var myMethod = new DynamicMethod("MyDividerMethod", returnType: typeof(int), parameterTypes: new[] { typeof(int), typeof(int) }, m: typeof(Program).Module);
            var il = myMethod.GetILGenerator();
            il.Emit(opcode:OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
            il.Emit(opcode:OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
            il.Emit(opcode:OpCodes.Add);
            il.Emit(opcode:OpCodes.Ret);

            var result = myMethod.Invoke(obj: null,parameters: new object[] { 10, 2 });
            Console.WriteLine(result);
            Console.ReadKey();

            var method = (DividerDelegate)myMethod.CreateDelegate(delegateType: typeof(DividerDelegate));
            Console.WriteLine(method(10, 2));

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
// Add a ref. to \Program Files\Microsoft ASP.NET\ASP.NET MVC 4\Assemblies\System.Web.Mvc.dll
using System.Web.Mvc;
// Add a ref. to System.Web
using System.Web.UI;

namespace FindOutputCaches
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var path = @"D:\site\bin\Web.dll";
            var asmTarget = Assembly.LoadFrom(path);

            checkSecuredControllers(asmTarget);

            Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
            Console.Read();
        }

        private static void checkSecuredControllers(Assembly asmTarget)
        {
            // یافتن کلیه کنترلرهایی که فیلتر اوتورایز دارند
            var securedControllers = asmTarget.GetTypes()
                                              .Where(type => typeof(IController).IsAssignableFrom(type) &&
                                                             Attribute.IsDefined(type, typeof(AuthorizeAttribute)) &&
                                                             !type.Name.StartsWith("T4MVC"))
                                              .ToList();

            foreach (var controller in securedControllers)
            {
                // یافتن کلیه اکشن متدهای کنترلر جاری
                var actionMethods = controller.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly)
                                              .Where(method => typeof(ActionResult).IsAssignableFrom(method.ReturnType))
                                              .ToList();

                foreach (var method in actionMethods)
                {
                    // یافتن متدهایی که دارای آوت پوت کش هستند
                    var attributes = method.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(OutputCacheAttribute), true);
                    if (attributes == null || !attributes.Any())
                        continue;

                    var outputCache = (OutputCacheAttribute)attributes[0]; // AllowMultiple = false
                    if (outputCache.Location == OutputCacheLocation.None)
                        continue; //سبب عدم کش شدن شده است؛ مثلا برای کارهای ای‌جکسی

                    Console.WriteLine("Detected incorrect usage of OutputCache in:\n {0}-->{1}",
                                           controller.FullName, method.Name);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;

namespace Async13
{
    public static class JsonExt
    {
        public static async Task<JObject> GetJsonAsync(this Uri uri)
        {
            using (var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                var jsonString = await client.GetStringAsync(uri);
                return JObject.Parse(jsonString);
            }
        }
    }

    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnGo_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            var url =
                "http://api.geonames.org/citiesJSON?north=44.1&south=-9.9&east=-22.4&west=55.2&lang=de&username=demo";
            txtResult.Text = new Uri(url).GetJsonAsync().Result.ToString();
        }
    }
}

 PM> Install-Package Newtonsoft.Json

    public static class JsonExt
    {
        public static async Task<JObject> GetJsonAsync(this Uri uri)
        {
            using (var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                var jsonString = await client.GetStringAsync(uri).ConfigureAwait(continueOnCapturedContext: false);
                return JObject.Parse(jsonString);
            }
        }
    }

        private async void btnGo_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            var url =
                "http://api.geonames.org/citiesJSON?north=44.1&south=-9.9&east=-22.4&west=55.2&lang=de&username=demo";
            var data = await new Uri(url).GetJsonAsync();
            txtResult.Text = data.ToString();
        }

    // Main method 
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Local Function 
        void AddValue(int a, int b)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Value of a is: " + a);
            Console.WriteLine("Value of b is: " + b);
            Console.WriteLine("Sum of a and b is: {0}", a + b);
            Console.WriteLine();
        }

        // Calling Local function 
        AddValue(20, 40);
        AddValue(40, 60);
    }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            static void DoAction()
            {
                // DoAction

                Console.WriteLine("DoAction...");
            }

#if DEBUG
            DoAction();
#endif
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            [Conditional("DEBUG")]
            static void DoAction()
            {
                // Do Action Here

                Console.WriteLine("Do Action...");
            }

            DoAction();
        }

ErrorCS8400Feature 'local function attributes' is not available in C# 8.0. Please use language version 9.0 or greater.

PM> Install-Package NBench
PM> Install-Package NBench.Runner

[PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Measurement)]
[MemoryMeasurement(MemoryMetric.TotalBytesAllocated)]
public void AddMemoryMeasurement()
{
    const int numberOfAdds = 1000000;
    var dictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>();
    for (var i = 0; i < numberOfAdds; i++)
    {
        dictionary.Add(i, i);
    }
}
 
[PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Measurement)]
[GcMeasurement(GcMetric.TotalCollections, GcGeneration.AllGc)]
public void MeasureGarbageCollections()
{
    var dataCache = new List<int[]>();
    for (var i = 0; i < 500; i++)
    {
        for (var j = 0; j < 10000; j++)
        {
            var data = new int[100];
            dataCache.Add(data.ToArray());
        }
 
        dataCache.Clear();
    }
}

 D:\Prog\NBenchSample\packages\NBench.Runner.0.3.4\lib\net45\NBench.Runner.exe "D:\Prog\NBenchSample\NBenchSample\bin\Release\NBenchSample.exe"

 --------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.Program+AddMemoryMeasurement ---------------
TotalBytesAllocated: Max: 47,842,944.00 bytes, Average: 42,002,757.60 bytes, Min: 41,353,848.00 bytes, StdDev: 2,052,032.33 bytes
TotalBytesAllocated: Max / s: 359,074,078.19 bytes, Average / s: 311,474,786.96 bytes, Min / s: 300,926,928.79 bytes, StdDev / s: 16,869,581.62 bytes

--------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.Program+MeasureGarbageCollections ---------------
TotalCollections [Gen0]: Max: 708.00 collections, Average: 702.80 collections, Min: 697.00 collections, StdDev: 3.65 collections
TotalCollections [Gen0]: Max / s: 111.55 collections, Average / s: 109.87 collections, Min / s: 107.88 collections, StdDev / s: 1.28 collections

TotalCollections [Gen1]: Max: 338.00 collections, Average: 334.60 collections, Min: 330.00 collections, StdDev: 2.41 collections
TotalCollections [Gen1]: Max / s: 53.61 collections, Average / s: 52.31 collections, Min / s: 51.10 collections, StdDev / s: 0.70 collections

TotalCollections [Gen2]: Max: 32.00 collections, Average: 24.80 collections, Min: 18.00 collections, StdDev: 4.73 collections
TotalCollections [Gen2]: Max / s: 4.91 collections, Average / s: 3.87 collections, Min / s: 2.86 collections, StdDev / s: 0.72 collections

[PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Measurement)]
[MemoryMeasurement(MemoryMetric.TotalBytesAllocated)]
public void AddMemoryMeasurement_With_initial_Size()
{
    const int numberOfAdds = 1000000;
    var dictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>(numberOfAdds);
    for (var i = 0; i < numberOfAdds; i++)
    {
        dictionary.Add(i, i);
    }
}

 --------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.Program+AddMemoryMeasurement_With_initial_Size ---------------
TotalBytesAllocated: Max: 23,245,912.00 bytes, Average: 23,245,912.00 bytes, Min: 23,245,912.00 bytes, StdDev: 0.00 bytes
TotalBytesAllocated: Max / s: 394,032,435.34 bytes, Average / s: 389,108,363.43 bytes, Min / s: 378,502,981.34 bytes, StdDev / s: 5,575,519.09 bytes

public class DictionaryThroughputTests
{
    private readonly Dictionary<int, int> _dictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>();
 
    private const string AddCounterName = "AddCounter";
    private Counter _addCounter;
    private int _key;
 
    private const int AverageOperationsPerSecond = 20000000;
 
    [PerfSetup]
    public void Setup(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        _addCounter = context.GetCounter(AddCounterName);
        _key = 0;
    }
 
    [PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Throughput, TestMode = TestMode.Test)]
    [CounterThroughputAssertion(AddCounterName, MustBe.GreaterThan, AverageOperationsPerSecond)]
    public void AddThroughput_ThroughputMode(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        _dictionary.Add(_key++, _key);
        _addCounter.Increment();
    }
 
    [PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Test)]
    [CounterThroughputAssertion(AddCounterName, MustBe.GreaterThan, AverageOperationsPerSecond)]
    public void AddThroughput_IterationsMode(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        for (var i = 0; i < AverageOperationsPerSecond; i++)
        {
            _dictionary.Add(i, i);
            _addCounter.Increment();
        }
    }
 
    [PerfCleanup]
    public void Cleanup(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        _dictionary.Clear();
    }
}

 --------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.DictionaryThroughputTests+AddThroughput_ThroughputMode ---------------
[Counter] AddCounter: Max: 575,654.00 operations, Average: 575,654.00 operations, Min: 575,654.00 operations, StdDev: 0.00 operations
[Counter] AddCounter: Max / s: 7,205,997.59 operations, Average / s: 7,163,894.30 operations, Min / s: 7,075,316.79 operations, StdDev / s: 42,518.20 operations

--------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.DictionaryThroughputTests+AddThroughput_IterationsMode ---------------
[Counter] AddCounter: Max: 20,000,000.00 operations, Average: 20,000,000.00 operations, Min: 20,000,000.00 operations, StdDev: 0.00 operations
[Counter] AddCounter: Max / s: 7,409,380.61 operations, Average / s: 7,250,991.24 operations, Min / s: 6,880,938.73 operations, StdDev / s: 148,085.19 operations

اهداف:

موارد زیر اهداف و مزایای استفاده از Routing Service است:

»Service versioning

»Content-based routing scenario 

»Service partitioning 

»Protocol bridging 

هر کدام از موارد بالا در طی پست‌های جداگانه شرح داده خواهند شد.

بررسی یک مثال:

دو Contract به صورت زیر تعریف می‌کنیم:

 [ServiceContract]
    public interface ICalculatorV1
    {
        [OperationContract]
        int Add(int a, int b);
    }

[ServiceContract]
    public interface ICalculatorV2
    {
        [OperationContract]
        int Sub(int a, int b);
    }

public class CalculatorV1 : ICalculatorV1
    {
        public int Add(int a, int b)
        {
            return a + b;
        }
    }

public class CalculatorV2 : ICalculatorV2
    {
        public int Sub(int a, int b)
        {
            return a - b;
        }
    }

system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="WCFRoutingSample.CalculatorV1">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:8732/CalculatorServiceV1/" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>

        <endpoint address ="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WCFRoutingSample.ICalculatorV1">

          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost"/>
          </identity>
        </endpoint>

        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
      </service>
      <service name="WCFRoutingSample.CalculatorV2">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:8733/CalculatorServiceV2/" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
 
        <endpoint address ="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WCFRoutingSample.ICalculatorV2">
 
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost"/>
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
 
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var host = new ServiceHost(typeof(RoutingService));
            host.Open();
            Console.WriteLine("Server is running.");
            Console.ReadLine();
            host.Close();
        }
    }

<system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="routingBehv">
          <routing routeOnHeadersOnly="false" filterTableName="filters"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <routing>
      <filters>
        <filter name="CalV1ServiceFilter" filterType="EndpointName" filterData="Calv1Service"/>
        <filter name="CalV2ServiceFilter" filterType="EndpointName" filterData="Calv2Service"/>
      </filters>
      <filterTables>
        <filterTable name="filters">
          <add filterName="CalV1ServiceFilter" endpointName="Calv1Service" />
          <add filterName="CalV2ServiceFilter" endpointName="Calv2Service"/>
        </filterTable>
      </filterTables>
    </routing>
    <services>
      <!-- Routing service with endpoint definition -->
      <service name="System.ServiceModel.Routing.RoutingService"
               behaviorConfiguration="routingBehv">
        <endpoint
          address="/Calv1"
          binding="basicHttpBinding"
          contract="System.ServiceModel.Routing.IRequestReplyRouter"
          name="Calv1Service"/>
        <endpoint
         address="/Calv2"
         binding="basicHttpBinding"
         contract="System.ServiceModel.Routing.IRequestReplyRouter"
         name="Calv2Service"/>

        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:9000/CalculatorService"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
    <client>
      <endpoint address="http://localhost:8732/CalculatorServiceV1"
                binding="basicHttpBinding"
                contract="*"
                name="Calv1Service"/>
      <endpoint address="http://localhost:8733/CalculatorServiceV2"
                binding="basicHttpBinding"
                contract="*"
                name="Calv2Service"/>
    </client>

  </system.serviceModel>

public class UserModel
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
 
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "(*)")]
    [Display(Name = "نام")]
    [StringLength(maximumLength: 10, MinimumLength = 3, ErrorMessage = "نام باید حداقل 3 و حداکثر 10 حرف باشد")]
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
 
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "(*)")]
    [Display(Name = "نام خانوادگی")]
    [StringLength(maximumLength: 10, MinimumLength = 3, ErrorMessage = "نام خانوادگی باید حداقل 3 و حداکثر 10 حرف باشد")]
    public string LastName { get; set; }
}

public class UserViewModel
{
      public string FirstName { get; set; }
      public string LastName { get; set; }
}

public class MappedMetadataProvider : DataAnnotationsModelMetadataProvider
{
    private readonly IConfigurationProvider _mapper;
 
    public MappedMetadataProvider(IConfigurationProvider mapper)
    {
        _mapper = mapper;
    }
 
    protected override ModelMetadata CreateMetadata(
        IEnumerable<Attribute> attributes,
        Type containerType,
        Func<object> modelAccessor,
        Type modelType,
        string propertyName)
    {
        var mappedAttributes =
            containerType == null ?
            attributes :
            _mapper.GetMappedAttributes(containerType, propertyName, attributes.ToList());
        return base.CreateMetadata(mappedAttributes, containerType, modelAccessor, modelType, propertyName);
    }
}

public class MappedValidatorProvider : DataAnnotationsModelValidatorProvider
{
    private readonly IConfigurationProvider _mapper;
 
    public MappedValidatorProvider(IConfigurationProvider mapper)
    {
        _mapper = mapper;
    }
 
    protected override IEnumerable<ModelValidator> GetValidators(
        ModelMetadata metadata,
        ControllerContext context,
        IEnumerable<Attribute> attributes)
    {
 
        var mappedAttributes =
            metadata.ContainerType == null ?
            attributes :
            _mapper.GetMappedAttributes(metadata.ContainerType, metadata.PropertyName, attributes.ToList());
        return base.GetValidators(metadata, context, mappedAttributes);
    }
}

public static class AutoMapperExtensions
{
    public static IEnumerable<Attribute> GetMappedAttributes(
        this IConfigurationProvider mapper,
        Type viewModelType,
        string viewModelPropertyName,
        IList<Attribute> existingAttributes)
    {
        if (viewModelType != null)
        {
            foreach (var typeMap in mapper.GetAllTypeMaps().Where(i => i.DestinationType == viewModelType))
            {
                var propertyMaps = typeMap.GetPropertyMaps()
                    .Where(propertyMap => !propertyMap.IsIgnored() && propertyMap.SourceMember != null)
                    .Where(propertyMap => propertyMap.DestinationProperty.Name == viewModelPropertyName);
 
                foreach (var propertyMap in propertyMaps)
                {
                    foreach (Attribute attribute in propertyMap.SourceMember.GetCustomAttributes(true))
                    {
                        if (existingAttributes.All(i => i.GetType() != attribute.GetType()))
                        {
                            yield return attribute;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
 
        if (existingAttributes == null)
        {
            yield break;
        }
 
        foreach (var attribute in existingAttributes)
        {
            yield return attribute;
        }
    }
}

protected void Application_Start()
{
    AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
    FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
    RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); 
 
    Mappings.RegisterMappings();
    ModelMetadataProviders.Current = new MappedMetadataProvider(Mapper.Engine.ConfigurationProvider);
 
    var modelValidatorProvider = ModelValidatorProviders.Providers
        .Single(provider => provider is DataAnnotationsModelValidatorProvider);
    ModelValidatorProviders.Providers.Remove(modelValidatorProvider);
    ModelValidatorProviders.Providers.Add(new MappedValidatorProvider(Mapper.Engine.ConfigurationProvider));
}

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        var model = new UserModel { FirstName = "و", Id = 1, LastName = "ن" };
        var viewModel = Mapper.Map<UserViewModel>(model);
        return View(viewModel);
    }
 
    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult Index(UserViewModel data)
    {
        return View(data);
    }
}

@model Sample12.ViewModels.UserViewModel
 
@using (Html.BeginForm("Index", "Home", FormMethod.Post, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-horizontal", role = "form" }))
{
    <div class="row">
        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(d => d.FirstName, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.TextBoxFor(d => d.FirstName)
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(d => d.FirstName)
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(d => d.LastName, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.TextBoxFor(d => d.LastName)
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(d => d.LastName)
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="ارسال" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
}