using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;

namespace PfxToSnk
{
    class Program
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Converts .pfx file to .snk file.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pfxData">.pfx file data.</param>
        /// <param name="pfxPassword">.pfx file password.</param>
        /// <returns>.snk file data.</returns>
        public static byte[] Pfx2Snk(byte[] pfxData, string pfxPassword)
        {
            var cert = new X509Certificate2(pfxData, pfxPassword, X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable);
            var privateKey = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)cert.PrivateKey;
            return privateKey.ExportCspBlob(true);
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var pfxFileData = File.ReadAllBytes(@"D:\Key.pfx");
            var snkFileData = Pfx2Snk(pfxFileData, "my-pass");
            File.WriteAllBytes(@"D:\Key.snk", snkFileData);
        }
    }
}

    public class Person
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
    }

    public class PersonWithCtor
    {
        public PersonWithCtor(string firstName)
        {
            this.FirstName = firstName;
        }

        public string FirstName { get; set; }
    }

Person person = new Person();

var person = new Person();

Person person = new();

Person person = new("User 1");

var personList = new List<Person>
        {
            new ("User 1"),
            new ("User 2"),
            // ...
        };

public void Adopt(Person p)
{
    //...
}

public void CallerMethod()
{
    this.Adopt(new Person("User 1"));
    // C# 9.0
    this.Adopt(new("User 1"));
}

XmlReader.Create(reader, new XmlReaderSettings() { IgnoreWhitespace = true });
// C# 9.0
XmlReader.Create(reader, new() { IgnoreWhitespace = true });

Person person = new
{
   FirstName = "User 2"
};

Person person = new()
{
   FirstName = "User 2"
};

private ConcurrentDictionary<string, ObservableList<Cat>> _catsBefore = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, ObservableList<Cat>>();

private ConcurrentDictionary<string, ObservableList<Cat>> _cats = new(); // C# 9.0

public ObservableCollection<Friend> Friends { get; } = new();

public interface IAnimal
{
}

public class Dog : IAnimal
{
}

public class Cat : IAnimal
{
}

Cat cat = null;
Dog dog = new();
IAnimal animal = cat ?? dog;

(int a, int b) t = new(1, 2); // "new" is redundant

(int a, int b) t = new(); // OK; same as (0, 0)

        public void ScalarExecuted(DbCommand command,
                                   DbCommandInterceptionContext<object> interceptionContext)
        {
        }

        public static string GetCallingMethodInfo()
        {
            var stackTrace = new StackTrace(true);
            var frameCount = stackTrace.FrameCount;

            var info = new StringBuilder();
            var prefix = "-- ";
            for (var i = frameCount - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                var frame = stackTrace.GetFrame(i);
                var methodInfo = getStackFrameInfo(frame);
                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(methodInfo))
                    continue;

                info.AppendLine(prefix + methodInfo);
                prefix = "-" + prefix;
            }

            return info.ToString();
        }

        private static string getStackFrameInfo(StackFrame stackFrame)
        {
            if (stackFrame == null)
                return string.Empty;

            var method = stackFrame.GetMethod();
            if (method == null)
                return string.Empty;

            if (isFromCurrentAsm(method) || isMicrosoftType(method))
            {
                return string.Empty;
            }

            var methodSignature = method.ToString();
            var lineNumber = stackFrame.GetFileLineNumber();
            var filePath = stackFrame.GetFileName();

            var fileLine = string.Empty;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
            {
                var fileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
                fileLine = string.Format("[File={0}, Line={1}]", fileName, lineNumber);
            }

            var methodSignatureFull = string.Format("{0} {1}", methodSignature, fileLine);
            return methodSignatureFull;
        }

 Void Main(System.String[]) [File=Program.cs, Line=28]

 -- Void Main(System.String[]) [File=Program.cs, Line=28]
--- Void disposedContext() [File=Program.cs, Line=76]
---- Void Opened(System.Data.Common.DbConnection, System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbConnectionInterceptionContext) [File=DatabaseInterceptor.cs,Line=157]

        private static bool isFromCurrentAsm(MethodBase method)
        {
            return method.ReflectedType == typeof(CallingMethod);
        }

        private static bool isMicrosoftType(MethodBase method)
        {
            if (method.ReflectedType == null)
                return false;

            return method.ReflectedType.FullName.StartsWith("System.") ||
                   method.ReflectedType.FullName.StartsWith("Microsoft.");
        }

Git + .NET/Mono = ❤  http://libgit2.github.com

LibGit2Sharp brings all the might and speed of libgit2, a native Git implementation, to the managed world of .NET and Mono. 

$ git init /d/temp/rooted/path

string rootedPath = Repository.Init(@"D:\temp\rooted\path");
Console.WriteLine(rootedPath);

$ git add --all .

using (var repo = new Repository("path/to/your/repo"))
{
    Commands.Stage(repo, "*");
}

$ git checkout <branch>

using (var repo = new Repository("path/to/your/repo"))
{
    var branch = repo .Branches[branchName];
    Branch currentBranch = Commands.Checkout(repo , branch);
}

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static List<TestUser> GetUsers()
        {
            return new List<TestUser>
            {
                new TestUser
                {
                    Username = "User 1",
                    // ...

                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
    // ...
                        new Claim("subscriptionlevel", "PayingUser"),
                        new Claim("country", "ir")
                    }
                },
                new TestUser
                {
                    Username = "User 2",
// ...

                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
    // ...
                        new Claim("subscriptionlevel", "FreeUser"),
                        new Claim("country", "be")
                    }
                }
            };
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        // identity-related resources (scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
        {
            return new List<IdentityResource>
            {
   // ...     
                new IdentityResource(
                    name: "country",
                    displayName: "The country you're living in",
                    claimTypes: new List<string> { "country" }),
                new IdentityResource(
                    name: "subscriptionlevel",
                    displayName: "Your subscription level",
                    claimTypes: new List<string> { "subscriptionlevel" })
            };
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientName = "Image Gallery",
// ...
                    AllowedScopes =
                    {
    // ...
                        "country",
                        "subscriptionlevel"
                    }
// ...
                }
             };
        }
    }

options.Scope.Add("subscriptionlevel");
options.Scope.Add("country");

options.ClaimActions.MapUniqueJsonKey(claimType: "role", jsonKey: "role");
options.ClaimActions.MapUniqueJsonKey(claimType: "subscriptionlevel", jsonKey: "subscriptionlevel");
options.ClaimActions.MapUniqueJsonKey(claimType: "country", jsonKey: "country");

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddAuthorization(options =>
            {
                options.AddPolicy(
                   name: "CanOrderFrame",
                   configurePolicy: policyBuilder =>
                    {
                        policyBuilder.RequireAuthenticatedUser();
                        policyBuilder.RequireClaim(claimType: "country", requiredValues: "ir");
                        policyBuilder.RequireClaim(claimType: "subscriptionlevel", requiredValues: "PayingUser");
                    });
            });

@if(User.IsInRole("PayingUser"))
{
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="AddImage">Add an image</a></li>
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="OrderFrame">Order a framed picture</a></li>
}

@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization
@inject IAuthorizationService AuthorizationService

@if (User.IsInRole("PayingUser"))
{
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="AddImage">Add an image</a></li>
}
@if ((await AuthorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, "CanOrderFrame")).Succeeded)
{
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="OrderFrame">Order a framed picture</a></li>
}

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Authorize]
    public class GalleryController : Controller
    {
        [Authorize(Policy = "CanOrderFrame")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> OrderFrame()
        {

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.Services
{
    public class MustOwnImageRequirement : IAuthorizationRequirement
    {
    }

    public class MustOwnImageHandler : AuthorizationHandler<MustOwnImageRequirement>
    {
        private readonly IImagesService _imagesService;
        private readonly ILogger<MustOwnImageHandler> _logger;

        public MustOwnImageHandler(
            IImagesService imagesService,
            ILogger<MustOwnImageHandler> logger)
        {
            _imagesService = imagesService;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        protected override async Task HandleRequirementAsync(
            AuthorizationHandlerContext context, MustOwnImageRequirement requirement)
        {
            var filterContext = context.Resource as AuthorizationFilterContext;
            if (filterContext == null)
            {
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            var imageId = filterContext.RouteData.Values["id"].ToString();
            if (!Guid.TryParse(imageId, out Guid imageIdAsGuid))
            {
                _logger.LogError($"`{imageId}` is not a Guid.");
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            var subClaim = context.User.Claims.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Type == "sub");
            if (subClaim == null)
            {
                _logger.LogError($"User.Claims don't have the `sub` claim.");
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            var ownerId = subClaim.Value;
            if (!await _imagesService.IsImageOwnerAsync(imageIdAsGuid, ownerId))
            {
                _logger.LogError($"`{ownerId}` is not the owner of `{imageIdAsGuid}` image.");
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            // all checks out
            context.Succeed(requirement);
        }
    }
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="2.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization" Version="2.1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Abstractions" Version="2.1.1.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

public class MustOwnImageRequirement : IAuthorizationRequirement
{
}

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddAuthorization(authorizationOptions =>
            {
                authorizationOptions.AddPolicy(
                   name: "MustOwnImage",
                   configurePolicy: policyBuilder =>
                    {
                        policyBuilder.RequireAuthenticatedUser();
                        policyBuilder.AddRequirements(new MustOwnImageRequirement());
                    });
            });
            services.AddScoped<IAuthorizationHandler, MustOwnImageHandler>();

[Authorize(Policy ="MustOwnImage")]

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/images")]
    [Authorize]
    public class ImagesController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet("{id}", Name = "GetImage")]
        [Authorize("MustOwnImage")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> GetImage(Guid id)
        {
        }

        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        [Authorize("MustOwnImage")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteImage(Guid id)
        {
        }

        [HttpPut("{id}")]
        [Authorize("MustOwnImage")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> UpdateImage(Guid id, [FromBody] ImageForUpdateModel imageForUpdate)
        {
        }
    }
}

 Butter
Egg
Flour
Milk
Sugar

Flour 50
Egg 100
Milk 150
Butter 200
Sugar 500

var query = from i in ingredients
orderby i.Calories
select i;

Egg 100
Milk 100
Butter 200
Flour 500
Sugar 500

var query = from i in ingredients
orderby i.Calories, i.Name
select i;

Sugar 500
Flour 500
Butter 200
Milk 100
Egg 100

var query = from i in ingredients
orderby i.Calories descending
select i;

Milk 100
Egg 100
Butter 200
Sugar 500
Flour 500

var query = from i in ingredients
orderby i.Calories, i.Name descending
select i;

C
B
A

 Ingredients with 500 calories
 -Sugar
 -Lard
 -Butter
Ingredients with 100 calories
 -Egg
 -Milk
Ingredients with 50 calories
 -Flour
 -Oats

Apple
Sugar
Pastry
Cinnamon
Cherry
Sugar
Pastry
Kirsch

Apple
Sugar
Pastry
Cinnamon
Cherry
Kirsch

Apple
Sugar
Pastry
Cinnamon

Apple
Sugar
Pastry
Cinnamon
Cherry
Kirsch

Sugar
Pastry

Apple
Cinnamon

module MyModule1 {
    module  MyModule2 {
     }
}

module Utilities {
   export class Logger {
      log(message: string): void{
       if(typeofwindow.console !== 'undefined') {
           window.console.log(message);
        }
      }
   }    
}

window.onload = function() {
  varlogger = new Utilities.Logger();
  logger.log('Logger is loaded'); 
};

export class Logger{
constructor(private num: number) { 
}

pad(num: number, len: number= 2, char: string= '0')

function addManyNumbers(...numbers: number[]) {
  var sum = 0;
  for(var i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
    sum += numbers[i];
 }
  returnsum;
}
var result = addManyNumbers(1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9);

module Utilities {
    Export class Logger {  
     log(message: string): void{
                 if(typeofwindow.console !== 'undefined') {   
                    window.console.log(this.getTimeStamp() + ' -'+ message);
                    window.console.log(this.getTimeStamp() + ' -'+ message); 
                }
        }
  private getTimeStamp(): string{
      var now = newDate();
      return now.getHours() + ':'+
      now.getMinutes() + ':'+
      now.getSeconds() + ':'+
      now.getMilliseconds();
  }
 }
}

classFormatter {
static pad(num: number, len: number, char: string): string{
      var output = num.toString();
         while(output.length < len) {
         output = char + output;
      }
   returnoutput;
   }
  }
}

Formatter.pad(now.getSeconds(), 2, '0') +

static pad(num: number, len?: number, char?: string);
static pad(num: string, len?: number, char?: string);
static pad(num: any, len: number= 2, char: string= '0') {
 var output = num.toString();
 while(output.length < len) {
 output = char + output;
 }
 returnoutput;
}

dotnet new web

 dotnet add package IdentityServer4

    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();

            services.AddIdentityServer()
                .AddDeveloperSigningCredential();
        }

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Security.Claims;
using IdentityServer4.Models;
using IdentityServer4.Test;

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        // test users
        public static List<TestUser> GetUsers()
        {
            return new List<TestUser>
            {
                new TestUser
                {
                    SubjectId = "d860efca-22d9-47fd-8249-791ba61b07c7",
                    Username = "User 1",
                    Password = "password",

                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
                        new Claim("given_name", "Vahid"),
                        new Claim("family_name", "N"),
                    }
                },
                new TestUser
                {
                    SubjectId = "b7539694-97e7-4dfe-84da-b4256e1ff5c7",
                    Username = "User 2",
                    Password = "password",

                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
                        new Claim("given_name", "User 2"),
                        new Claim("family_name", "Test"),
                    }
                }
            };
        }

        // identity-related resources (scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
        {
            return new List<IdentityResource>
            {
                new IdentityResources.OpenId(),
                new IdentityResources.Profile()
            };
        }

        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new List<Client>();
        }
    }
}

    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();

            services.AddIdentityServer()
             .AddDeveloperSigningCredential()
             .AddTestUsers(Config.GetUsers())
             .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources())
             .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients());
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseIdentityServer();
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
        }

 https://localhost:6001/.well-known/openid-configuration

iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4.Quickstart.UI/release/get.ps1'))

\curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4.Quickstart.UI/release/get.sh | bash