//It's only for code review purpose!  
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Web.Configuration;


public sealed class SqlHelper
{
    private SqlHelper() { }

    
    //  Send Connection String
    //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public static string GetCntString()
    {
        return WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["db_ConnectionString"].ConnectionString;
    }

   
    //  Connect to Data Base SqlServer
    //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public static SqlConnection Connect2Db(ref SqlConnection sqlCnt, string cntString)
    {
        try
        {
            if (sqlCnt == null) sqlCnt = new SqlConnection();
            sqlCnt.ConnectionString = cntString;
            if (sqlCnt.State != ConnectionState.Open) sqlCnt.Open();
            return sqlCnt;
        }
        catch (SqlException)
        {
            return null;
        }
    }

  
    //  Run ExecuteScalar Command
    //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public static string RunExecuteScalarCmd(ref SqlConnection sqlCnt, string strCmd, bool blnClose)
    {
        Connect2Db(ref sqlCnt, GetCntString());
        using (sqlCnt)
        {
            using(SqlCommand sqlCmd = sqlCnt.CreateCommand())
            {
                sqlCmd.CommandText = strCmd;
                object objResult = sqlCmd.ExecuteScalar();
                if (blnClose) CloseCnt(ref sqlCnt, true);
                return (objResult == null) ? string.Empty : objResult.ToString();
            }
        }
    }

    //   Close SqlServer Connection
    //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public static bool CloseCnt(ref SqlConnection sqlCnt, bool nullSqlCnt)
    {
        try
        {
            if (sqlCnt == null) return true;
            if (sqlCnt.State == ConnectionState.Open)
            {
                sqlCnt.Close();
                sqlCnt.Dispose();
            }
            if (nullSqlCnt) sqlCnt = null;
            return true;
        }
        catch (SqlException)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }   
}

protected void BtnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SqlConnection sqlCnt = new SqlConnection();
            string strQuery = "SELECT COUNT(UnitPrice) AS PriceCount FROM [Order Details]";


            // در این مرحله پارامتر سوم یعنی کانکشن باز نگه داشته شود
            string strResult = SqlHelper.RunExecuteScalarCmd(ref sqlCnt, strQuery, false);



            strQuery = "SELECT LastName + N'-' + FirstName AS FullName FROM Employees WHERE (EmployeeID = 9)";
            // در این مرحله پارامتر سوم یعنی کانکشن بسته شود
            strResult = SqlHelper.RunExecuteScalarCmd(ref sqlCnt, strQuery, true);
        }

/// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sqlCnt"></param>
    /// <param name="cntString"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static SqlConnection Connect2Db(ref SqlConnection sqlCnt, string cntString)

public static IQueryable<T> ApplyFiltering<T>(
          this IQueryable<T> query,
          IPagedQueryModel model,
          IDictionary<string, Expression<Func<T, object>>> columnsMap)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(model.FilterByValue) || !columnsMap.ContainsKey(model.FilterByColumn))
            {
                return query;
            }

            var func = columnsMap[model.FilterByColumn].Compile();
            return query.Where(x => func(x).ToString().Contains( model.FilterByValue.Trim()));
        }

    public class BackgroundWorkerViewModel : BaseViewModel
    {
        private List<string> _myData;

        public BackgroundWorkerViewModel()
        {
            LoadDataCommand = new RelayCommand(OnLoadData);
        }

        public RelayCommand LoadDataCommand { get; set; }

        public List<string> MyData
        {
            get { return _myData; }
            set
            {
                _myData = value;
                RaisePropertyChanged(() => MyData);
            }
        }

        public bool IsBusy { get; set; }

        private void OnLoadData()
        {
            var backgroundWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
            backgroundWorker.DoWork += (sender, e) =>
                             {
                                 MyData = new List<string> {"Test"};
                                 Thread.Sleep(1000);
                             };
            backgroundWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += (sender, e) => { IsBusy = false; };
            backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
        }
    }

    [TestFixture]
    public class BackgroundWorkerViewModelTest
    {
        #region Setup/Teardown

        [SetUp]
        public void SetUp()
        {
            _backgroundWorkerViewModel = new BackgroundWorkerViewModel();
        }

        #endregion

        private BackgroundWorkerViewModel _backgroundWorkerViewModel;

        [Test]
        public void TestGetData()
        {
              
            _backgroundWorkerViewModel.LoadDataCommand.Execute(_backgroundWorkerViewModel);

            Assert.NotNull(_backgroundWorkerViewModel.MyData);
            Assert.IsNotEmpty(_backgroundWorkerViewModel.MyData);
        }
    }

   public interface IWorker
    {
        void Run(DoWorkEventHandler doWork);
        void Run(DoWorkEventHandler doWork, RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler onComplete);
    }

    public class AsyncWorker : IWorker
    {
        public void Run(DoWorkEventHandler doWork)
        {
            Run(doWork, null);
        }

        public void Run(DoWorkEventHandler doWork, RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler onComplete)
        {
            var backgroundWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
            backgroundWorker.DoWork += doWork;
            if (onComplete != null)
                backgroundWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += onComplete;
            backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
            

        }
    }

    public class SyncWorker : IWorker
    {
        #region IWorker Members

        public void Run(DoWorkEventHandler doWork)
        {
            Run(doWork, null);
        }

        public void Run(DoWorkEventHandler doWork, RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler onComplete)
        {
            Exception error = null;
            var doWorkEventArgs = new DoWorkEventArgs(null);
            try
            {
                doWork(this, doWorkEventArgs);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                error = ex;
                throw;
            }
            finally
            {
                onComplete(this, new RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs(doWorkEventArgs.Result, error, doWorkEventArgs.Cancel));
            }
        }

        #endregion
    }

    public class BackgroundWorkerViewModel : BaseViewModel
    {
        private readonly IWorker _worker;
        private List<string> _myData;

        public BackgroundWorkerViewModel(IWorker worker)
        {
            _worker = worker;
            LoadDataCommand = new RelayCommand(OnLoadData);
        }

        public RelayCommand LoadDataCommand { get; set; }

        public List<string> MyData
        {
            get { return _myData; }
            set
            {
                _myData = value;
                RaisePropertyChanged(() => MyData);
            }
        }

        public bool IsBusy { get; set; }

        private void OnLoadData()
        {
            IsBusy = true; // view is bound to IsBusy to show 'loading' message.

            _worker.Run(
                (sender, e) =>
                    {
                        MyData = new List<string> {"Test"};
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                    },
                (sender, e) => { IsBusy = false; });
        }
    }

    [TestFixture]
    public class BackgroundWorkerViewModelTest
    {
        #region Setup/Teardown

        [SetUp]
        public void SetUp()
        {
            _backgroundWorkerViewModel = new BackgroundWorkerViewModel(new SyncWorker());
        }

        #endregion

        private BackgroundWorkerViewModel _backgroundWorkerViewModel;

        [Test]
        public void TestGetData()
        {
              
            _backgroundWorkerViewModel.LoadDataCommand.Execute(_backgroundWorkerViewModel);

            Assert.NotNull(_backgroundWorkerViewModel.MyData);
            Assert.IsNotEmpty(_backgroundWorkerViewModel.MyData);
        }
    }

public static Task RunAndDispose(Func<Task> action)

_categoryService.AddNewCategory(category);
_uow.SaveAllChanges();

throw new InvalidOperationException();

return RedirectToAction("Index");

var i = 28;
TypedReference tr = __makeref( i );
Type t = __reftype( tr );
Console.WriteLine( t );
int rv = __refvalue( tr, int );
Console.WriteLine( rv );
ArglistTest.DisplayNumbers( __arglist( 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 ) );

public static class ArglistTest
{
    public static void DisplayNumbers( __arglist )
    {
        var ai = new ArgIterator( __arglist );
        while ( ai.GetRemainingCount() > 0 )
        {
            var tr = ai.GetNextArg();
            Console.WriteLine( TypedReference.ToObject( tr ) );
        }
    }
}

ExceptionDispatchInfo

ExceptionDispatchInfo possibleException = null;
try
{
    int.Parse( "a" );
}
catch ( FormatException ex )
{
    possibleException = ExceptionDispatchInfo.Capture( ex );
}
possibleException?.Throw();

Debug.Assert(1 == 0, "عدد 1 برابر با 0 نیست");

Debug.WriteIf( 1 == 1, "display message in output window :D" );

Debug.WriteLine("تست تورفتگی");
Debug.Indent();
Debug.WriteLine("یک واحد افزایش داده شد");
Debug.Unindent();
Debug.WriteLine("یک واحد کاهش داده شد");
Debug.WriteLine("پایان تست");

public class TokenFactoryService
{
    private readonly JwtBearerOptions _jwtBearerOptions;

    public TokenFactoryService(IOptionsSnapshot<JwtBearerOptions> jwtBearerOptions)
    {
        if (jwtBearerOptions == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(jwtBearerOptions));
        }

        _jwtBearerOptions = jwtBearerOptions.Value ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(jwtBearerOptions));
    }

    // From: https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/blob/a450cb69b5e4549f5515cdb057a68771f56cefd7/src/Security/Authentication/JwtBearer/src/JwtBearerHandler.cs
    public bool ValidateJwt(string token)
    {
        foreach (var validator in _jwtBearerOptions.SecurityTokenValidators)
        {
            try
            {
                if (validator.CanReadToken(token))
                {
                    validator.ValidateToken(token, _jwtBearerOptions.TokenValidationParameters, out _);
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        return true;
    }
}