using System.Globalization;
using System.Resources;
using System.Web.Compilation;
namespace DbResourceProvider
{
  public abstract class BaseDbResourceProvider : IResourceProvider
  {
    private DbResourceManager _resourceManager;
    protected abstract DbResourceManager CreateResourceManager();
    private void EnsureResourceManager()
    {
      if (_resourceManager != null) return;
      _resourceManager = CreateResourceManager();
    }
    #region Implementation of IResourceProvider
    public object GetObject(string resourceKey, CultureInfo culture)
    {
      EnsureResourceManager();
      if (_resourceManager == null) return null;
      if (culture == null) culture = CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture;
      return _resourceManager.GetObject(resourceKey, culture);
    }
    public virtual IResourceReader ResourceReader { get { return null; } }
    #endregion
  }
}

using System;
using System.Resources;
namespace DbResourceProvider
{
  public class GlobalDbResourceProvider : BaseDbResourceProvider
  {
    private readonly string _classKey;
    public GlobalDbResourceProvider(string classKey)
    {
      _classKey = classKey;
    }
    #region Implementation of BaseDbResourceProvider
    protected override DbResourceManager CreateResourceManager()
    {
      return new DbResourceManager(_classKey);
    }
    public override IResourceReader ResourceReader
    {
      get { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
    }
    #endregion
  }
}

using System.Resources;
namespace DbResourceProvider
{
  public class LocalDbResourceProvider : BaseDbResourceProvider
  {
    private readonly string _virtualPath;
    public LocalDbResourceProvider(string virtualPath)
    {
      _virtualPath = virtualPath;
    }
    #region Implementation of BaseDbResourceProvider
    protected override DbResourceManager CreateResourceManager()
    {
      return new DbResourceManager(_virtualPath);
    }
    public override IResourceReader ResourceReader
    {
      get { return new DbResourceReader(_virtualPath); }
    }
    #endregion
  }
}

using System.Globalization;
using DbResourceProvider.Data;
namespace DbResourceProvider
{
  public class DbResourceManager
  {
    private readonly string _resourceName;
    public DbResourceManager(string resourceName)
    {
      _resourceName = resourceName;
    }
    public object GetObject(string resourceKey, CultureInfo culture)
    {
      var data = new ResourceData();
      return data.GetResource(_resourceName, resourceKey, culture.Name).Value;
    }
  }
}

using System.Collections;
using System.Resources;
using System.Security;
using DbResourceProvider.Data;
namespace DbResourceProvider
{
  public class DbResourceReader : IResourceReader
  {
    private readonly string _resourceName;
    private readonly string _culture;
    public DbResourceReader(string resourceName, string culture = "")
    {
      _resourceName = resourceName;
      _culture = culture;
    }
    #region Implementation of IResourceReader
    public void Close() { }
    public IDictionaryEnumerator GetEnumerator()
    {
      return new DbResourceEnumerator(new ResourceData().GetResources(_resourceName, _culture));
    }
    #endregion
    #region Implementation of IEnumerable
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
    {
      return GetEnumerator();
    }
    #endregion
    #region Implementation of IDisposable
    public void Dispose()
    {
      Close();
    }
    #endregion
  }
}

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using DbResourceProvider.Models;
namespace DbResourceProvider
{
  public sealed class DbResourceEnumerator : IDictionaryEnumerator
  {
    private readonly List<Resource> _resources;
    private int _dataPosition;
    public DbResourceEnumerator(List<Resource> resources)
    {
      _resources = resources;
      Reset();
    }
    public DictionaryEntry Entry
    {
      get
      {
        var resource = _resources[_dataPosition];
        return new DictionaryEntry(resource.Key, resource.Value);
      }
    }
    public object Key { get { return Entry.Key; } }
    public object Value { get { return Entry.Value; } }
    public object Current { get { return Entry; } }
    public bool MoveNext()
    {
      if (_dataPosition >= _resources.Count - 1) return false;
      ++_dataPosition;
      return true;
    }
    public void Reset()
    {
      _dataPosition = -1;
    }
  }
}

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewBag.Country = "Iran";
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<p>
    Country : @ViewBag.Country
</p>

namespace MvcApplication1.Models
{
    public class Employee
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        public string Email { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Web.Mvc;
using MvcApplication1.Models;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewBag.Country = "Iran";

            var employee = new Employee
            {
                 Email = "name@site.com",
                 FirstName = "Vahid",
                 LastName = "N."
            };

            return View(employee);
        }
    }
}

ViewResult View(Object model)
ViewResult View(string viewName, Object model)
ViewResult View(string viewName, string masterName, Object model)

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<div>
    Country: @ViewBag.Country <‪br />
    FirstName: @Model.FirstName
</div>

@model MvcApplication1.Models.Employee
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<div>
    Country: @ViewBag.Country
    <‪br />
    FirstName: @Model.FirstName
</div>

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace MvcApplication1.Models
{
    public class Employees 
    {
        public IList<Employee> CreateEmployees()
        {
            return new[]
                {
                    new Employee { Email = "name1@site.com", FirstName = "name1", LastName = "LastName1" },
                    new Employee { Email = "name2@site.com", FirstName = "name2", LastName = "LastName2" },
                    new Employee { Email = "name3@site.com", FirstName = "name3", LastName = "LastName3" }
                };
        }
    }
}

public ActionResult List()
{
    var employeesList = new Employees().CreateEmployees();
    return View(employeesList);
}

public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; }

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewData["DateTime"] = "<‪br/>" + DateTime.Now;
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<div>
    DateTime: @ViewData["DateTime"]
</div>

@Html.Raw(myString)

<div>@MvcHtmlString.Create("<h1>HTML</h1>")</div>

public TempDataDictionary TempData { get; set; }

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult InsertData(string name)
        {
            // Check for input errors.
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
            {
                TempData["error"] = "name is required.";
                return RedirectToAction("ShowError");
            }
            // No errors
            // ...
            return View();
        }

        public ActionResult ShowError()
        {
            var error = TempData["error"] as string;
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error))
            {
                ViewBag.Error = error;
            }
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "ShowError";
}

<h2>Error</h2>

@ViewBag.Error

'MvcApplication1.Models.Employee' does not contain a definition for 'FirstName1' 
and no extension method 'FirstName1' accepting a first argument of type 'MvcApplication1.Models.Employee'
could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)
d:\Prog\MvcApplication1\MvcApplication1\Views\Home\Index.cshtml 10 MvcApplication1

mysite.com/reporting

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public class Channel
    {
        public string ChannelTitle { get; set; }
        [Required]
        public string ChannelUrl { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public static class ChannelDataSource
    {
        static ChannelDataSource() => Channels = new List<Channel>();
        public static List<Channel> Channels { get; private set; }
        public static void Add(Channel channel) => Channels.Add(channel);
    }
}

using SampleProject.Models;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace SampleProject.Controllers
{
    public class ChannelController : Controller
    {
        // GET: Channel
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var channels = ChannelDataSource.Channels;
            return View(channels);
        }

        public ActionResult Channel(string channelUrl)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(channelUrl))
            {
                return new HttpNotFoundResult("channel not found!");
            }
            var channel = ChannelDataSource.Channels.SingleOrDefault(ch => ch.ChannelUrl == channelUrl.ToLower());
            if (channel == null)
            {
                return new HttpNotFoundResult("channel not found!");
            }
            return View(channel);
        }

        public ActionResult Create() => View();

        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Create(Channel channel)
        {
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "Please check your inputs!");
                return View(channel);
            }
            ChannelDataSource.Add(channel);
            TempData["Message"] = "Channel added successfully!";
            return RedirectToAction(nameof(Index));
        }
    }
}

using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace SampleProject
{
    public class RouteConfig
    {
        public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "ChannelUrls",
                url: "{channelurl}",
                defaults: new { controller = "Channel", action = "Channel", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
            );

            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "Default",
                url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                defaults: new { controller = "Channel", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
            );
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public static class Utility
    {
        public static List<string> GetAllAreaNames()
        {
            var areaNames = RouteTable.Routes.OfType<Route>()
                            .Where(d => d.DataTokens != null)
                            .Where(d=> d.DataTokens.ContainsKey("area"))
                            .Select(r => r.DataTokens["area"].ToString().ToLower())
                            .ToList();
            return areaNames;
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using SampleProject.Models;

namespace SampleProject.CustomValidators
{
    public class CheckForAreaExisting : ValidationAttribute, IClientValidatable
    {
        public List<string> AreaNames
        {
            get
            {
                return Utility.GetAllAreaNames();
            }
        }
        public IEnumerable<ModelClientValidationRule> GetClientValidationRules(ModelMetadata metadata, ControllerContext context)
        {
            var rule = new ModelClientValidationRule
            {
                ValidationType = "checkforareaexisting",
                ErrorMessage = FormatErrorMessage(metadata.GetDisplayName())
            };
            rule.ValidationParameters.Add("areanames", string.Join(",", AreaNames));
            yield return rule;
        }

        public override bool IsValid(object value)
        {
            if (value != null)
            {
                return Utility.GetAllAreaNames()
                   .SingleOrDefault(area => area == value.ToString().ToLower()) == null;
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
}

jQuery.validator.addMethod("checkforareaexisting",
    function (value, element, param) {
        var isValueOneOfTheAreaNames = $.inArray(value.toLowerCase(), param.areaNames) === -1;
        return isValueOneOfTheAreaNames;
    });

$.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.add('checkforareaexisting', ['areanames'], function (options) {
    options.rules['checkforareaexisting'] = { areaNames: options.params.areanames.split(',') };
    options.messages['checkforareaexisting'] = options.message;
});

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>_Layout</title>
    <style>

    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        @RenderBody()
    </div>
    <script src="~/Scripts/Jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/Scripts/CustomValidation.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

using SampleProject.CustomValidators;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public class Channel
    {
        public string ChannelTitle { get; set; }
        [Required]
        [CheckForAreaExisting(ErrorMessage = "You can't use this url for your channel!")]
        public string ChannelUrl { get; set; }
    }
}

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult CheckForAreaExisting(string channelUrl)
{
    var isValueOneOfTheAreaNames = Utility.GetAllAreaNames()
                                   .SingleOrDefault(area => area == channelUrl.ToLower()) == null;
    return Json(isValueOneOfTheAreaNames);
}  

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace SampleProject.Models
{
    public class Channel
    {
        public string ChannelTitle { get; set; }
        [Required]
        [Remote("CheckForAreaExisting", "Channel",
            ErrorMessage = "You can't use this url for your channel!",
            HttpMethod = "Post")]
        public string ChannelUrl { get; set; }
    }
}

var state = Battery.State; //  Charging, Full, Discharging, ...

   [DataContract]
    public class Book
    {
        [DataMember]
        public int Code { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        public string Title { get; set; }
    }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace WcfLambdaExpression
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IBookService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        IEnumerable<Book> GetByExpression( Expression<Func<Book, bool>> expression );
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;

namespace WcfLambdaExpression
{    
    public class BookService : IBookService
    {        
        public BookService()
        {
            ListOfBook = new List<Book>();
        }

        public List<Book> ListOfBook 
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        public IEnumerable<Book> GetByExpression( Expression<Func<Book, bool>> expression )
        {
            ListOfBook.AddRange( new Book[] 
            {
                new Book(){Code = 1 , Title = "Book1"},
                new Book(){Code = 2 , Title = "Book2"},
                new Book(){Code = 3 , Title = "Book3"},
                new Book(){Code = 4 , Title = "Book4"},
                new Book(){Code = 5 , Title = "Book5"},
            } );

            return ListOfBook.AsQueryable().Where( expression );
        }       
    }
}

Type 'System.Linq.Expressions.Expression`1[System.Func`2[WcfLambdaExpression.Book,System.Boolean]]' cannot be serialized. 
Consider marking it with the DataContractAttribute attribute, and marking all of its members you want serialized with the DataMemberAttribute attribute.  
If the type is a collection, consider marking it with the CollectionDataContractAttribute.  
See the Microsoft .NET Framework documentation for other supported types

[ServiceContract]
    public interface IBookService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        IEnumerable<Book> GetByExpression( XElement expression );
    }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace WcfLambdaExpression
{
    public class BookService : IBookService
    {
        public BookService()
        {
            ListOfBook = new List<Book>();
        }

        public List<Book> ListOfBook
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        public IEnumerable<Book> GetByExpression( XElement expression )
        {
            ListOfBook.AddRange( new Book[] 
            {
                new Book(){Code = 1 , Title = "Book1"},
                new Book(){Code = 2 , Title = "Book2"},
                new Book(){Code = 3 , Title = "Book3"},
                new Book(){Code = 4 , Title = "Book4"},
                new Book(){Code = 5 , Title = "Book5"},
            } );

             Common.ExpressionSerializer serializer = new Common.ExpressionSerializer();

            return ListOfBook.AsQueryable().Where( serializer.Deserialize( expression ) as Expression<Func<Book, bool>> );
        }
    }