using System;

namespace Pivot.Sample1
{
    public class Expense
    {
        public DateTime Date { set; get; }
        public string Department { set; get; }
        public decimal Expenses { set; get; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Pivot.Sample1
{
    public class ExpenseDataSource
    {
        public static IList<Expense> ExpensesDataSource()
        {
            return new List<Expense>
            {
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,11,1), Department = "Computer", Expenses = 100 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,11,1), Department = "Math", Expenses = 200 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,11,1), Department = "Physics", Expenses = 150 },

                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,10,1), Department = "Computer", Expenses = 75 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,10,1), Department = "Math", Expenses = 150 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,10,1), Department = "Physics", Expenses = 130 },

                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,9,1), Department = "Computer", Expenses = 90 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,9,1), Department = "Math", Expenses = 95 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,9,1), Department = "Physics", Expenses = 100 }
            };
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;

namespace Pivot.Sample1
{
    public class PivotTable
    {
        public static IList ExpensesCrossTab()
        {
            return ExpenseDataSource
                        .ExpensesDataSource()
                        .GroupBy(t =>
                                   new
                                   {
                                       Year = t.Date.Year,
                                       Month = t.Date.Month
                                   })
                        .Select(myGroup =>
                                   new
                                   {
                                       //Year = myGroup.Key.Year,
                                       Month = myGroup.Key.Month,
                                       ComputerDepartment = myGroup.Where(x => x.Department == "Computer").Sum(x => x.Expenses),
                                       MathDepartment = myGroup.Where(x => x.Department == "Math").Sum(x => x.Expenses),
                                       PhysicsDepartment = myGroup.Where(x => x.Department == "Physics").Sum(x => x.Expenses)
                                   })
                        .ToList();
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace Pivot.Sample2
{
    public class StudentStat
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }
        public DateTime Date { set; get; }
        public bool IsPresent { set; get; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Pivot.Sample2
{
    public class StudentsStatDataSource
    {
        public static IList<StudentStat> CreateMonthlyReportDataSource()
        {
            var result = new List<StudentStat>();
            var rnd = new Random();

            for (int day = 1; day < 6; day++)
            {
                for (int student = 1; student < 6; student++)
                {
                    result.Add(new StudentStat
                    {
                        Id = student,
                        Date = new DateTime(2011, 11, day),
                        IsPresent = rnd.Next(-1, 1) == 0 ? true : false,
                        Name = "student " + student
                    });
                }
            }

            return result;
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;

namespace Pivot.Sample2
{
    public class PivotTable
    {
        public static IList StudentsStatCrossTab()
        {
            return StudentsStatDataSource
                        .CreateWeeklyReportDataSource()
                        .GroupBy(x =>
                                  new
                                  {
                                      x.Id
                                  })
                        .Select(myGroup =>
                                  new
                                  {
                                      myGroup.Key.Id,
                                      Name = myGroup.First().Name,
                                      Day1IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 1).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day2IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 2).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day3IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 3).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day4IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 4).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day5IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 5).First().IsPresent,
                                      PresentsCount = myGroup.Where(x => x.IsPresent).Count(),
                                      AbsentsCount = myGroup.Where(x => !x.IsPresent).Count()
                                  })
                        .ToList();
        }
    }
}

Lazy<ExpensiveResource> ownedResource = new Lazy<ExpensiveResource>();

public Lazy(bool isThreadSafe);
public Lazy(Func<T> valueFactory, bool isThreadSafe);

using System;
using System.Threading;

namespace LazyExample
{
 class Program
 {
     static void Main()
     {
         Console.WriteLine("Before assignment");
         var slow = new Lazy<Slow>();
         Console.WriteLine("After assignment");

         Thread.Sleep(1000);

         Console.WriteLine(slow);
         Console.WriteLine(slow.Value);

         Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
         Console.Read();
     }
 }


 class Slow
 {
     public Slow()
     {
         Console.WriteLine("Start creation");
         Thread.Sleep(2000);
         Console.WriteLine("End creation");
     }
 }
}

Before assignment
After assignment
Value is not created.
Start creation
End creation
LazyExample.Slow
Press a key...

using System;

namespace LazySample
{
 class Program
 {
     static void Main()
     {
         var expensiveClass =
             new Lazy<ExpensiveClass>
             (
                 () =>
                 {
                     var fobj = new ExpensiveClass
                                    {
                         SomeProperty = 100
                     };
                     return fobj;
                 }
             );

         Console.WriteLine("expensiveClass has value yet {0}",
             expensiveClass.IsValueCreated);

         Console.WriteLine("expensiveClass.SomeProperty value {0}",
             (expensiveClass.Value).SomeProperty);

         Console.WriteLine("expensiveClass has value yet {0}",
             expensiveClass.IsValueCreated);

         Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
         Console.Read();
     }
 }

 class ExpensiveClass
 {
     public int SomeProperty { get; set; }

     public ExpensiveClass()
     {
         Console.WriteLine("ExpensiveClass constructed");
     }
 }
}

[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult Create(MyModel model, IEnumerable<HttpPostedFileBase> files)
{
            // code
            return View();
}

[HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Save(MyModel model, IEnumerable<HttpPostedFileBase> files)
        {
            
                var sModel = new MyViewModel
                {
                    MainPhoto = model.MainPhoto,
                    Phone = model.Phone,
                    Title = model.Title,
                    WebSiteUrl = model.WebSiteUrl,
    // ....
                };
                if (files != null)
                {
                    var images = files.Select(file => new Image
                    {
                        FileName = Helpers.Helper.UploadFile(file)
                    }).ToList();
                    sModel.Images = images;
                }
                _locationService.AddLocation(sModel);
                _uow.SaveAllChanges();
            
            return RedirectToAction("List");
        }

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace NHSample4.Domain
{
 public class Course
 {
     public virtual int Id { get; set; }
     public virtual string Teacher { get; set; }
     public virtual IList<Student> Students { get; set; }

     public Course()
     {
         Students = new List<Student>();
     }
 }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace NHSample4.Domain
{
 public class Student
 {
     public virtual int Id { get; set; }
     public virtual string Name { get; set; }
     public virtual IList<Course> Courses { get; set; }

     public Student()
     {
         Courses = new List<Course>();
     }
 }
}

using FluentNHibernate.Automapping;
using FluentNHibernate.Cfg;
using FluentNHibernate.Cfg.Db;
using NHibernate.Tool.hbm2ddl;

namespace NHSessionManager
{
 public class Config
 {
     public static FluentConfiguration GetConfig()
     {
         return
           Fluently.Configure()
                   .Database(
                      MsSqlConfiguration
                        .MsSql2008
                        .ConnectionString(x => x.FromConnectionStringWithKey("DbConnectionString"))                        
                       )
                     .Mappings(
                       m => m.AutoMappings.Add(
                          new AutoPersistenceModel()
                              .Where(x => x.Namespace.EndsWith("Domain"))
                              .AddEntityAssembly(typeof(NHSample4.Domain.Course).Assembly))                              
                              .ExportTo(System.Environment.CurrentDirectory)
                              );
     }

     public static void CreateDb()
     {
         bool script = false;//آیا خروجی در کنسول هم نمایش داده شود
         bool export = true;//آیا بر روی دیتابیس هم اجرا شود           
         bool dropTables = false;//آیا جداول موجود دراپ شوند
         new SchemaExport(GetConfig().BuildConfiguration()).Execute(script, export, dropTables);
     }
 }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<connectionStrings>
 <!--NHSessionManager-->
 <add name="DbConnectionString"
      connectionString="Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=HelloNHibernate;Integrated Security = true"/>
</connectionStrings>
</configuration>

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;

namespace NHSample4.NHRepository
{
 //Repository Interface
 public interface IRepository<T>
 {
     T Get(object key);

     T Save(T entity);
     T Update(T entity);
     void Delete(T entity);

     IQueryable<T> Find();
     IQueryable<T> Find(Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate);
 }
}

using System;
using System.Linq;
using NHSessionManager;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Linq;

namespace NHSample4.NHRepository
{
 public class Repository<T> : IRepository<T>, IDisposable
 {
     private ISession _session;
     private bool _disposed = false;

     public Repository()
     {
         _session = SingletonCore.SessionFactory.OpenSession();
         BeginTransaction();
     }

     ~Repository()
     {
         Dispose(false);
     }

     public T Get(object key)
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return default(T);

         return _session.Get<T>(key);
     }

     public T Save(T entity)
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return default(T);

         _session.Save(entity);
         return entity;
     }

     public T Update(T entity)
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return default(T);

         _session.Update(entity);
         return entity;
     }

     public void Delete(T entity)
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return;

         _session.Delete(entity);
     }

     public IQueryable<T> Find()
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return null;

         return _session.Linq<T>();
     }

     public IQueryable<T> Find(System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate)
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return null;

         return Find().Where(predicate);
     }

     void Commit()
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return;

         if (_session.Transaction != null &&
             _session.Transaction.IsActive &&
             !_session.Transaction.WasCommitted &&
             !_session.Transaction.WasRolledBack)
         {
             _session.Transaction.Commit();
         }
         else
         {
             _session.Flush();
         }
     }

     void Rollback()
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return;

         if (_session.Transaction != null && _session.Transaction.IsActive)
         {
             _session.Transaction.Rollback();
         }
     }

     private bool isSessionSafe
     {
         get
         {
             return _session != null && _session.IsOpen;
         }
     }

     void BeginTransaction()
     {
         if (!isSessionSafe) return;

         _session.BeginTransaction();
     }


     public void Dispose()
     {
         Dispose(true);
         // tell the GC that the Finalize process no longer needs to be run for this object.
         GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
     }

     protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposeManagedResources)
     {
         if (_disposed) return;
         if (!disposeManagedResources) return;
         if (!isSessionSafe) return;

         try
         {
             Commit();
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
             Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
             Rollback();
         }
         finally
         {
             if (isSessionSafe)
             {
                 _session.Close();
                 _session.Dispose();
             }
         }

         _disposed = true;
     }
 }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using NHSample4.Domain;
using NHSample4.NHRepository;

namespace NHSample4
{
 class Program
 {
     static void Main(string[] args)
     {
         //ایجاد دیتابیس در صورت نیاز
         //NHSessionManager.Config.CreateDb();

      
         //ابتدا یک دانشجو را اضافه می‌کنیم
         Student student = null;
         using (var studentRepo = new Repository<Student>())
         {
             student = studentRepo.Save(new Student() { Name = "Vahid" });
         }

         //سپس یک واحد را اضافه می‌کنیم
         using (var courseRepo = new Repository<Course>())
         {
             var course = courseRepo.Save(new Course() { Teacher = "Shams" });
         }

         //اکنون یک واحد را به دانشجو انتساب می‌دهیم
         using (var courseRepo = new Repository<Course>())
         {
             courseRepo.Save(new Course() { Students = new List<Student>() { student } });
         }
      
         //سپس شماره دروس استادی خاص را نمایش می‌دهیم
         using (var courseRepo = new Repository<Course>())
         {
             var query = courseRepo.Find(t => t.Teacher == "Shams");

             foreach (var course in query)
                 Console.WriteLine(course.Id);
         }

         Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
         Console.ReadKey();
     }
 }
}

mysite.com/reporting

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public class Channel
    {
        public string ChannelTitle { get; set; }
        [Required]
        public string ChannelUrl { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public static class ChannelDataSource
    {
        static ChannelDataSource() => Channels = new List<Channel>();
        public static List<Channel> Channels { get; private set; }
        public static void Add(Channel channel) => Channels.Add(channel);
    }
}

using SampleProject.Models;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace SampleProject.Controllers
{
    public class ChannelController : Controller
    {
        // GET: Channel
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var channels = ChannelDataSource.Channels;
            return View(channels);
        }

        public ActionResult Channel(string channelUrl)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(channelUrl))
            {
                return new HttpNotFoundResult("channel not found!");
            }
            var channel = ChannelDataSource.Channels.SingleOrDefault(ch => ch.ChannelUrl == channelUrl.ToLower());
            if (channel == null)
            {
                return new HttpNotFoundResult("channel not found!");
            }
            return View(channel);
        }

        public ActionResult Create() => View();

        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Create(Channel channel)
        {
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "Please check your inputs!");
                return View(channel);
            }
            ChannelDataSource.Add(channel);
            TempData["Message"] = "Channel added successfully!";
            return RedirectToAction(nameof(Index));
        }
    }
}

using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace SampleProject
{
    public class RouteConfig
    {
        public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "ChannelUrls",
                url: "{channelurl}",
                defaults: new { controller = "Channel", action = "Channel", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
            );

            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "Default",
                url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                defaults: new { controller = "Channel", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
            );
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public static class Utility
    {
        public static List<string> GetAllAreaNames()
        {
            var areaNames = RouteTable.Routes.OfType<Route>()
                            .Where(d => d.DataTokens != null)
                            .Where(d=> d.DataTokens.ContainsKey("area"))
                            .Select(r => r.DataTokens["area"].ToString().ToLower())
                            .ToList();
            return areaNames;
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using SampleProject.Models;

namespace SampleProject.CustomValidators
{
    public class CheckForAreaExisting : ValidationAttribute, IClientValidatable
    {
        public List<string> AreaNames
        {
            get
            {
                return Utility.GetAllAreaNames();
            }
        }
        public IEnumerable<ModelClientValidationRule> GetClientValidationRules(ModelMetadata metadata, ControllerContext context)
        {
            var rule = new ModelClientValidationRule
            {
                ValidationType = "checkforareaexisting",
                ErrorMessage = FormatErrorMessage(metadata.GetDisplayName())
            };
            rule.ValidationParameters.Add("areanames", string.Join(",", AreaNames));
            yield return rule;
        }

        public override bool IsValid(object value)
        {
            if (value != null)
            {
                return Utility.GetAllAreaNames()
                   .SingleOrDefault(area => area == value.ToString().ToLower()) == null;
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
}

jQuery.validator.addMethod("checkforareaexisting",
    function (value, element, param) {
        var isValueOneOfTheAreaNames = $.inArray(value.toLowerCase(), param.areaNames) === -1;
        return isValueOneOfTheAreaNames;
    });

$.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.add('checkforareaexisting', ['areanames'], function (options) {
    options.rules['checkforareaexisting'] = { areaNames: options.params.areanames.split(',') };
    options.messages['checkforareaexisting'] = options.message;
});

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>_Layout</title>
    <style>

    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        @RenderBody()
    </div>
    <script src="~/Scripts/Jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/Scripts/CustomValidation.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

using SampleProject.CustomValidators;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public class Channel
    {
        public string ChannelTitle { get; set; }
        [Required]
        [CheckForAreaExisting(ErrorMessage = "You can't use this url for your channel!")]
        public string ChannelUrl { get; set; }
    }
}

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult CheckForAreaExisting(string channelUrl)
{
    var isValueOneOfTheAreaNames = Utility.GetAllAreaNames()
                                   .SingleOrDefault(area => area == channelUrl.ToLower()) == null;
    return Json(isValueOneOfTheAreaNames);
}  

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public class Channel
    {
        public string ChannelTitle { get; set; }
        [Required]
        [Remote("CheckForAreaExisting", "Channel",
            ErrorMessage = "You can't use this url for your channel!",
            HttpMethod = "Post")]
        public string ChannelUrl { get; set; }
    }
}