@Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.AccountType, new SelectList(Enum.GetNames(typeof(Enums.AccountType))))

public enum AccountType : byte
{
   مدیر = 0,
   کاربر_حقیقی = 1,
   کاربر_حقوقی = 2,
}

namespace MvcApplication1.Models
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public abstract class PropertyBindAttribute : Attribute
    {
        public abstract bool BindProperty(ControllerContext controllerContext,
        ModelBindingContext bindingContext, PropertyDescriptor propertyDescriptor);
    }

    public class ExtendedModelBinder : DefaultModelBinder
    {
        protected override void BindProperty(ControllerContext controllerContext,
            ModelBindingContext bindingContext, PropertyDescriptor propertyDescriptor)
        {
            if (propertyDescriptor.Attributes.OfType<PropertyBindAttribute>().Any())
            {
                var modelBindAttr = propertyDescriptor.Attributes.OfType<PropertyBindAttribute>().FirstOrDefault();

                if (modelBindAttr.BindProperty(controllerContext, bindingContext, propertyDescriptor))
                    return;
            }

            base.BindProperty(controllerContext, bindingContext, propertyDescriptor);
        }
    }
}

    public class AccountTypeBindAttribute : PropertyBindAttribute
    {
        public override bool BindProperty(ControllerContext controllerContext,
            ModelBindingContext bindingContext, PropertyDescriptor propertyDescriptor)
        {
            if (propertyDescriptor.PropertyType == typeof(byte))
            {
                HttpRequestBase request = controllerContext.HttpContext.Request;

                byte accountType = (byte)Enum.Parse(typeof(Enums.AccountType), request.Form["AccountType"]);
                propertyDescriptor.SetValue(bindingContext.Model, accountType);

                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    }  

[AccountTypeBindAttribute]
public byte AccountType { get; set; }

ModelBinders.Binders.DefaultBinder = new ExtendedModelBinder();

   The field نوع کاربر : must be a number.     

@Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.AccountType, new SelectList(Enum.GetNames(typeof(Enums.AccountType))),new Dictionary<string, object>() {{ "data-val", "false" }})

if (request.Properties.ContainsKey["MS_HttpContext"]) 
{
    var ctx = request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"] as HttpContextWrapper;
    if (ctx != null)
    {
        var ip = ctx.Request.UserHostAddress;       
    }
}

public static class HttpRequestMessageExtensions
{
    private const string HttpContext = "MS_HttpContext";

    public static string GetClientIpAddress(this HttpRequestMessage request)
    {
        if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(HttpContext))
        {
            dynamic ctx = request.Properties[HttpContext];
            if (ctx != null)
            {
                return ctx.Request.UserHostAddress;
            }
        }      
        return null;
    }
}

if (request.Properties.ContainsKey[RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name]) 
{
    var remote = request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name] as RemoteEndpointMessageProperty;

    if (remote != null)
    {
        var ip = remote.Address;        
    }
}

public static class HttpRequestMessageExtensions
{
    private const string HttpContext = "MS_HttpContext";
    private const string RemoteEndpointMessage = "System.ServiceModel.Channels.RemoteEndpointMessageProperty";

    public static string GetClientIpAddress(this HttpRequestMessage request)
    {
        if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(HttpContext))
        {
            dynamic ctx = request.Properties[HttpContext];
            if (ctx != null)
            {
                return ctx.Request.UserHostAddress;
            }
        }

        if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessage))
        {
            dynamic remoteEndpoint = request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessage];
            if (remoteEndpoint != null)
            {
                return remoteEndpoint.Address;
            }
        }

        return null;
    }
}

public class MyHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
 private readonly HashSet<string> deniedIps;

    protected override Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {

      if (deniedIps.Contains(request.GetClientIpAddress()))
        {            
            return Task.FromResult( new HttpResponseMessage( HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized ) );
        }

        return base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);
    }
}

public class IpMiddleware : OwinMiddleware
{
    private readonly HashSet<string> _deniedIps;

    public IpMiddleware(OwinMiddleware next, HashSet<string> deniedIps) :
        base(next)
    {
        _deniedIps = deniedIps;
    }

    public override async Task Invoke(OwinRequest request, OwinResponse response)
    {
        var ipAddress = (string)request.Environment["server.RemoteIpAddress"];

        if (_deniedIps.Contains(ipAddress))
        {
            response.StatusCode = 403;
            return;
        }

        await Next.Invoke(request, response);
    }
}

public class ProductViewModel
{
    Public int ProductId {get; set;}
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Rrp { get; set; }
    public string SellingPrice { get; set; }
    public string Discount { get; set; }
    public string Savings { get; set; }
}

using SoCPatterns.Layered.Model;

namespace SoCPatterns.Layered.Service
{
    public class ProductListRequest
    {
        public CustomerType CustomerType { get; set; }
    }
}

public class ProductListResponse
{
    public bool Success { get; set; }
    public string Message { get; set; }
    public IList<ProductViewModel> Products { get; set; }
}

public static class ProductMapperExtensionMethods
{
    public static ProductViewModel ConvertToProductViewModel(this Model.Product product)
    {
        ProductViewModel productViewModel = new ProductViewModel();
        productViewModel.ProductId = product.Id;
        productViewModel.Name = product.Name;
        productViewModel.RRP = String.Format(“{0:C}”, product.Price.RRP);
        productViewModel.SellingPrice = String.Format(“{0:C}”, product.Price.SellingPrice);
        if (product.Price.Discount > 0)
            productViewModel.Discount = String.Format(“{0:C}”, product.Price.Discount);
        if (product.Price.Savings < 1 && product.Price.Savings > 0)
            productViewModel.Savings = product.Price.Savings.ToString(“#%”);
        return productViewModel;
    }
    public static IList<ProductViewModel> ConvertToProductListViewModel(
        this IList<Model.Product> products)
    {
        IList<ProductViewModel> productViewModels = new List<ProductViewModel>();
        foreach(Model.Product p in products)
        {
            productViewModels.Add(p.ConvertToProductViewModel());
        }
        return productViewModels;
    }
}

public class ProductService
{
    private Model.ProductService _productService;
    public ProductService(Model.ProductService ProductService)
    {
        _productService = ProductService;
    }
    public ProductListResponse GetAllProductsFor(
        ProductListRequest productListRequest)
    {
        ProductListResponse productListResponse = new ProductListResponse();
        try
        {
            IList<Model.Product> productEntities =
                _productService.GetAllProductsFor(productListRequest.CustomerType);
            productListResponse.Products = productEntities.ConvertToProductListViewModel();
            productListResponse.Success = true;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            // Log the exception…
            productListResponse.Success = false;
            // Return a friendly error message
            productListResponse.Message = ex.Message;
        }
        return productListResponse;
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using SoCPatterns.Layered.Model;

namespace SoCPatterns.Layered.Repository
{
    public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository
    {
        public IList<Model.Product> FindAll()
        {
            var products = from p in new ShopDataContext().Products
                                select new Model.Product
                                {
                                    Id = p.ProductId,
                                    Name = p.ProductName,
                                    Price = new Model.Price(p.Rrp, p.SellingPrice)
                                };
            return products.ToList();
        }
    }
}

using SoCPatterns.Layered.Service;

public interface IProductListView
{
    void Display(IList<ProductViewModel> Products);
    Model.CustomerType CustomerType { get; }
    string ErrorMessage { set; }
}

using SoCPatterns.Layered.Service;

namespace SoCPatterns.Layered.Presentation
{
    public class ProductListPresenter
    {
        private IProductListView _productListView;
        private Service.ProductService _productService;
        public ProductListPresenter(IProductListView ProductListView,
            Service.ProductService ProductService)
        {
            _productService = ProductService;
            _productListView = ProductListView;
        }
        public void Display()
        {
            ProductListRequest productListRequest = new ProductListRequest();
            productListRequest.CustomerType = _productListView.CustomerType;
            ProductListResponse productResponse =
                _productService.GetAllProductsFor(productListRequest);
            if (productResponse.Success)
            {
                _productListView.Display(productResponse.Products);
            }
            else
            {
                _productListView.ErrorMessage = productResponse.Message;
            }
        }
    }
}

http://hostname/api/products/28

namespace ProductStore.Models
{
    public class Product
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Category { get; set; }
        public decimal Price { get; set; }
    }
}

namespace ProductStore.Models
{
    public interface IProductRepository
    {
        IEnumerable<Product> GetAll();
        Product Get(int id);
        Product Add(Product item);
        void Remove(int id);
        bool Update(Product item);
    }
}

namespace ProductStore.Models
{
    public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository
    {
        private List<Product> products = new List<Product>();
        private int _nextId = 1;

        public ProductRepository()
        {
            Add(new Product { Name = "Tomato soup", Category = "Groceries", Price = 1.39M });
            Add(new Product { Name = "Yo-yo", Category = "Toys", Price = 3.75M });
            Add(new Product { Name = "Hammer", Category = "Hardware", Price = 16.99M });
        }

        public IEnumerable<Product> GetAll()
        {
            return products;
        }

        public Product Get(int id)
        {
            return products.Find(p => p.Id == id);
        }

        public Product Add(Product item)
        {
            if (item == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
            }
            item.Id = _nextId++;
            products.Add(item);
            return item;
        }

        public void Remove(int id)
        {
            products.RemoveAll(p => p.Id == id);
        }

        public bool Update(Product item)
        {
            if (item == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
            }
            int index = products.FindIndex(p => p.Id == item.Id);
            if (index == -1)
            {
                return false;
            }
            products.RemoveAt(index);
            products.Add(item);
            return true;
        }
    }
}

using ProductStore.Models;

public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
    static readonly IProductRepository repository = new ProductRepository();
}

public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
    public IEnumerable<Product> GetAllProducts()
    {
        return repository.GetAll();
    }
    // ....
}

public Product GetProduct(int id)
{
    Product item = repository.Get(id);
    if (item == null)
    {
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); 
    }
    return item;
}

public IEnumerable<Product> GetProductsByCategory(string category)
{
    return repository.GetAll().Where(
        p => string.Equals(p.Category, category, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
}

// Not the final implementation!
public Product PostProduct(Product item)
{
    item = repository.Add(item);
    return item;
}

public HttpResponseMessage PostProduct(Product item)
{
    item = repository.Add(item);
    var response = Request.CreateResponse<Product>(HttpStatusCode.Created, item);

    string uri = Url.Link("DefaultApi", new { id = item.Id });
    response.Headers.Location = new Uri(uri);
    return response;
}

public void PutProduct(int id, Product product)
{
    product.Id = id;
    if (!repository.Update(product))
    {
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
    }
}

public void DeleteProduct(int id)
{
    Product item = repository.Get(id);
    if (item == null)
    {
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
    }

    repository.Remove(id);
}