using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Caching;

namespace EfSecondLevelCaching.Core
{
    public static class EfHttpRuntimeCacheProvider
    {
        #region Methods (6)

        // Public Methods (2) 

        public static IList<TEntity> ToCacheableList<TEntity>(
                            this IQueryable<TEntity> query,
                            int durationMinutes = 15,
                            CacheItemPriority priority = CacheItemPriority.Normal)
        {
            return query.Cacheable(x => x.ToList(), durationMinutes, priority);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the result of the query; if possible from the cache, otherwise
        /// the query is materialized and the result cached before being returned.
        /// The cache entry has a one minute sliding expiration with normal priority.
        /// </summary>
        public static TResult Cacheable<TEntity, TResult>(
                            this IQueryable<TEntity> query,
                            Func<IQueryable<TEntity>, TResult> materializer,
                            int durationMinutes = 15,
                            CacheItemPriority priority = CacheItemPriority.Normal)
        {
            // Gets a cache key for a query.
            var queryCacheKey = query.GetCacheKey();

            // The name of the cache key used to clear the cache. All cached items depend on this key.
            var rootCacheKey = typeof(TEntity).FullName;

            // Try to get the query result from the cache.
            printAllCachedKeys();
            var result = HttpRuntime.Cache.Get(queryCacheKey);
            if (result != null)
            {
                debugWriteLine("Fetching object '{0}__{1}' from the cache.", rootCacheKey, queryCacheKey);
                return (TResult)result;
            }

            // Materialize the query.
            result = materializer(query);

            // Adding new data.
            debugWriteLine("Adding new data: queryKey={0}, dependencyKey={1}", queryCacheKey, rootCacheKey);
            storeRootCacheKey(rootCacheKey);
            HttpRuntime.Cache.Insert(
                    key: queryCacheKey,
                    value: result,
                    dependencies: new CacheDependency(null, new[] { rootCacheKey }),
                    absoluteExpiration: DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(durationMinutes),
                    slidingExpiration: Cache.NoSlidingExpiration,
                    priority: priority,
                    onRemoveCallback: null);

            return (TResult)result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Call this method in `public override int SaveChanges()` of your DbContext class 
        /// to Invalidate Second Level Cache automatically.
        /// </summary>        
        public static void InvalidateSecondLevelCache(this DbContext ctx)
        {
            var changedEntityNames = ctx.ChangeTracker
                                      .Entries()
                                      .Where(x => x.State == EntityState.Added ||
                                                  x.State == EntityState.Modified ||
                                                  x.State == EntityState.Deleted)
                                      .Select(x => ObjectContext.GetObjectType(x.Entity.GetType()).FullName)
                                      .Distinct()
                                      .ToList();

            if (!changedEntityNames.Any()) return;

            printAllCachedKeys();
            foreach (var item in changedEntityNames)
            {
                item.removeEntityCache();
            }
            printAllCachedKeys();
        }
        // Private Methods (4) 

        private static void debugWriteLine(string format, params object[] args)
        {
            if (!Debugger.IsAttached) return;
            Debug.WriteLine(format, args);
        }

        private static void printAllCachedKeys()
        {
            if (!Debugger.IsAttached) return;
            debugWriteLine("Available cached keys list:");
            int count = 0;
            var enumerator = HttpRuntime.Cache.GetEnumerator();
            while (enumerator.MoveNext())
            {
                if (enumerator.Key.ToString().StartsWith("__")) continue; // such as __System.Web.WebPages.Deployment
                debugWriteLine("queryKey: {0}", enumerator.Key.ToString());
                count++;
            }
            debugWriteLine("count: {0}", count);
        }

        private static void removeEntityCache(this string rootCacheKey)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(rootCacheKey)) return;
            debugWriteLine("Removing items with dependencyKey={0}", rootCacheKey);
            // Removes all cached items depend on this key.
            HttpRuntime.Cache.Remove(rootCacheKey);
        }

        private static void storeRootCacheKey(string rootCacheKey)
        {
            // The cacheKeys of a cacheDependency that are not already in cache ARE NOT inserted into the cache 
            // on the Insert of the item in which the dependency is used.
            if (HttpRuntime.Cache.Get(rootCacheKey) != null)
                return;

            HttpRuntime.Cache.Add(
                rootCacheKey,
                rootCacheKey,
                null,
                Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration,
                Cache.NoSlidingExpiration,
                CacheItemPriority.Default,
                null);
        }

        #endregion Methods
    }
}

var data = context.Products.AsQueryable().Cacheable(x => x.FirstOrDefault());

using System.Data.Entity;
using EfSecondLevelCaching.Core;
using EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models;

namespace EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.DataLayer
{
    public class ProductContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Product> Products { get; set; }

        public override int SaveChanges()
        {
            this.InvalidateSecondLevelCache();
            return base.SaveChanges();
        }        
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using EfSecondLevelCaching.Core;
using EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.DataLayer;
using EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models;
using System;

namespace EfSecondLevelCaching
{
    public static class TestUsages
    {
        public static void RunQueries()
        {
            using (ProductContext context = new ProductContext())
            {
                var isActive = true;
                var name = "Product1";

                // reading from db
                var list1 = context.Products
                                   .OrderBy(one => one.ProductNumber)
                                   .Where(x => x.IsActive == isActive && x.ProductName == name)
                                   .ToCacheableList();

                // reading from cache
                var list2 = context.Products
                                   .OrderBy(one => one.ProductNumber)
                                   .Where(x => x.IsActive == isActive && x.ProductName == name)
                                   .ToCacheableList();

                // reading from cache
                var list3 = context.Products
                                   .OrderBy(one => one.ProductNumber)
                                   .Where(x => x.IsActive == isActive && x.ProductName == name)
                                   .ToCacheableList();

                // reading from db
                var list4 = context.Products
                                   .OrderBy(one => one.ProductNumber)
                                   .Where(x => x.IsActive == isActive && x.ProductName == "Product2")
                                   .ToCacheableList();
            }

            // removes products cache
            using (ProductContext context = new ProductContext())
            {
                var p = new Product()
                {
                    IsActive = false,
                    ProductName = "P4",
                    ProductNumber = "004"
                };
                context.Products.Add(p);
                context.SaveChanges();
            }

            using (ProductContext context = new ProductContext())
            {
                var data = context.Products.AsQueryable().Cacheable(x => x.FirstOrDefault());
                var data2 = context.Products.AsQueryable().Cacheable(x => x.FirstOrDefault());
                context.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
    }
}

Adding new data: queryKey=72AF5DA1BA9B91E24DCCF83E88AD1C5F, dependencyKey=EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product

Available cached keys list:
queryKey: EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product
queryKey: 72AF5DA1BA9B91E24DCCF83E88AD1C5F
count: 2

Fetching object 'EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product__72AF5DA1BA9B91E24DCCF83E88AD1C5F' from the cache.

Available cached keys list:
queryKey: EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product
queryKey: 72AF5DA1BA9B91E24DCCF83E88AD1C5F
count: 2

Fetching object 'EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product__72AF5DA1BA9B91E24DCCF83E88AD1C5F' from the cache.

Available cached keys list:
queryKey: EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product
queryKey: 72AF5DA1BA9B91E24DCCF83E88AD1C5F
count: 2

Adding new data: queryKey=11A2C33F9AD7821A0A31003BFF1DF886, dependencyKey=EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product

Available cached keys list:
queryKey: 72AF5DA1BA9B91E24DCCF83E88AD1C5F
queryKey: 11A2C33F9AD7821A0A31003BFF1DF886
queryKey: EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product
count: 3

Removing items with dependencyKey=EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product
Available cached keys list:
count: 0
Available cached keys list:
count: 0

Adding new data: queryKey=02E6FE403B461E45C5508684156C1D10, dependencyKey=EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product

Available cached keys list:
queryKey: 02E6FE403B461E45C5508684156C1D10
queryKey: EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product
count: 2


Fetching object 'EfSecondLevelCaching.Test.Models.Product__02E6FE403B461E45C5508684156C1D10' from the cache.

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace FindDuplicateServices.Utils
{
    public static class DuplicateServicesFinder
    {
        private static List<(Type ServiceType, int RegistrationTimes)> _duplicateServices;

        public static IHostBuilder CountDuplicateServices(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder)
        {
            hostBuilder.ConfigureServices(services =>
            {
                _duplicateServices = services.Where(
                        serviceDescriptor => !serviceDescriptor.ServiceType.Assembly.FullName.Contains("Microsoft"))
                                        .GroupBy(serviceDescriptor => serviceDescriptor.ServiceType)
                                        .Where(g => g.Count() > 1)
                                        .Select(g => (g.Key, g.Count()))
                                        .ToList();
            });
            return hostBuilder;
        }

        public static IHost ReportDuplicateServices(this IHost host)
        {
            var logger = host.Services.GetRequiredService<ILogger<Program>>();
            _duplicateServices.ForEach(item =>
                logger.LogWarning($"Service Type: `{item.ServiceType}` -> Registration times: {item.RegistrationTimes}"));
            return host;
        }

        public static void RemoveService(this IServiceCollection services, Type serviceType)
        {
            var serviceDescriptor = services.FirstOrDefault(descriptor => descriptor.ServiceType == serviceType);
            if (serviceDescriptor != null)
            {
                services.Remove(serviceDescriptor);
            }
        }
    }
}

using FindDuplicateServices.Utils;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

namespace FindDuplicateServices
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().ReportDuplicateServices().Run();
        }

        public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
            Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
                {
                    webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
                })
                .CountDuplicateServices();
    }
}

namespace FindDuplicateServices
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();
            services.AddScoped<IWeatherForecastService, WeatherForecastService>();
            services.AddScoped<IWeatherForecastService, WeatherForecastService>();
        }

  fetchProducts(categoryId?: number) {
    console.log(categoryId);

    this.products = [];

    if (categoryId === undefined || categoryId.toString() === "undefined") {
      return;
    }

> npm install ng2-toasty --save

 npm ERR! Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, rename

"styles": [
    "../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css",
    "../node_modules/ng2-toasty/bundles/style-bootstrap.css",
    "styles.css"
],

import { ToastyModule } from "ng2-toasty";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    ToastyModule.forRoot(),

 <ng2-toasty [position]="'top-right'"></ng2-toasty>

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";

export class ProductGroupComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(
    private productItemsService: ProductItemsService,
    private toastyService: ToastyService) { }

  fetchProducts(categoryId?: number) {
    console.log(categoryId);

    this.products = [];

    if (categoryId === undefined || categoryId.toString() === "undefined") {
      this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
        title: "Error!",
        msg: "Please select a category.",
        theme: "bootstrap",
        showClose: true,
        timeout: 5000
      });
      return;
    }

    this.productItemsService.getCategories().subscribe(
      data => {
        this.categories = data;
      },
      err => console.log("get error: ", err)
    );

> ng g cl app.error-handler

 installing class
  create src\app\app.error-handler.ts

import { ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  handleError(error: any): void {
    console.log("Error:", error);
  }
}

import { NgModule, ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";
import { AppErrorHandler } from "./app.error-handler";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    { provide: ErrorHandler, useClass: AppErrorHandler }
  ]

[HttpGet("[action]/{categoryId:int}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetProducts(int categoryId)
{
   throw new Exception();

    this.productItemsService.getProducts(categoryId).subscribe(
      data => {
        this.products = data;
        this.isLoadingProducts = false;
      }// ,
      // err => {
      //   console.log("get error: ", err);
      //   this.isLoadingProducts = false;
      // }
    );

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";
import { ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(private toastyService: ToastyService) {
  }

  handleError(error: any): void {
    // console.log("Error:", error);
    this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
      title: "Error!",
      msg: "Fatal error!",
      theme: "bootstrap",
      showClose: true,
      timeout: 5000
    });
  }
}

 Uncaught Error: Can't resolve all parameters for AppErrorHandler: (?).

import { ErrorHandler, Inject } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(
    @Inject(ToastyService) private toastyService: ToastyService
  ) {
  }

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";
import { ErrorHandler, Inject, NgZone } from "@angular/core";
import { LocationStrategy, PathLocationStrategy } from "@angular/common";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(
    @Inject(NgZone) private ngZone: NgZone,
    @Inject(ToastyService) private toastyService: ToastyService,
    @Inject(LocationStrategy) private locationProvider: LocationStrategy
  ) {
  }

  handleError(error: any): void {
    // console.log("Error:", error);

    const url = this.locationProvider instanceof PathLocationStrategy ? this.locationProvider.path() : "";
    const message = error.message ? error.message : error.toString();
    this.ngZone.run(() => {
      this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
        title: "Error!",
        msg: `URL:${url} \n ERROR:${message}`,
        theme: "bootstrap",
        showClose: true,
        timeout: 5000
      });
    });

    // IMPORTANT: Rethrow the error otherwise it gets swallowed
    // throw error;
  }
}

>npm install
>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore
>dotnet watch run

ایجاد اپلیکیشن جدید

var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = model.UserName };  
var result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password);
  
if (result.Succeeded)
{
    await SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false);  
    return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}

قانون 1: کلمه‌های عبور باید حداقل 10 کاراکتر باشند

public class ApplicationUserManager : UserManager<ApplicationUser>
{
    public ApplicationUserManager(): base(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext()))
    {
        PasswordValidator = new MinimumLengthValidator (10);
    }
}

 public AccountController() : this(new ApplicationUserManager())
         {
         }
  
         public AccountController(ApplicationUserManager userManager)
         {
             UserManager = userManager;
         }
         public ApplicationUserManager UserManager { get; private set; }

public class CustomPasswordValidator : IIdentityValidator<string> 
{  
    public int RequiredLength { get; set; }

    public CustomPasswordValidator(int length)
    {
        RequiredLength = length;
    }
  
    public Task<IdentityResult> ValidateAsync(string item)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(item) || item.Length < RequiredLength)
        {
            return Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Failed(String.Format("Password should be of length {0}",RequiredLength)));
        }
  
    string pattern = @"^(?=.*[0-9])(?=.*[!@#$%^&*])[0-9a-zA-Z!@#$%^&*0-9]{10,}$";
   
    if (!Regex.IsMatch(item, pattern))  
    {
        return Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Failed("Password should have one numeral and one special character"));
    }
  
    return Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success);
 }

public class ApplicationUserManager : UserManager<ApplicationUser>  
{  
    public ApplicationUserManager() : base(new UserStore<ApplicationUser(new ApplicationDbContext()))
    {
        PasswordValidator = new CustomPasswordValidator(10);
    }
 }

public class PreviousPassword  
{
  
 public PreviousPassword()
 {
    CreateDate = DateTimeOffset.Now;
 }
  
 [Key, Column(Order = 0)]
  
 public string PasswordHash { get; set; }
  
 public DateTimeOffset CreateDate { get; set; }
  
 [Key, Column(Order = 1)]
  
 public string UserId { get; set; }
  
 public virtual ApplicationUser User { get; set; }
  
 }

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{
    public ApplicationUser() : base()
    {
        PreviousUserPasswords = new List<PreviousPassword>();
     }

     public virtual IList<PreviousPassword> PreviousUserPasswords { get; set; }
}

public class ApplicationUserStore : UserStore<ApplicationUser>
{ 
    public ApplicationUserStore(DbContext context) : base(context)  { }
  
    public override async Task CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user)
    {
        await base.CreateAsync(user);
        await AddToPreviousPasswordsAsync(user, user.PasswordHash);
    }
  
     public Task AddToPreviousPasswordsAsync(ApplicationUser user, string password)
     {
        user.PreviousUserPasswords.Add(new PreviousPassword() { UserId = user.Id, PasswordHash = password });
  
        return UpdateAsync(user);
     }
 }

public class ApplicationUserManager : UserManager<ApplicationUser>
    {
        private const int PASSWORD_HISTORY_LIMIT = 5;

        public ApplicationUserManager() : base(new ApplicationUserStore(new ApplicationDbContext()))
        {
            PasswordValidator = new CustomPasswordValidator(10);
        }

        public override async Task<IdentityResult> ChangePasswordAsync(string userId, string currentPassword, string newPassword)
        {
            if (await IsPreviousPassword(userId, newPassword))
            {
                return await Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Failed("Cannot reuse old password"));
            }

            var result = await base.ChangePasswordAsync(userId, currentPassword, newPassword);

            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                var store = Store as ApplicationUserStore;
                await store.AddToPreviousPasswordsAsync(await FindByIdAsync(userId), PasswordHasher.HashPassword(newPassword));
            }

            return result;
        }

        public override async Task<IdentityResult> ResetPasswordAsync(string userId, string token, string newPassword)
        {
            if (await IsPreviousPassword(userId, newPassword))
            {
                return await Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Failed("Cannot reuse old password"));
            }

            var result = await base.ResetPasswordAsync(userId, token, newPassword);

            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                var store = Store as ApplicationUserStore;
                await store.AddToPreviousPasswordsAsync(await FindByIdAsync(userId), PasswordHasher.HashPassword(newPassword));
            }

            return result;
        }

        private async Task<bool> IsPreviousPassword(string userId, string newPassword)
        {
            var user = await FindByIdAsync(userId);

            if (user.PreviousUserPasswords.OrderByDescending(x => x.CreateDate).
                Select(x => x.PasswordHash).Take(PASSWORD_HISTORY_LIMIT)
                .Where(x => PasswordHasher.VerifyHashedPassword(x, newPassword) != PasswordVerificationResult.Failed).Any())
            {
                return true;
            }

            return false;
        }
    }

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Abstractions;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ModelBinding;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System;
 
namespace WebToolkit
{
    public static class RazorViewToStringRendererExtensions
    {
        public static IServiceCollection AddRazorViewRenderer(this IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.TryAddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
            services.AddScoped<IViewRendererService, ViewRendererService>();
            return services;
        }
    }
 
    public interface IViewRendererService
    {
        Task<string> RenderViewToStringAsync(string viewNameOrPath);
        Task<string> RenderViewToStringAsync<TModel>(string viewNameOrPath, TModel model);
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// Modified version of: https://github.com/aspnet/Entropy/blob/dev/samples/Mvc.RenderViewToString/RazorViewToStringRenderer.cs
    /// </summary>
    public class ViewRendererService : IViewRendererService
    {
        private readonly IRazorViewEngine _viewEngine;
        private readonly ITempDataProvider _tempDataProvider;
        private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
 
        public ViewRendererService(
                    IRazorViewEngine viewEngine,
                    ITempDataProvider tempDataProvider,
                    IServiceProvider serviceProvider,
                    IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
        {
            _viewEngine = viewEngine;
            _tempDataProvider = tempDataProvider;
            _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
        }
 
        public Task<string> RenderViewToStringAsync(string viewNameOrPath)
        {
            return RenderViewToStringAsync(viewNameOrPath, string.Empty);
        }
 
        public async Task<string> RenderViewToStringAsync<TModel>(string viewNameOrPath, TModel model)
        {
            var actionContext = getActionContext();
 
            var viewEngineResult = _viewEngine.FindView(actionContext, viewNameOrPath, isMainPage: false);
            if (!viewEngineResult.Success)
            {
                viewEngineResult = _viewEngine.GetView("~/", viewNameOrPath, isMainPage: false);
                if (!viewEngineResult.Success)
                {
                    throw new FileNotFoundException($"Couldn't find '{viewNameOrPath}'");
                }
            }
 
            var view = viewEngineResult.View;
            using (var output = new StringWriter())
            {
                var viewDataDictionary = new ViewDataDictionary<TModel>(new EmptyModelMetadataProvider(), new ModelStateDictionary())
                {
                    Model = model
                };
 
                var viewContext = new ViewContext(
                    actionContext,
                    view,
                    viewDataDictionary,
                    new TempDataDictionary(actionContext.HttpContext, _tempDataProvider),
                    output,
                    new HtmlHelperOptions());
                await view.RenderAsync(viewContext).ConfigureAwait(false);
                return output.ToString();
            }
        }
 
        private ActionContext getActionContext()
        {
            var httpContext = _httpContextAccessor?.HttpContext;
            if (httpContext != null)
            {
                return new ActionContext(httpContext, httpContext.GetRouteData(), new ActionDescriptor());
            }
 
            httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext { RequestServices = _serviceProvider };
            return new ActionContext(httpContext, new RouteData(), new ActionDescriptor());
        }
    }
}

{ 
    "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures": "1.1.0",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor": "1.1.0"
    }
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
   services.AddRazorViewRenderer();
}

public class RenderController : Controller
{
    private readonly IViewRendererService _viewRenderService;
    public RenderController(IViewRendererService viewRenderService)
    {
        _viewRenderService = viewRenderService;
    }
 
    public async Task<IActionResult> RenderInviteView()
    {
        var viewModel = new InviteViewModel
        {
            UserId = "1",
            UserName = "Vahid"
        };
        var emailBody = await _viewRenderService.RenderViewToStringAsync("EmailTemplates/Invite", viewModel).ConfigureAwait(false);
        //todo: send emailBody
        return Content(emailBody);
    }
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="fa" />
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <style type='text/css'>
     .main {
            font-size: 9pt;
            font-family: Tahoma;
     }
    </style>
</head>
<body bgcolor="whitesmoke" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Tahoma; background-color: whitesmoke; direction: rtl;">
   <div class="main">@RenderBody()</div>
</body>
</html>

 @using Sample.ViewModels
@model RegisterEmailConfirmationViewModel
@{
Layout = "~/Views/EmailTemplates/_EmailsLayout.cshtml";
}
با سلام
<br />
 اکانت شما با مشخصات ذیل ایجاد گردید:
....

 <a style="direction:ltr" href="@Url.Action("Index", "Home", values: new { area = "" }, protocol: this.Context.Request.Scheme)">@Model.EmailSignature</a>

Select
{
  [Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006],
  cousin(
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006],
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Year].[CY 2007]
)
} on columns,
[Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount] on rows
From [Adventure Works]

تابع عمو زاده به این صورت کار می‌ کند که دو پارامتر می گیرد . پارامتر اول سطح فعلی را مشخص می کند . پارامتر دوم سطح بالاتر از سطح اول را مشخص می کند در ساختار سلسله مراتبی و خروجی برابر است با سطحی برابر سطح پارامتر اول در زیر مجموعه ی پارامتر دوم و هم تراز پارامتر اول .

خروجی به صورت زیر می‌باشد:

خوب حالا به ساختار زیر دقت کنید (ساختار سلسله مراتبی Date  )

همانطور که مشخص می‌باشد تاریخ‌ها از 2005 تا 2008 و سال 2010 می‌باشند و فصول عبارتند از دو فصل پایانی سال 2005 و تمامی فصول سال 2006 و 2007 و سه فصل اول سال 2008 و فصل چهارم سال 2010 . حال دوباره به کوئری نوشته شده دقت کنید. در کوئری بالا فصل همسطح فصل اول  سال 2006 در سال 2007 مورد واکشی قرار گرفته است که همان فصل اول در سال 2007 می‌باشد.

حال به بررس کوئری زیر خواهیم پرداخت:

Select
{
  [Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006],
  cousin(
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006],
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Semester].[H2 CY 2006]
)
} on columns,
[Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount] on rows
From [Adventure Works]

در این کوئری ما ابتدا ستون فصل اول سال 2006 را بر می گردانیم . سپس در تابع پسر عمو در نیم فصل دوم سال 2006 به دنبال هم سطح فصل اول 2006 می گردیم .

نمودار درختی زیر توضیح کاملی به ما خواهد داد:

حال برای ادامه‌ی مطلب کار بر روی ساختار‌های سلسله مراتبی، ابتدا باید در خصوص نحوه‌ی ایجاد Range توضیحاتی ارایه گردد. دو کوئری زیر را در نظر گرفته و خروجی آنها را با هم مقایسه نمایید

Select
{
  [Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006],
  [Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q2 CY 2006],
  [Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q3 CY 2006]
} on columns,
[Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount] on rows
From [Adventure Works]

و

Select
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006]:
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q3 CY 2006]
on columns,
[Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount] on rows
From [Adventure Works]

خروجی‌ها به صورت زیر می‌باشد :

و

مشخص می‌باشد که از علامت <:> برای ایجاد یک محدوده و جلوگیری از تولید کد‌های بلند و طولانی استفاده می‌شود.

حال کوئری زیر را اجرا کنید:

Select
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006]
:
cousin(
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Quarter].[Q1 CY 2006],
[Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Semester].[H2 CY 2006]
    ) on columns,
[Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount] on rows
From [Adventure Works]

در این کوئری در ابتدا تابع پسر عمو اجرا می گردد، سپس تابع رنج اجرا می گردد و در نتیجه، فاصله ی بین  Q1 CY 2006 تا Q3 CY 2006 را بدست می‌آورد.

 نمودار درختی زیر توضیح کاملی به ما خواهد داد :

خروجی به صورت زیر می‌باشد

در قسمت‌های بعدی دیگر توابع MDX Query‌ها را بررسی میکنیم.

SELECT
    [r].[session_id],
    DB_NAME([r].[database_id]) [DatabaseName],
    [t].[text]
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests [r]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text([r].sql_handle) [t];
GO

SELECT
    [r].[session_id],
    DB_NAME([r].[database_id]) [DatabaseName],
    [t].[text],
    [p].[query_plan]
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests [r]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text([r].sql_handle) [t]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan([r].[plan_handle]) [p];
GO

SELECT *
FROM sys.dm_exec_cached_plans;

SELECT
    [r].[session_id],
    DB_NAME([r].[database_id]) [DatabaseName],
    [cp].[objtype],
    [cp].[size_in_bytes],
    [t].[text],
    [p].[query_plan]
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests [r]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text([r].sql_handle) [t]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan([r].[plan_handle]) [p]
    JOIN sys.dm_exec_cached_plans [cp]
    ON [r].[plan_handle] = [cp].[plan_handle];
GO

SELECT
    [r].[session_id],
    DB_NAME([r].[database_id]) [DatabaseName],
    [tq].[query_plan]
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests [r]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_text_query_plan([r].plan_handle, 0, -1) [tq];
GO

SELECT *
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats;
GO

SELECT
    [qs].[last_execution_time],
    [qs].[execution_count],
    [qs].[total_logical_reads]/[qs].[execution_count] [AvgLogicalReads],
    [qs].[max_logical_reads],
    [t].[text],
    [p].[query_plan]
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats [qs]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text([qs].sql_handle) [t]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan([qs].[plan_handle]) [p]
WHERE [qs].[execution_count] > 25
    OR [qs].[total_logical_reads] > 10000
ORDER BY [qs].[total_logical_reads]/[qs].[execution_count] DESC;
GO

SELECT *
FROM sys.dm_exec_function_stats;
GO