public class Startup 
{ 
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) 
    { 
        // ... 
         
        services.AddTransient<ICustomerService, DefaultCustomerService>(); 
         
        // ... 
    } 
}

public class SupportController 
{ 
    // DefaultCustomerService will be injected here: 
    public SupportController(ICustomerService customerService) 
    { 
        // ... 
    } 
}

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection
{
    public static class ServiceCollectionServiceExtensions
    {
        public static IServiceCollection AddScoped<TService>(
     this IServiceCollection services) where TService : class;
        public static IServiceCollection AddScoped(
     this IServiceCollection services, Type serviceType, Type implementationType);
        public static IServiceCollection AddScoped(
     this IServiceCollection services, Type serviceType, 
 Func<IServiceProvider, object> implementationFactory);
        public static IServiceCollection AddScoped<TService, TImplementation>(this IServiceCollection services)
        public static IServiceCollection AddScoped(
     this IServiceCollection services, Type serviceType);
        public static IServiceCollection AddScoped<TService>(
     this IServiceCollection services, 
 Func<IServiceProvider, TService> implementationFactory) where TService : class;
        public static IServiceCollection AddScoped<TService, TImplementation>(
     this IServiceCollection services, 
 Func<IServiceProvider, TImplementation> implementationFactory)
// ...
    }
}

namespace CoreIocServices
{
    public interface IParameterizedService
    {
        string GetConstructorParameter();
    }

    public class ParameterizedService : IParameterizedService
    {
        private readonly string _connectionString;

        public ParameterizedService(string connectionString)
        {
            _connectionString = connectionString;
        }

        public string GetConstructorParameter()
        {
            return _connectionString;
        }
    }
}

services.AddTransient<IParameterizedService, ParameterizedService>();

services.AddTransient<IParameterizedService>(serviceProvider =>
{
   return new ParameterizedService("some value ....");
});

services.AddTransient<IParameterizedService>(serviceProvider => new ParameterizedService("some value ...."));

services.AddTransient<IParameterizedService>(serviceProvider =>
{
   var config = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ITestService>().GetConfigValue();
   return new ParameterizedService(config);
});

services.AddScoped<IUrlHelper>(serviceProvider =>
{
   var actionContext = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IActionContextAccessor>().ActionContext;
   var urlHelperFactory = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IUrlHelperFactory>();
   return urlHelperFactory.GetUrlHelper(actionContext);
});

namespace Services
{
    public class OrderHandler : IOrderHandler
    {
        private readonly IAccounting _accounting;
        private readonly ISales _sales;
        public OrderHandler(IAccounting accounting, ISales sales)
        {

   public class OrderHandlerLazy : IOrderHandler
    {
        public OrderHandlerLazy(Lazy<IAccounting> accounting, Lazy<ISales> sales)
        {

services.AddTransient<IOrderHandler, OrderHandlerLazy>();
services.AddTransient<IAccounting, Accounting>()
            .AddTransient(serviceProvider => new Lazy<IAccounting>(() => serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IAccounting>()));
services.AddTransient<ISales, Sales>()
           .AddTransient(serviceProvider => new Lazy<ISales>(() => serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ISales>()));

services.AddTransient<IMyDisposableService, MyDisposableService>();

public class AnotherController 
{ 
    public AnotherController(MyDisposableService customerService) 
    { 
        // ... 
    } 
}

An unhandled exception occurred while processing the request. 
InvalidOperationException: Unable to resolve service for type ‘MyDisposableService’ while attempting to activate ‘AnotherController’. 
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ActivatorUtilities.GetService(IServiceProvider sp, Type type, Type requiredBy, bool isDefaultParameterRequired)

services.AddTransient<IMyDisposableService, MyDisposableService>();
services.AddTransient<MyDisposableService>(serviceProvider =>
serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IMyDisposableService>() as MyDisposableService);

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using iTextSharp.text;
using iTextSharp.text.pdf;
using iTextSharp.text.pdf.parser;

namespace TestReaders
{
    class Program
    {
        private static void readPdf1()
        {
            var reader = new PdfReader("test.pdf");
            int intPageNum = reader.NumberOfPages;
            for (int i = 1; i <= intPageNum; i++)
            {
               var text = PdfTextExtractor.GetTextFromPage(reader, i, new SimpleTextExtractionStrategy());
                File.WriteAllText("page-" + i + "-text.txt", text);
            }
            reader.Close();
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            readPdf1();
        }
    }
}

 Test
ld Wor llo He
Hello People

        private static void readPdf2()
        {
            var reader = new PdfReader("test.pdf");
            int intPageNum = reader.NumberOfPages;
            for (int i = 1; i <= intPageNum; i++)
            {
                var text = PdfTextExtractor.GetTextFromPage(reader, i, new LocationTextExtractionStrategy());
                File.WriteAllText("page-" + i + "-text.txt", text);
            }
            reader.Close();
        }

 Test
Hello World
Hello People

        static void writePdf2()
        {
            using (var document = new Document(PageSize.A4))
            {
                var writer = PdfWriter.GetInstance(document, new FileStream("test.pdf", FileMode.Create));
                document.Open();

                FontFactory.Register("c:\\windows\\fonts\\tahoma.ttf");
                var tahoma = FontFactory.GetFont("tahoma", BaseFont.IDENTITY_H);

                ColumnText.ShowTextAligned(
                            canvas: writer.DirectContent,
                            alignment: Element.ALIGN_CENTER,
                            phrase: new Phrase("تست می‌شود", tahoma),
                            x: 100,
                            y: 100,
                            rotation: 0,
                            runDirection: PdfWriter.RUN_DIRECTION_RTL,
                            arabicOptions: 0);                
            }

            Process.Start("test.pdf");
        }

ﺩﻮﺷﻲﻣ ﺖﺴﺗ

        private static void readPdf2()
        {
            var reader = new PdfReader("test.pdf");
            int intPageNum = reader.NumberOfPages;
            for (int i = 1; i <= intPageNum; i++)
            {
                var text = PdfTextExtractor.GetTextFromPage(reader, i, new LocationTextExtractionStrategy());                
                text = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text));
                File.WriteAllText("page-" + i + "-text.txt", text, Encoding.UTF8);
            }
            reader.Close();
        }

 ﺩﻮﺷﻲﻣ ﺖﺴﺗ

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security;

namespace TestReaders
{
    [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
    class GdiMethods
    {
        [DllImport("GDI32.dll")]
        public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hgdiobj);

        [DllImport("gdi32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern uint GetCharacterPlacement(IntPtr hdc, string lpString, int nCount, int nMaxExtent, [In, Out] ref GcpResults lpResults, uint dwFlags);

        [DllImport("GDI32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hdc, IntPtr hgdiobj);
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    struct GcpResults
    {
        public uint lStructSize;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)]
        public string lpOutString;
        public IntPtr lpOrder;
        public IntPtr lpDx;
        public IntPtr lpCaretPos;
        public IntPtr lpClass;
        public IntPtr lpGlyphs;
        public uint nGlyphs;
        public int nMaxFit;
    }

    public class UnicodeCharacterPlacement
    {
        const int GcpReorder = 0x0002;
        GCHandle _caretPosHandle;
        GCHandle _classHandle;
        GCHandle _dxHandle;
        GCHandle _glyphsHandle;
        GCHandle _orderHandle;

        public Font Font { set; get; }

        public string Apply(string lines)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(lines))
                return string.Empty;

            return Apply(lines.Split('\n')).Aggregate((s1, s2) => s1 + s2);
        }

        public IEnumerable<string> Apply(IEnumerable<string> lines)
        {
            if (Font == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("Font is null.");

            if (!hasUnicodeText(lines))
                return lines;

            var graphics = Graphics.FromHwnd(IntPtr.Zero);
            var hdc = graphics.GetHdc();
            try
            {
                var font = (Font)Font.Clone();
                var hFont = font.ToHfont();
                var fontObject = GdiMethods.SelectObject(hdc, hFont);
                try
                {
                    var results = new List<string>();
                    foreach (var line in lines)
                        results.Add(modifyCharactersPlacement(line, hdc));
                    return results;
                }
                finally
                {
                    GdiMethods.DeleteObject(fontObject);
                    GdiMethods.DeleteObject(hFont);
                    font.Dispose();
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                graphics.ReleaseHdc(hdc);
                graphics.Dispose();
            }
        }

        void freeResources()
        {
            _orderHandle.Free();
            _dxHandle.Free();
            _caretPosHandle.Free();
            _classHandle.Free();
            _glyphsHandle.Free();
        }

        static bool hasUnicodeText(IEnumerable<string> lines)
        {
            return lines.Any(line => line.Any(chr => chr >= '\u00FF'));
        }

        void initializeResources(int textLength)
        {
            _orderHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(new int[textLength], GCHandleType.Pinned);
            _dxHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(new int[textLength], GCHandleType.Pinned);
            _caretPosHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(new int[textLength], GCHandleType.Pinned);
            _classHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(new byte[textLength], GCHandleType.Pinned);
            _glyphsHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(new short[textLength], GCHandleType.Pinned);
        }

        string modifyCharactersPlacement(string text, IntPtr hdc)
        {
            var textLength = text.Length;
            initializeResources(textLength);
            try
            {
                var gcpResult = new GcpResults
                {
                    lStructSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(GcpResults)),
                    lpOutString = new String('\0', textLength),
                    lpOrder = _orderHandle.AddrOfPinnedObject(),
                    lpDx = _dxHandle.AddrOfPinnedObject(),
                    lpCaretPos = _caretPosHandle.AddrOfPinnedObject(),
                    lpClass = _classHandle.AddrOfPinnedObject(),
                    lpGlyphs = _glyphsHandle.AddrOfPinnedObject(),
                    nGlyphs = (uint)textLength,
                    nMaxFit = 0
                };
                var result = GdiMethods.GetCharacterPlacement(hdc, text, textLength, 0, ref gcpResult, GcpReorder);
                return result != 0 ? gcpResult.lpOutString : text;
            }
            finally
            {
                freeResources();
            }
        }
    }
}

        private static void readPdf2()
        {
            var reader = new PdfReader("test.pdf");
            int intPageNum = reader.NumberOfPages;
            for (int i = 1; i <= intPageNum; i++)
            {
                var text = PdfTextExtractor.GetTextFromPage(reader, i, new LocationTextExtractionStrategy());
                text = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text));
                text = new UnicodeCharacterPlacement
                {
                    Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Tahoma", 12)
                }.Apply(text);
                File.WriteAllText("page-" + i + "-text.txt", text, Encoding.UTF8);
            }
            reader.Close();
        }

 dotnet new mvc

 ng new SignalRCore2Client

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp2.0</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.All" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR" Version="1.0.0-alpha1-final" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Tools" Version="2.0.0" />
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.DotNet.Watcher.Tools" Version="2.0.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

 dotnet restore

 dotnet watch run

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;

namespace SignalRCore2WebApp.Hubs
{
    public class MessageHub : Hub
    {
        public Task Send(string message)
        {
            return Clients.All.InvokeAsync("Send", message);
        }
    }
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
   services.AddSignalR();
   services.AddMvc();
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
   app.UseSignalR(routes =>
   {
      routes.MapHub<MessageHub>(path: "message");
    });

  http://localhost:5000/message

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;
using SignalRCore2WebApp.Hubs;

namespace SignalRCore2WebApp.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IHubContext<MessageHub> _messageHubContext;
        public HomeController(IHubContext<MessageHub> messageHubContext)
        {
            _messageHubContext = messageHubContext;
        }

        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return View(); // show the view
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<IActionResult> Index(string message)
        {
            await _messageHubContext.Clients.All.InvokeAsync("Send", message);
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Home Page";
}

<form method="post"
      asp-action="Index"
      asp-controller="Home"
      role="form">
  <div class="form-group">
     <label label-for="message">Message: </label>
     <input id="message" name="message" class="form-control"/>
  </div>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Send</button>
</form>

 npm install @aspnet/signalr-client --save

import { Component, OnInit } from "@angular/core";
import { HubConnection } from "@aspnet/signalr-client";

@Component({
  selector: "app-root",
  templateUrl: "./app.component.html",
  styleUrls: ["./app.component.css"]
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  hubPath = "http://localhost:5000/message";
  messages: string[] = [];

  ngOnInit(): void {
    const connection = new HubConnection(this.hubPath);
    connection.on("send", data => {
      this.messages.push(data);
    });
    connection.start().then(() => {
      // connection.invoke("send", "Hello");
      console.log("connected.");
    });
  }
}

<div>
  <h1>
    The messages from the server:
  </h1>
  <ul>
    <li *ngFor="let message of messages">
      {{message}}
    </li>
  </ul>
</div>

  ng serve -o

 Failed to load http://localhost:5000/message: Response to preflight request doesn't pass access control check: No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource. Origin 'http://localhost:4200' is therefore not allowed access.

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddSignalR();
    services.AddCors(options =>
            {
                options.AddPolicy("CorsPolicy",
                    builder => builder
                        .AllowAnyOrigin()
                        .AllowAnyMethod()
                        .AllowAnyHeader()
                        .AllowCredentials());
            });
    services.AddMvc();
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
   app.UseCors(policyName: "CorsPolicy");

namespace SameInterfaceDifferentClasses.Services.Contracts
{
  public interface IMessageService
  {
   void Send(string message);
  }
}

public class EmailService : IMessageService
{
  public void Send(string message)
  {
   // ...
  }
}

public class SmsService : IMessageService
{
  public void Send(string message)
  {
   //todo: ...
  }
}

public interface IUsersManagerService
{
  void ValidateUserByEmail(int id);
}

public class UsersManagerService : IUsersManagerService
{
  private readonly IMessageService _emailService;
  private readonly IMessageService _smsService;
 
  public UsersManagerService(IMessageService emailService, IMessageService smsService)
  {
   _emailService = emailService;
   _smsService = smsService;
  }
 
  public void ValidateUserByEmail(int id)
  {
   _emailService.Send("Validated.");
  }
}

ioc.For<IMessageService>().Use<SmsService>();
ioc.For<IMessageService>().Use<EmailService>();

public static class SmObjectFactory
{
  private static readonly Lazy<Container> _containerBuilder =
   new Lazy<Container>(defaultContainer, LazyThreadSafetyMode.ExecutionAndPublication);
 
  public static IContainer Container
  {
   get { return _containerBuilder.Value; }
  }
 
  private static Container defaultContainer()
  {
   return new Container(ioc =>
   {
    // map same interface to different concrete classes
    ioc.For<IMessageService>().Use<SmsService>();
    ioc.For<IMessageService>().Use<EmailService>();
 
    ioc.For<IUsersManagerService>().Use<UsersManagerService>()
     .Ctor<IMessageService>("smsService").Is<SmsService>()
     .Ctor<IMessageService>("emailService").Is<EmailService>();
   });
  }
}

 var usersManagerService = SmObjectFactory.Container.GetInstance<IUsersManagerService>();
usersManagerService.ValidateUserByEmail(id: 1);

3- ممکن است بخواهید هنگام رفتن از صفحه‌ای به صفحه دیگر، پارامتر نیز ارسال کنید. اگر برای مثال صفحه اول لیست محصولات را نمایش می‌دهد و با زدن روی هر محصول قرار است به صفحه‌ای برویم که جزئیات آن محصول را ببینیم، بهتر است Id آن محصول به صورت پارامتر به صفحه دوم ارسال شود. برای این کار داریم:

await NavigationService.NavigateAsync("ProductDetail", new NavigationParameters
{
      { "productId", productId }
});

حال سؤال این است که در صفحه جزئیات یک محصول، چگونه productId را بگیریم؟ فرض کنید دو صفحه ProductsList و ProductDetail را داریم. هر صفحه دارای View و View Model است. در ViewModel مربوط به ProductDetail، یعنی ProductDetailViewModel که از BitViewModelBase ارث بری کرده‌است، می‌توانیم متد OnNavigatedToAsync را override کنیم. در آنجا به پارامترهای ارسال شده دسترسی داریم:

public async override Task OnNavigatedToAsync(INavigationParameters parameters)
{
      await base.OnNavigatedToAsync(parameters);
      Guid productId = parameters.GetValue<Guid>("productId");
}

هر ViewModel علاوه بر OnNavigatedTo می تواند دارای OnNavigatedFrom هم باشد که زمانیکه داریم از صفحه مربوطه خارج می‌شویم، فراخوانی می‌شود.

4- برای نمایش صفحه به صورت Popup کافی است بجای اینکه View ما یک Content Page باشد، یک PopupPage باشد (برای درک بهتر، فایل IntroView.xaml را در فولدر Views باز کنید).

حتی می‌توانید Animation مربوط به باز شدن پاپ آپ را هم کاملا Customize کنید. مثلا زمان باز شدن، از سمت راست صفحه وارد شود و زمان خارج شدن، Fade out شود. باز کردن Popup در Navigation Page معنی نمی‌دهد، پس با Nav/ در اینجا کاری نداریم. در مثال ما، بعد از لاگین می‌خواهیم یک صفحه Intro شامل هشدارها و راهنمایی‌های اولیه را در قالب Popup به کاربر نمایش دهیم. Popup‌ها می‌توانند همچون Content Page‌ها، دارای View Model باشند و مواردی چون OnNavigatedTo، ارسال پارامتر و هر آنچه که گفته شد، در مورد آنها نیز صدق می‌کند.

5- برای Master/Detail کافی است بجای Nav/HelloWorld/ از MasterDetail/Nav/HelloWorld/ استفاده کنید. این عمل باعث می‌شود HelloWorld در داخل Navigation Page و Navigation Page داخل Master Detail باز شود. از این ساده‌تر امکان ندارد!

برای تغییر UI مربوط به Master که از سمت چپ باز می‌شود، فایل XamAppMasterDetailView.xaml را تغییر دهید.

در قسمت بعدی به جزئیات Binding خواهیم پرداخت.

public Task<IActionResult> RefreshToken([FromBody]JToken jsonBody)
{
   var refreshToken = jsonBody.Value<string>("refreshToken");

public class EntityData
{
    public string RefreshToken { get; set; }
}

 public class SomeName
{
    public virtual User User { get; set; }
}

   [ForeignKey("UserId")]
  public virtual User User { set; get; }
  public int? UserId { set; get; }