@Html.ActionLink("text", "Index", "Home")

 @Html.ActionLink("text", result: MVC.Home.Index())

 PM> Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.Futures

  <system.web.webPages.razor>
    <host  />
    <pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage">
      <namespaces>
        <!-- سایر تعاریف -->
        <add namespace="Microsoft.Web.Mvc"/> <!-- این سطر اضافه شود -->
      </namespaces>
    </pages>
  </system.web.webPages.razor>

 The primary reference "Microsoft.Web.Mvc" could not be resolved because it was built against the
".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" framework. This is a higher version than the currently targeted framework ".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"

 public static System.Web.Mvc.MvcHtmlString ActionLink<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action, string linkText)

public static System.Web.Mvc.MvcHtmlString ActionLink<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action, string linkText, object htmlAttributes)

 @(Html.ActionLink<HomeController>(action => action.Index(id: 1), "Test"))

 public static void RenderAction<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action)

public static System.Web.Mvc.Html.MvcForm BeginForm<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action, System.Web.Mvc.FormMethod method,
System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<string,object> htmlAttributes)

 @{ Html.RenderAction<HomeController>(action => action.Index(id: 1)); }

 @using (Html.BeginForm<HomeController>(action => action.Index(null)))
{
}

 public static string BuildUrlFromExpression<TController>(System.Web.Routing.RequestContext context,
System.Web.Routing.RouteCollection routeCollection, System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action)

public static System.Web.Mvc.RedirectToRouteResult RedirectToAction<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.Controller
controller, System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action)

using System.Web.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Web.Mvc;

namespace MVC5Basic.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var link = LinkBuilder.BuildUrlFromExpression<HomeController>(
                            this.Request.RequestContext, null, action => action.About());

            this.RedirectToAction<HomeController>(action => action.About());
            return View();
        }

        public ActionResult About()
        {
            ViewBag.Message = "Your application description page.";

            return View();
        }
    }
}

public class ObjectToAssertValidator : PropertiesValidator<ObjectToAssertValidator, ObjectToAssert>
{
    public void Validate(ObjectToAssert expected, ObjectToAssert actual)
    {
        this.Validate(expected, actual, "FirstName");
    }
}

ObjectToAssertValidator.Instance.Validate(expectedObject, actualObject);

 PM> Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR

using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Hubs;

namespace SignalR02
{
    [HubName("chat")]
    public class ChatHub : Hub
    {
        public void SendMessage(string message)
        {
            Clients.All.hello(message);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace SignalR02
{
    public class Global : HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // Register the default hubs route: ~/signalr
            RouteTable.Routes.MapHubs();
        }
    }
}

 http://localhost/signalr/hubs

  proxies.chat = this.createHubProxy('chat');

 Web socket -> SSE -> Forever frame -> long polling

 C: cursor
M: Messages
H: Hub name
M: Method name
A: Method args
T: Time out
D: Disconnect

using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Hubs;

namespace SignalR02
{
    [HubName("chat")]
    public class ChatHub : Hub
    {
        public void SendMessage(string message)
        {
            var msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}", Context.ConnectionId, message);
            Clients.All.hello(msg);
        }
    }
}

 //این دو عبارت هر دو یکی هستند
Clients.Caller.hello(msg);
Clients.Client(Context.ConnectionId).hello(msg);

 Clients.Others.hello(msg);

        public void JoinRoom(string room)
        {
            this.Groups.Add(Context.ConnectionId, room);
        }

        public void SendMessageToRoom(string room, string msg)
        {
            this.Clients.Group(room).hello(msg);
        }

    public abstract class Hub : IHub, IDisposable
    {
        protected Hub();
        public HubConnectionContext Clients { get; set; }
        public HubCallerContext Context { get; set; }
        public IGroupManager Groups { get; set; }

        public void Dispose();
        protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing);
        public virtual Task OnConnected();
        public virtual Task OnDisconnected();
        public virtual Task OnReconnected();
    }

        public override System.Threading.Tasks.Task OnDisconnected()
        {
            sendMonitorData("OnDisconnected", Context.ConnectionId);
            return base.OnDisconnected();
        }

        private void sendMonitorData(string type, string connection)
        {
            var ctx = GlobalHost.ConnectionManager.GetHubContext<MonitorHub>();
            ctx.Clients.All.newEvenet(type, connection);
        }

namespace Sample
{
    class StaticLocalFunctions
    {
        static void Main()
        {            
            ClassicCapture(); // Implicitly captured variables in the method scope            
            NonCapturing(); // Now we can explicitly prevent that
        }

        internal static int ClassicCapture()
        {
            int y;
            LocalFunction();
            return y;

            void LocalFunction() => y = 19;
        }

        internal static int NonCapturing()
        {
            int y = 5, x = 7;
            return Add(x, y);

            static int Add(int left, int right) => left + right;
        }
    }
}

public class Person
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public Gender Gender { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
}

switch (person.Gender)
{
    case Gender.Male:
        if (IsMale(person.FirstName))
        {
            //Isvalid
        }
        break;
    case Gender.Female:
        if (IsFemale(person.FirstName))
        {
            //Isvalid
        }
        break;
}

var genderFuncs = new Dictionary<Gender, Func<string, bool>>
                {
                    {Gender.Male , (x) => IsMale(x)},
                    {Gender.Female , (x) => IsFemale(x)}
                };

public static bool IsMale(string name)
{
    //check...
    return true;
}
public static bool IsFemale(string name)
{
    //check...
    if (name == "Farzad")
    {
        return false;    
    }
    return true;
}

var dummyPerson = new List<Person>
                {
                    new Person
                        {Id = 1, Gender = Gender.Male, FirstName = "Mohammad", LastName = "Saheb"},
                    new Person
                        {Id = 2, Gender = Gender.Female, FirstName = "Farzad", LastName = "Mojidi"}
                };

foreach (var person in dummyPerson)
{
    bool isValid = genderFuncs[person.Gender].Invoke(person.FirstName);          
}

var query = context.Students.AsQueryable();
  if (searchByName)
  {
      query= query.FindStudentsByName(name);
  }
  if (orderByAge)
  {
      query = query.OrderByAge();
  }
  if (paging)
  {
     query =  query.SkipAndTake(skip, take);
  }
  return query.ToList();

var searchTypeFuncs = new Dictionary<SearchType, Func<IQueryable<Student>, string, IQueryable<Student>>>
                    {
                        {SearchType.FirstName, (x, y) => x.FindStudentsByName(y)},
                        {SearchType.LastName, (x, y) => x.FindStudentsByLastName(y)}
                    };

public static IList<Student> SearchStudents(IQueryable<Student> students, SearchType type, string keyword)
{
    var result = searchTypeFuncs[type].Invoke(students, keyword);
    return result.ToList();
}

@helper AddFlashUploader(
                string uploadUrl,
                string queryParameters,
                string flashUrl,
                int totalUploadSizeLimit = 0,
                int uploadFileSizeLimit = 0,
                string fileTypes = "",
                string fileTypeDescription = "",
                string onUploadComplete = "")
    {      
        onUploadComplete = string.IsNullOrEmpty(onUploadComplete) ? "" : "completeFunction=" + onUploadComplete;
        queryParameters = Server.UrlEncode(queryParameters);        
        fileTypes = string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileTypes) ? "" : "&fileTypes=" + Server.UrlEncode(fileTypes);
        fileTypeDescription = string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileTypeDescription) ? "" : "&fileTypeDescription=" + Server.UrlEncode(fileTypeDescription);
        var totalUploadSizeLimitData = totalUploadSizeLimit > 0 ? "&totalUploadSize=" + totalUploadSizeLimit : "";
        var uploadFileSizeLimitData = uploadFileSizeLimit > 0 ? "&fileSizeLimit=" + uploadFileSizeLimit : "";
        var flashVars = onUploadComplete + fileTypes + fileTypeDescription + totalUploadSizeLimitData + uploadFileSizeLimitData + "&uploadPage=" + uploadUrl + "?" + queryParameters;
    <object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0"
        width="575" height="375" id="fileUpload" align="middle">
        <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="sameDomain" />
        <param name="movie" value="@flashUrl" />
        <param name="quality" value="high" />
        <param name="wmode" value="transparent">
        <param name=FlashVars value="@flashVars">
        <embed src="@flashUrl"
               FlashVars="@flashVars" 
               quality="high" 
               wmode="transparent" 
               width="575" 
               height="375" 
               name="fileUpload" 
               align="middle" 
               allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" 
               type="application/x-shockwave-flash" 
               pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" />
    </object>                        
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
    var uploadUrl = Url.Action("Uploader", "Home");
    var flashUrl = Url.Content("~/Content/FlashUpload/FlashFileUpload.swf");
}
<h2>
    Flash Uploader</h2>
<div style="background: #E0EBEF;">
    @FlashUploadHelper.AddFlashUploader(
                uploadUrl: uploadUrl,
                queryParameters: "User=Vahid&Id=تست",
                flashUrl: flashUrl,
                fileTypeDescription: "Images",
                fileTypes: "*.gif; *.png; *.jpg; *.jpeg",
                uploadFileSizeLimit: 0,
                totalUploadSizeLimit: 0,
                onUploadComplete: "alert('انجام شد');")
</div>

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcFlashUpload.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        public ActionResult Uploader(string User, string Id, IEnumerable<HttpPostedFileBase> FileData)
        {
            var queryParameter1 = User;
            var queryParameter2 = Id;
            // ...

            foreach (var file in FileData)
            {
                if (file.ContentLength > 0)
                {
                    var fileName = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName);
                    var path = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/App_Data/Uploads"), fileName);
                    file.SaveAs(path);
                }
            }

            return Content(" ");
        }
    }
}

System.Diagnostics.StackTrace myTrack = new System.Diagnostics.StackTrace();

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Stack Trace: {0}", Environment.StackTrace);
}

Stack Trace:at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
 at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 9

static void Main(string[] args)
{
  try
  {
     throw new Exception();
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
     Console.WriteLine("Stack Trace: {0}", Environment.StackTrace);
  }
}

Stack Trace:at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
 at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 11

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            FirstExceptionMethod firstException = new FirstExceptionMethod();
            try
            {
                firstException.Method1();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
            }
        }
    }
    class FirstExceptionMethod
    {
        public void Method1()
        {
            try
            {
                SecondExceptionMethod secondException = new SecondExceptionMethod();
                secondException.Method2();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
    }
    class SecondExceptionMethod
    {
        public void Method2()
        {
            try
            {
                ThrowExMethod();

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
        public void ThrowExMethod()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }
    }  

at DiffThrowAndThrowException.SecondExceptionMethod.ThrowExMethod() in Program.cs:line 51
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.SecondExceptionMethod.Method2() in Program.cs:line 41
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.FirstExceptionMethod.Method1() in Program.cs:line 27
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 12  

public void Method1()
        {
            try
            {
                SecondExceptionMethod secondException = new SecondExceptionMethod();
                secondException.Method2();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception("Some Text ...");
            }
        }

   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.FirstExceptionMethod.Method1() in Program.cs:line 31
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 12