (502) Bad Gateway.

Press any key to exit...

public async Task<double> GetSum2Async()
        {
            try
            {
                var task1 = GetNumberAsync();
                var task2 = GetNumberAsync();

                var compositeTask = Task.WhenAll(task1, task2);
                await compositeTask.ContinueWith(x => { });

                return compositeTask.Result[0] + compositeTask.Result[1];
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //todo: log ex
                throw;
            }
        }

        public async Task<double> GetSumAsync()
        {
            var leftOperand = await GetNumberAsync();
            var rightOperand = await GetNumberAsync();

            return leftOperand + rightOperand;
        }

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Test2();
            Test();
            Console.ReadLine();

            GC.Collect();
            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        public static async Task Test()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }

        public static async void Test2()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }
    }
}

 Warning  1  Because this call is not awaited, execution of the current method continues before the call is completed.
Consider applying the 'await' operator to the result of the call.

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException += TaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException;

            //Test2();
            Test();
            Console.ReadLine();

            GC.Collect();
            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        private static void TaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException(object sender, UnobservedTaskExceptionEventArgs e)
        {
            e.SetObserved();
            Console.WriteLine(e.Exception);
        }

        public static async Task Test()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }

        public static async void Test2()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }
    }
}

Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { throw new Exception(); });

Thread.Sleep(100);
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

 <configuration>
    <runtime>
      <ThrowUnobservedTaskExceptions enabled="true"/>
    </runtime>
</configuration>

protected override void LoadState(Object navigationParameter, Dictionary<String, Object> pageState)
{
    try
    {
        ClickMeButton.Tapped += async (sender, args) =>
        {
             throw new Exception();        

        };
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // This won’t catch exceptions!
        TextBlock1.Text = ex.Message;
    }
}

 public delegate void TappedEventHandler(object sender, TappedRoutedEventArgs e);

using System;

namespace AccessViolationExceptionSample
{
    class Program
    {
        private static unsafe void AccessViolation()
        {
            byte b = *(byte*)(8762765876);
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                AccessViolation();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

   [HandleProcessCorruptedStateExceptions]
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <runtime>
     <legacyCorruptedStateExceptionsPolicy enabled="true" />
  </runtime>
</configuration>