public void Init(HttpApplication app)
{
   app.BeginRequest += new EventHandler(OnBeginRequest);
}

public void Dispose(){ }

public class Employee
{
    public string EmployeeName { get; set; }
    public int EmployeeNo { get; set; }

    public void Insert(Employee e) 
    {
        //Database Logic written here
    }
    public void GenerateReport(Employee e)
    {
        //Set report formatting
    }
}

public class Employee
{
    public string EmployeeName { get; set; }
    public int EmployeeNo { get; set; }
}

public class EmployeeDB
{
    public void Insert(Employee e) 
    {
        //Database Logic written here
    }
    public Employee Select() 
    {
        //Database Logic written here
    }
}

public class EmployeeReport
{
    public void GenerateReport(Employee e)
    {
        //Set report formatting
    }
}

//Method with multiple responsibilities – violating SRP
public void Insert(Employee e)
{     
    string StrConnectionString = "";       
    SqlConnection objCon = new SqlConnection(StrConnectionString); 
    SqlParameter[] SomeParameters=null;//Create Parameter array from values
    SqlCommand objCommand = new SqlCommand("InertQuery", objCon);
    objCommand.Parameters.AddRange(SomeParameters);
    ObjCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
}

//Method with single responsibility – follow SRP
public void Insert(Employee e)
{            
    SqlConnection objCon = GetConnection();
    SqlParameter[] SomeParameters=GetParameters();
    SqlCommand ObjCommand = GetCommand(objCon,"InertQuery",SomeParameters);
    ObjCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
}

private SqlCommand GetCommand(SqlConnection objCon, string InsertQuery, SqlParameter[] SomeParameters)
{
    SqlCommand objCommand = new SqlCommand(InsertQuery, objCon);
    objCommand.Parameters.AddRange(SomeParameters);
    return objCommand;
}

private SqlParameter[] GetParaeters()
{
    //Create Paramter array from values
}

private SqlConnection GetConnection()
{
    string StrConnectionString = "";
    return new SqlConnection(StrConnectionString);
}

var email = "email@example.com";
var isValid = ValidateEmail(email, out string message);
if (isValid)
{
    //do something
}

        public OperationResult ValidateEmail(string email)
        {
            var result = new OperationResult();

            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(email))
            {
                result.Success = false;
                result.AddMessage("email is null.");
            }

            if (result.Success)
            {
                var isValidFormat = true;//todo: using RegularExpression
                if (!isValidFormat)
                {
                    result.Success = false;
                    result.AddMessage("email is not in a correct format");
                }
            }

            if (result.Success)
            {
                var isRealDoamin = true;//todo: Code here that confirms whether domain exists.
                if (!isRealDoamin)
                {
                    result.Success = false;
                    result.AddMessage("email does not include a valid domain.");
                }
            }

            return result;
        }

این بار خروجی متد مذکور از نوع OperationResult ای می‌باشد که هم موفقیت آمیز بودن یا عدم آن را مشخص می‌کند و همچنین امکان دسترسی به لیست پیغام‌های مرتبط با اعتبارسنجی‌های انجام شده، وجود دارد.

    [Serializable]
    public class MvcAjaxResponse : MvcAjaxResponse<object>
    {
        public MvcAjaxResponse()
        {
        }

        public MvcAjaxResponse(bool success)
            : base(success)
        {
        }

        public MvcAjaxResponse(object result)
            : base(result)
        {
        }

        public MvcAjaxResponse(ErrorInfo error, bool unAuthorizedRequest = false)
            : base(error, unAuthorizedRequest)
        {
        }
    }
   

    [Serializable]
    public class MvcAjaxResponse<TResult> : MvcAjaxResponseBase
    {
        public MvcAjaxResponse(TResult result)
        {
            Result = result;
            Success = true;
        }

        public MvcAjaxResponse()
        {
            Success = true;
        }

        public MvcAjaxResponse(bool success)
        {
            Success = success;
        }

        public MvcAjaxResponse(ErrorInfo error, bool unAuthorizedRequest = false)
        {
            Error = error;
            UnAuthorizedRequest = unAuthorizedRequest;
            Success = false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///     The actual result object of AJAX request.
        ///     It is set if <see cref="MvcAjaxResponseBase.Success" /> is true.
        /// </summary>
        public TResult Result { get; set; }
    }

    public class MvcAjaxResponseBase
    {
        public string TargetUrl { get; set; }

        public bool Success { get; set; }

        public ErrorInfo Error { get; set; }

        public bool UnAuthorizedRequest { get; set; }

        public bool __mvc { get; } = true;
    }

    [Serializable]
    public class EntityNotFoundException : Exception
    {
        public Type EntityType { get; set; }
        public object Id { get; set; }
        public EntityNotFoundException()
        {
        }

        public EntityNotFoundException(string message)
            : base(message)
        {

        }

        public EntityNotFoundException(string message, Exception innerException)
            : base(message, innerException)
        {
        }

        public EntityNotFoundException(SerializationInfo serializationInfo, StreamingContext context)
            : base(serializationInfo, context)
        {

        }
        public EntityNotFoundException(Type entityType, object id)
            : this(entityType, id, null)
        {

        }
        public EntityNotFoundException(Type entityType, object id, Exception innerException)
            : base($"There is no such an entity. Entity type: {entityType.FullName}, id: {id}", innerException)
        {
            EntityType = entityType;
            Id = id;
        }

    }

        public async Task<UserOrganizationalUnitInfo> GetCurrentOrganizationalUnitInfoOrNullAsync(long userId)
        {
            return (await _setting.GetSettingValueForUserAsync(
                    UserSettingNames.CurrentOrganizationalUnitInfo, userId).ConfigureAwait(false))
                .FromJsonString<UserOrganizationalUnitInfo>();
        }

[NotSupportedException: Specified method is not supported.]
   EFCache.CachingReader.GetSchemaTable() +28
   System.Data.ProviderBase.SchemaMapping..ctor(DataAdapter adapter, DataSet dataset, DataTable datatable, DataReaderContainer dataReader, Boolean keyInfo, SchemaType schemaType, String sourceTableName, Boolean gettingData, DataColumn parentChapterColumn, Object parentChapterValue) +76
   System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.FillMappingInternal(DataSet dataset, DataTable datatable, String srcTable, DataReaderContainer dataReader, Int32 schemaCount, DataColumn parentChapterColumn, Object parentChapterValue) +94
   System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.FillMapping(DataSet dataset, DataTable datatable, String srcTable, DataReaderContainer dataReader, Int32 schemaCount, DataColumn parentChapterColumn, Object parentChapterValue) +156
   System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.FillFromReader(DataSet dataset, DataTable datatable, String srcTable, DataReaderContainer dataReader, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords, DataColumn parentChapterColumn, Object parentChapterValue) +79
   System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.Fill(DataTable[] dataTables, IDataReader dataReader, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords) +309
   System.Data.Common.LoadAdapter.FillFromReader(DataTable[] dataTables, IDataReader dataReader, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords) +19
   System.Data.DataSet.Load(IDataReader reader, LoadOption loadOption, FillErrorEventHandler errorHandler, DataTable[] tables) +157
   DNTProfiler.EntityFramework.Core.DatabaseInterceptor.ReaderExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext`1 interceptionContext) +224
   System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.<Reader>b__e(IDbCommandInterceptor i, DbCommand t, DbCommandInterceptionContext`1 c) +13
   System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.InternalDispatcher`1.Dispatch(TTarget target, Func`3 operation, TInterceptionContext interceptionContext, Action`3 executing, Action`3 executed) +679
   System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.Reader(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext interceptionContext) +402
   System.Data.Entity.Internal.InterceptableDbCommand.ExecuteDbDataReader(CommandBehavior behavior) +166
   System.Data.Common.DbCommand.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior behavior) +10
   System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityCommandDefinition.ExecuteStoreCommands(EntityCommand entityCommand, CommandBehavior behavior) +36

[EntityCommandExecutionException: An error occurred while executing the command definition. See the inner exception for details.]
   System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityCommandDefinition.ExecuteStoreCommands(EntityCommand entityCommand, CommandBehavior behavior) +103
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.Internal.ObjectQueryExecutionPlan.Execute(ObjectContext context, ObjectParameterCollection parameterValues) +758
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.<>c__DisplayClass7.<GetResults>b__6() +90
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.ExecuteInTransaction(Func`1 func, IDbExecutionStrategy executionStrategy, Boolean startLocalTransaction, Boolean releaseConnectionOnSuccess) +288
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.<>c__DisplayClass7.<GetResults>b__5() +154
   System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.DefaultSqlExecutionStrategy.Execute(Func`1 operation) +190
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectQuery`1.GetResults(Nullable`1 forMergeOption) +283
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectQuery`1.Execute(MergeOption mergeOption) +31
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.DataClasses.EntityReference`1.Load(MergeOption mergeOption) +139
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.DataClasses.RelatedEnd.DeferredLoad() +350
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.Internal.LazyLoadBehavior.LoadProperty(TItem propertyValue, String relationshipName, String targetRoleName, Boolean mustBeNull, Object wrapperObject) +85
   System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.Internal.<>c__DisplayClass7`2.<GetInterceptorDelegate>b__2(TProxy proxy, TItem item) +105
   System.Data.Entity.DynamicProxies.UserRole_BBC6827DA8A54908B2FEB0549B390716893C3DEEF1E93323EDC9D94ABC0097E1.get_Role() +33
   SmartMarket.Services.Members.<>c.<IsInRole>b__9_0(UserRole x) in D:\Bazar\IEM\Dev\Libraries\TikaSoft.SmartMarket.Services\Members\UserExtentions.cs:252
   System.Linq.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext() +164
   System.Linq.<DistinctIterator>d__63`1.MoveNext() +220
   System.Linq.WhereEnumerableIterator`1.MoveNext() +77
   System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault(IEnumerable`1 source, Func`2 predicate) +94
   SmartMarket.Services.Members.UserExtentions.IsInRole(User user, String roleSystemName, Boolean onlyActiveRoles) in D:\Bazar\IEM\Dev\Libraries\TikaSoft.SmartMarket.Services\Members\UserExtentions.cs:252
   SmartMarket.Services.Members.UserExtentions.IsRegistered(User user, Boolean onlyActiveRoles) in D:\Bazar\IEM\Dev\Libraries\TikaSoft.SmartMarket.Services\Members\UserExtentions.cs:277
   SmartMarket.Services.Authentication.FormsAuthenticationService.GetAuthenticatedUser() in D:\Bazar\IEM\Dev\Libraries\TikaSoft.SmartMarket.Services\Authentication\FormsAuthenticationService.cs:66
   SmartMarket.Web.Framework.WebWorkContext.get_CurrentUser() in D:\Bazar\IEM\Dev\Presentation\TikaSoft.SmartMarket.Web.Framework\WebWorkContext.cs:167
   SmartMarket.Web.Framework.Controllers.SmartController.LogException(Exception exc) in D:\Bazar\IEM\Dev\Presentation\TikaSoft.SmartMarket.Web.Framework\Controllers\SmartController.cs:221
   SmartMarket.Web.Framework.Controllers.SmartController.OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) in D:\Bazar\IEM\Dev\Presentation\TikaSoft.SmartMarket.Web.Framework\Controllers\SmartController.cs:132
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.System.Web.Mvc.IExceptionFilter.OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) +10
   System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeExceptionFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, IList`1 filters, Exception exception) +109
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass21.<BeginInvokeAction>b__19(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object asyncState) +721
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +14
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +128
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.BeginInvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +343
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecuteCore>b__1c(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object asyncState, ExecuteCoreState innerState) +25
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +30
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +128
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.BeginExecuteCore(AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +465
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecute>b__14(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object callbackState, Controller controller) +18
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +20
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +128
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.BeginExecute(RequestContext requestContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +374
   System.Web.Mvc.Controller.System.Web.Mvc.Async.IAsyncController.BeginExecute(RequestContext requestContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +16
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.<BeginProcessRequest>b__4(AsyncCallback asyncCallback, Object asyncState, ProcessRequestState innerState) +52
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallBeginDelegate(AsyncCallback callback, Object callbackState) +30
   System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.Begin(AsyncCallback callback, Object state, Int32 timeout) +128
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +384
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +48
   System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, Object extraData) +16
   System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +443
   System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +157

using System;

namespace System.Web.Mvc
{
    public abstract class WebViewPage<TModel> : WebViewPage
    {
        protected WebViewPage();
        public AjaxHelper<TModel> Ajax { get; set; }
        public HtmlHelper<TModel> Html { get; set; }
        public TModel Model { get; }
        public ViewDataDictionary<TModel> ViewData { get; set; }
        public override void InitHelpers();
        protected override void SetViewData(ViewDataDictionary viewData);
    }
}

<head>
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
    <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/Site.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.5.1.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>    
</head>

namespace MvcApplication18.Models
{
    public class Employee
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace MvcApplication18.Models
{
    public static class EmployeeDataSource
    {
        public static IList<Employee> CreateEmployees()
        {
            var list = new List<Employee>();
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
            {
                list.Add(new Employee { Id = i + 1, Name = "name " + i });
            }
            return list;
        }
    }
}

using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using MvcApplication18.Models;

namespace MvcApplication18.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        [HttpPost] //for IE-8        
        public ActionResult EmployeeInfo(int? id)
        {
            if (!Request.IsAjaxRequest())
                return View("Error");

            if (!id.HasValue)
                return View("Error");

            var list = EmployeeDataSource.CreateEmployees();
            var data = list.Where(x => x.Id == id.Value).FirstOrDefault();
            if (data == null)
                return View("Error");

            return PartialView(viewName: "_EmployeeInfo", model: data);
        }
    }
}

@model MvcApplication18.Models.Employee

<strong>Name:</strong> @Model.Name

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>

<div id="EmployeeInfo">
    @Ajax.ActionLink(
     linkText: "Get Employee-1 info",
     actionName: "EmployeeInfo",
     controllerName: "Home",
     routeValues: new { id = 1 },
     ajaxOptions: new AjaxOptions
                  {
                      HttpMethod = "POST",
                      InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace,
                      UpdateTargetId = "EmployeeInfo",
                      LoadingElementId = "Progress"
                  })
</div>

<div id="Progress" style="display: none">
    <img src="@Url.Content("~/Content/images/loading.gif")" alt="loading..."  />
</div>

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class|AttributeTargets.Method)]
public class AjaxOnlyAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
  public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
  {
    if (filterContext.HttpContext.Request.IsAjaxRequest())
    {
      base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
    }
    else
    {
      throw new InvalidOperationException("This operation can only be accessed via Ajax requests");
    }
  }
}

[AjaxOnly]
public ActionResult SomeAjaxAction()
{
    return Content("Hello!");
}

<a data-ajax="true" data-ajax-loading="#Progress" data-ajax-method="POST" 
    data-ajax-mode="replace" data-ajax-update="#EmployeeInfo" 
    href="/Home/EmployeeInfo/1">Get Employee-1 info</a>

<a href="#" onclick="LoadEmployeeInfo()">Get Employee-1 info</a>
@section javascript
{
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function LoadEmployeeInfo() {
            showProgress();
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: "/Home/EmployeeInfo",
                data: JSON.stringify({ id: 1 }),
                contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                dataType: "json",
                // controller is returning a simple text, not json
                complete: function (xhr, status) {                    
                    var data = xhr.responseText;
                    if (status === 'error' || !data) {
                        //handleError                        
                    }
                    else {
                        $('#EmployeeInfo').html(data);
                    }
                    hideProgress();
                }
            });
        }
        function showProgress() {
            $('#Progress').css("display", "block");
        }
        function hideProgress() {
            $('#Progress').css("display", "none");
        }
    </script>
}

@RenderSection("javascript", required: false)

[HttpPost] //for IE-8        
public ActionResult EmployeeInfoData(int? id)
{
            if (!Request.IsAjaxRequest())
                return Json(false);

            if (!id.HasValue)
                return Json(false);

            var list = EmployeeDataSource.CreateEmployees();
            var data = list.Where(x => x.Id == id.Value).FirstOrDefault();
            if (data == null)
                return Json(false);

            return Json(data);
}

<a href="#" onclick="LoadEmployeeInfoData()">Get Employee-2 info</a>
@section javascript
{
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function LoadEmployeeInfoData() {
            showProgress();
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: "/Home/EmployeeInfoData",
                data: JSON.stringify({ id: 1 }),
                contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                dataType: "json",
                // controller is returning the json data
                success: function (result) {
                    if (result) {
                        alert(result.Id + ' - ' + result.Name);
                    }
                    hideProgress();
                },
                error: function (result) {
                    alert(result.status + ' ' + result.statusText);
                    hideProgress();
                }
            });
        }

        function showProgress() {
            $('#Progress').css("display", "block");
        }
        function hideProgress() {
            $('#Progress').css("display", "none");
        }
    </script>
}

[HttpPost] //for IE-8        
public ActionResult SearchEmployeeInfo(string data)
{
            if (!Request.IsAjaxRequest())
                return Content(string.Empty);

            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data))
                return Content(string.Empty);

            var employeesList = EmployeeDataSource.CreateEmployees();
            var list = employeesList.Where(x => x.Name.Contains(data)).ToList();
            if (list == null || !list.Any())
                return Content(string.Empty);

            return PartialView(viewName: "_SearchEmployeeInfo", model: list);
}

@model IEnumerable<MvcApplication18.Models.Employee>

<table>
    <tr>
        <th>
            Name
        </th>
    </tr>

@foreach (var item in Model) {
    <tr>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name)
        </td>
    </tr>
}

</table>

@using (Ajax.BeginForm(actionName: "SearchEmployeeInfo",
                       controllerName: "Home", 
                       ajaxOptions: new AjaxOptions
                                    {
                                         HttpMethod = "POST",
                                         InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace,
                                         UpdateTargetId = "EmployeeInfo",
                                         LoadingElementId = "Progress"
                                    }))
    {
      @Html.TextBox("data")
      <input type="submit" value="Search" />
    }

<form action="/Home/SearchEmployeeInfo" data-ajax="true" 
          data-ajax-loading="#Progress" data-ajax-method="POST" 
          data-ajax-mode="replace" data-ajax-update="#EmployeeInfo" 
          id="form0" method="post">
       <input id="data" name="data" type="text" value="" />
       <input type="submit" value="Search" />
</form>

$.validator.unobtrusive.parse("#{form-id}");

$.ajax
({
    url: "/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
    type: "get",
    success: function(data)
    {
        $.validator.unobtrusive.parse("#{form-id}");
    }
});

//or
$.get('/{controller}/{action}/{id}', function (data) { $.validator.unobtrusive.parse("#{form-id}"); });

@using (Ajax.BeginForm(
    "Action1",
    "Controller",
    null,
    new AjaxOptions { 
        OnSuccess = "onSuccess",
        UpdateTargetId = "result"
    },
    null)
)
{
    <input type="submit" value="Save" />
}

var onSuccess = function(result) {
    // enable unobtrusive validation for the contents
    // that was injected into the <div id="result"></div> node
    $.validator.unobtrusive.parse("#result");
};