/// <summary>
/// دستور العمل
/// </summary>
class Recipe
{
  public int Id { get; set; }
  public string Name { get; set; }
}

/// <summary>
/// بازخورد
/// </summary>
class Review
{
  public int RecipeId { get; set; }
  public string ReviewText { get; set; }
}

Recipe[] recipes =
{
   new Recipe {Id = 1, Name = "Mashed Potato"},
   new Recipe {Id = 2, Name = "Crispy Duck"},
   new Recipe {Id = 3, Name = "Sachertorte"}
};

Review[] reviews =
{
   new Review {RecipeId = 1, ReviewText = "Tasty!"},
   new Review {RecipeId = 1, ReviewText = "Not nice :("},
   new Review {RecipeId = 1, ReviewText = "Pretty good"},
   new Review {RecipeId = 2, ReviewText = "Too hard"},
   new Review {RecipeId = 2, ReviewText = "Loved it"}
};

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   RecipeReview = review.ReviewText
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"{item.RecipeName}-{item.RecipeReview}");
}

Mashed Potato-Tasty!
Mashed Potato-Not nice :(
Mashed Potato-Pretty good
Crispy Duck-Too hard
Crispy Duck-Loved it

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
into reviewGroup
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   Reviews = reviewGroup//collection of related reviews
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"Review for {item.RecipeName}");
   foreach (var review in item.Reviews)
   {
       Console.WriteLine($"-{review.ReviewText}");
   }
}

Review for Mashed Potato
-Tasty!
-Not nice :(
-Pretty good
Review for Crispy Duck
-Too hard
-Loved it
Review for Sachertorte

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
into reviewGroup
from rg in reviewGroup.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   //RecipeReview = rg.ReviewText SystemNullException
   RecipeReview = (rg == null ? "n/a" : rg.ReviewText)
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"{item.RecipeName}-{item.RecipeReview}");
}

Mashed Potato-Tasty!
Mashed Potato-Not nice :(
Mashed Potato-Pretty good
Crispy Duck-Too hard
Crispy Duck-Loved it
Sachertorte-n/a

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
into reviewGroup
from rg in reviewGroup.DefaultIfEmpty(new Review { ReviewText = "N/A" })
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   RecipeReview = rg.ReviewText
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"{item.RecipeName}-{item.RecipeReview}");
}

 Mashed Potato-Tasty!
Mashed Potato-Not nice :(
Mashed Potato-Pretty good
Crispy Duck-Too hard
Crispy Duck-Loved it
Sachertorte-N/A 
 

$.param({
  key1: 'some value',
  'key 2': 'another value'
});

 key1=some+value&key+2=another+value

 $.ajax({
  method: 'POST',
  url: '/user',
  data: {
  name: 'VahidN',
  address: 'Address 1',
  phone: '555-555-5555'
  }
 });

 var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
 var data = encodeURI('name=VahidN&address=Address 1&phone=555-555-5555');
 xhr.open('POST', '/user');
 xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
 xhr.send(data);

   var data = encodeURI('name=VahidN&address=Address 1&phone=555-555-5555');
  fetch('/user', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'},
  body: data
 });

function param(object) {
    var encodedString = '';
    for (var prop in object) {
        if (object.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
            if (encodedString.length > 0) {
                encodedString += '&';
            }
            encodedString += encodeURI(prop + '=' + object[prop]);
        }
    }
    return encodedString;
}

 $.ajax({
  method: 'POST',
  url: '/user',
  contentType: 'application/json',
  data: JSON.stringify({
   name: 'VahidN',
   address: 'Address 1',
   phone: {
   home: '555-555-5555',
   mobile: '444-444-4444'
  }
  });
 });

  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
 var data = JSON.stringify({
   name: 'VahidN',
   address: 'Address 1',
   phone: {
    home: '555-555-5555',
    mobile: '444-444-4444'
   }
   });
 xhr.open('POST', '/user');
 xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
 xhr.send(data);

 var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
 xhr.open('GET', '/user/1');
 xhr.onload = function() {
  var user = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
  // do something with this user JavaScript object 
 };
 xhr.send();

 fetch('/user', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
  body: JSON.stringify({
   name: 'VahidN',
   address: 'Address 1',
   phone: {
   home: '555-555-5555',
   mobile: '444-444-4444'
  }
  });
 });

 fetch('/user/1').then(function(response) {
  return response.json();
  }).then(function(userRecord) {
   // do something with this user JavaScript object 
 });

 fetch('/user/1')
  .then(response => response.json()) // Transform the data into json 
  .then(userRecord => {
  // do something with this userRecord object
  });

 <form action="my/server" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <label>First Name:
   <input name="first">
  </label>
 
  <label>Last Name:
   <input name="last">
  </label>
 
  <button>Submit</button>
 </form>

 -----------------------------1686536745986416462127721994
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="first"

 Vahid
 -----------------------------1686536745986416462127721994
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="last"

 N
 -----------------------------1686536745986416462127721994--

  var formData = new FormData();
 formData.append('name', 'VahidN');
 formData.append('address', 'Address 1');
 formData.append('phone', '555-555-5555');
 
 $.ajax({
  method: 'POST',
  url: '/user',
  contentType: false,
  processData: false,
  data: formData
 });

 multipart/form-data; boundary=—————————1686536745986416462127721994

  fetch(url) 
  .then((resp) => resp.json()) // Transform the data into json 
  .then(function(data) { 
    // use data object
    }) 
  })

function downloadBlob()
{
       fetch('/Home/InMemoryReport')
   .then(function(response) {
         return response.blob();
   })
   .then(function(xlsxBlob) {
             var a = document.createElement("a");
             document.body.appendChild(a);
             a.style = "display: none";
             let url = window.URL.createObjectURL(xlsxBlob);
             a.href = url;
             a.download = "report.xlsx";
             a.click();
             window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
   });
}

 $.ajax('http://jsonp-aware-endpoint.com/user/1', {
  jsonp: 'callback',
  dataType: 'jsonp'
 }).then(function(response) {
  // handle user info from server 
 });

 window.myJsonpCallback = function(data) {
  // handle user info from server 
 };

 var scriptEl = document.createElement('script');
 scriptEl.setAttribute('src',
  'http://jsonp-aware-endpoint.com/user/1?callback=myJsonpCallback');
 document.body.appendChild(scriptEl);

• مرحله اول :ساخت کلاس ValueConverter
• مرحله دوم : تعریف آن به عنوان یک منبع یا ریسورس
• مرحله سوم : استفاده از آن در عملیات بایند کردن Binding

public class BoolToVisibilityConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, 
        object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        // Do the conversion from bool to visibility
    }
 
    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, 
        object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        // Do the conversion from visibility to bool
    }
}

<Window x:Class="test.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:نامی دلخواه="clr-namespace:فضای نامی که کلاس مبدل در آن قرار دارد"
        >

    <Window.Resources>
        <نام دلخواهی که در بالا تعریف کرده اید: ClassNameنام کلاس  x:Key="کلید این آیتم در ریسورس"/>
    </Window.Resources>

{Binding نام پراپرتی کلاس, Converter={StaticResource کلید آیتم مربوطه در ریسورس}, ConverterParameter=پارامتری که به کلاس مبدل پاس می‌شود}

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace test.ValueConverters
{
    public class GenderConverter: IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            var ParameterString = parameter as string;
            if (ParameterString == null)
                return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;

            bool bparam;

            bool test = bool.TryParse(parameter.ToString(), out bparam);
            if (test)
            {
                return ((bool)value).Equals(bparam);
            }
            return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

<Window x:Class="test.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:valueConverters="clr-namespace:test.ValueConverters"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="511.851" Width="525">

    <Window.Resources>
        <valueConverters:GenderConverter x:Key="GenderConverter"/>
    </Window.Resources>
</window>

The name "GenderConverter" does not exist in the namespace "clr-namespace:test.ValueConverters".

     <RadioButton GroupName="Gender" IsChecked="{Binding Gender, Converter={StaticResource GenderConverter}, ConverterParameter=True}" Name="RdoMale"  >Male</RadioButton>
                <RadioButton GroupName="Gender" IsChecked="{Binding Gender, Converter={StaticResource GenderConverter}, ConverterParameter=False}" Name="RdoFemale" Margin="0 5 0 0"  >Female</RadioButton>

<RadioButton GroupName="Gender" IsChecked="{Binding Gender}" Name="RdoMale"  >Male</RadioButton>

public enum FieldOfWork
    {
        Actor=0,
        Director=1,
        Producer=2
    }
    public class Person : INotifyPropertyChanged
    { 
        public bool Gender { get; set; }

        public string ImageName { get; set; }

        public string Country { get; set; }

        public DateTime Date { get; set; }

        public FieldOfWork FieldOfWork { get; set; }

        private string _name;
        public string Name
        {
            get { return _name; }
            set
            {
                _name = value;
                OnPropertyChanged();
            }
        }

public FieldOfWork FieldOfWork { get; set; }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace test.ValueConverters
{
    public class EnumConverter : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            var ParameterString = parameter as string;
            if (ParameterString == null)
                return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;

            if (Enum.IsDefined(value.GetType(), value) == false)
                return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;

            object paramvalue = Enum.Parse(value.GetType(), ParameterString);
            return paramvalue.Equals(value);
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

    <Window.Resources>
        <valueConverters:GenderConverter x:Key="GenderConverter"/>
        <valueConverters:EnumConverter x:Key="EnumConverter"></valueConverters:EnumConverter>
    </Window.Resources>

    <CheckBox Name="ChkActor" IsChecked="{Binding FieldOfWork, Converter={StaticResource EnumConverter}, ConverterParameter=Actor}" >Actor/Actress</CheckBox>
                <CheckBox Name="ChkDirector" IsChecked="{Binding FieldOfWork, Converter={StaticResource EnumConverter}, ConverterParameter=Director}" >Director</CheckBox>
                <CheckBox Name="ChkProducer" IsChecked="{Binding FieldOfWork, Converter={StaticResource EnumConverter}, ConverterParameter=Producer}" >Producer</CheckBox>

  public static Person GetPerson()
        {
            return new Person()
            {
                Name = "Leo",
                Gender =true,
                ImageName ="man.jpg",
                Country = "Italy",
                FieldOfWork = test.FieldOfWork.Actor,
                Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-3)
            };
        }

    public enum FieldOfWork
    {
        Actor=0,
        Director=1,
        Producer=2
    }
    public class Person : INotifyPropertyChanged
    { 
        public bool Gender { get; set; }

        public string ImageName { get; set; }

        public string Country { get; set; }

        public DateTime Date { get; set; }

        public IList<FieldOfWork> FieldOfWork { get; set; }

        private string _name;
        public string Name
        {
            get { return _name; }
            set
            {
                _name = value;
                OnPropertyChanged();
            }
        }

        public static Person GetPerson()
        {
            return new Person
            {
                Name = "Leo",
                Gender = true,
                ImageName = "man.jpg",
                Country = "Italy",
                FieldOfWork = new FieldOfWork[] { test.FieldOfWork.Actor, test.FieldOfWork.Producer },
                Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-3)
            };
        }
}

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace test.ValueConverters
{
    public class EnumList : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            var ParameterString = parameter as string;
            if (ParameterString == null)
                return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;

         var enumlist= (IList) value;         

            if(enumlist==null && enumlist.Count<1)
                return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;

            if (Enum.IsDefined(enumlist[0].GetType(), ParameterString) == false)
                return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;


            /*
              foreach (var item  in enumlist)
            {
                object paramvalue = Enum.Parse(item.GetType(), ParameterString);
                bool result = item.Equals(paramvalue);
                if (result)
                    return true;
            }
            return false;
             */
            return (from object item in enumlist let paramvalue = Enum.Parse(item.GetType(), ParameterString) select item.Equals(paramvalue)).Any(result => result);
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

   <Window.Resources>
        <valueConverters:GenderConverter x:Key="GenderConverter"/>
        <valueConverters:EnumConverter x:Key="EnumConverter"></valueConverters:EnumConverter>
        <valueConverters:EnumList x:Key="EnumList"></valueConverters:EnumList>
    </Window.Resources>

     <CheckBox Name="ChkActor" IsChecked="{Binding FieldOfWork, Converter={StaticResource EnumList}, ConverterParameter=Actor}" >Actor/Actress</CheckBox>
                <CheckBox Name="ChkDirector" IsChecked="{Binding FieldOfWork, Converter={StaticResource EnumList}, ConverterParameter=Director}" >Director</CheckBox>
                <CheckBox Name="ChkProducer" IsChecked="{Binding FieldOfWork, Converter={StaticResource EnumList}, ConverterParameter=Producer}" >Producer</CheckBox>

• اگر عنصر جدید کوچکتر از ریشه است، با یک تابع بازگشتی عنصر جدید را به زیر درخت چپ اضافه کن.
• اگر عنصر جدید بزرگتر از ریشه است، با یک تابع بازگشتی عنصر جدید را به زیر درخت راست اضافه کن.
• اگر عنصر جدید برابر ریشه هست، هیچ کاری نکن و خارج شو.

public void Insert(T value)
{
    this.root = Insert(value, null, root);
}
 
/// <summary>
/// متدی برای افزودن عنصر به درخت
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">مقدار جدید</param>
/// <param name="parentNode">والد گره جدید</param>
/// <param name="node">گره فعلی که همان ریشه است</param>
/// <returns>گره افزوده شده</returns>
private BinaryTreeNode<T> Insert(T value,
        BinaryTreeNode<T> parentNode, BinaryTreeNode<T> node)
{
    if (node == null)
    {
        node = new BinaryTreeNode<T>(value);
        node.parent = parentNode;
    }
    else
    {
        int compareTo = value.CompareTo(node.value);
        if (compareTo < 0)
        {
            node.leftChild =
                Insert(value, node, node.leftChild);
        }
        else if (compareTo > 0)
        {
            node.rightChild =
                Insert(value, node, node.rightChild);
        }
    }
 
    return node;
}

/// عنصر مورد نظر را جست و جوی می‌کند و اگر مخالف نال بود گره برگشتی را به تابع حذف ارسال می‌کند
public void Remove(T value)
{
    BinaryTreeNode<T> nodeToDelete = Find(value);
    if (nodeToDelete != null)
    {
        Remove(nodeToDelete);
    }
}
 
private void Remove(BinaryTreeNode<T> node)
{
    //بررسی می‌کند که آیا دو فرزند دارد یا خیر
    // این خط باید اول همه باشد که مرحله یک و دو بعد از آن اجرا شود
    if (node.leftChild != null && node.rightChild != null)
    {
        BinaryTreeNode<T> replacement = node.rightChild;
        while (replacement.leftChild != null)
        {
            replacement = replacement.leftChild;
        }
        node.value = replacement.value;
        node = replacement;
    }
 
    // مرحله یک و دو اینجا بررسی میشه
    BinaryTreeNode<T> theChild = node.leftChild != null ?
            node.leftChild : node.rightChild;
 
    // اگر حداقل یک فرزند داشته باشد
    if (theChild != null)
    {
        theChild.parent = node.parent;
 
        // بررسی می‌کند گره ریشه است یا خیر
        if (node.parent == null)
        {
            root = theChild;
        }
        else
        {
            // جایگزینی عنصر با زیر درخت فرزندش
            if (node.parent.leftChild == node)
            {
                node.parent.leftChild = theChild;
            }
            else
            {
                node.parent.rightChild = theChild;
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // کنترل وضعیت موقعی که عنصر ریشه است
        if (node.parent == null)
        {
            root = null;
        }
        else
        {
            // اگر گره برگ است آن را حذف کن
            if (node.parent.leftChild == node)
            {
                node.parent.leftChild = null;
            }
            else
            {
                node.parent.rightChild = null;
            }
        }
    }
}

public void PrintTreeDFS()
{
    PrintTreeDFS(this.root);
    Console.WriteLine();
}
 

private void PrintTreeDFS(BinaryTreeNode<T> node)
{
    if (node != null)
    {
        PrintTreeDFS(node.leftChild);
        Console.Write(node.value + " ");
        PrintTreeDFS(node.rightChild);
    }
}

    <div class="container">
        <h4 class="alert alert-info">
            فرم‌های بوت استرپ 3</h4>
        <div class="row">
            <article class="registrationform">
                <h2>
                    فرم ثبت نام</h2>               
                <form class="registration form-horizontal" action="#">
                <fieldset id="personalinfo">
                    <legend>اطلاعات شخصی</legend>
                    <section class="row">
                        <label class="col col-lg-4 control-label" for="myname">
                            نام</label>
                        <div class="controls">
                            <input class="col col-lg-8" type="text" name="myname" 
                                   id="myname" autofocus placeholder="نام و نام خانوادگی"
                                   required>
                        </div>
                        <!-- controls -->
                    </section><!-- row -->
                    <section class="row">
                        <label class="col col-lg-4 control-label" for="companyname">
                            نام شرکت</label>
                        <div class="controls">
                            <input class="col col-lg-8" type="text" name="companybname" id="companyname" />
                        </div>
                        <!-- controls -->
                    </section><!-- row -->
                    <section class="row">
                        <label class="col col-lg-4 control-label" for="myemail">
                            ایمیل</label>
                        <div class="controls">
                            <input class="col col-lg-8" type="email" name="myemail" id="myemail" 
                                   required autocomplete="off" />
                        </div>
                        <!-- controls -->
                    </section><!-- row -->
                </fieldset>
                <!-- personal info -->
                <fieldset id="otherinfo">
                    <legend>سایر اطلاعات</legend>
                    <section class="row">
                        <label class="col col-lg-4 control-label">
                            نوع درخواست</label>
                        <div class="controls col col-lg-8">
                            <label class="radio">
                                <input type="radio" name="requesttype" value="question" />
                                سؤال
                            </label>
                            <label class="radio">
                                <input type="radio" name="requesttype" value="comment" />
                                انتقاد
                            </label>
                        </div>
                        <!-- controls -->
                    </section><!-- row -->
                    <section class="row">
                        <label class="col col-lg-4 control-label">
                            خبرنامه</label>
                        <div class="controls col col-lg-8">
                            <label class="checkbox">
                                <input type="checkbox" id="subscribe" name="subscribe" checked value="yes" />
                               آیا مایل به دریافت ایمیل‌های خبرنامه ما هستید؟
                            </label>
                        </div>
                        <!-- controls -->
                    </section><!-- row -->
                    <section class="row">
                        <label class="col col-lg-4 control-label" for="reference">
                            چطور از وجود سایت ما آگاه شدید؟</label>
                        <div class="controls col col-lg-8">
                            <select name="reference" id="reference">
                                <option>لطفا انتخاب کنید...</option>
                                <option value="friend">از طریق یک دوست</option>
                                <option value="facebook">Facebook</option>
                                <option value="twitter">Twitter</option>
                            </select>
                        </div>
                        <!-- controls -->
                    </section><!-- row -->
                </fieldset>
                <button class="btn" type="submit">
                    ارسال</button>
                </form>
            </article>
        </div>
        <!-- end row -->
    </div>
    <!-- /container -->

[
{
    OrderId: 1,
    OrderName: 'order 1'
    OrderItems: [
        {
            ProductId: 1,
            ProductName: "sample name"
        },
        {
            ProductId: 2,
            ProductName: "sample name 2"
        }
},
{
    OrderId: 2,
    OrderName: 'order 2'
    OrderItems: [
        {
            ProductId: 55,
            ProductName: "sample name 55"
        },
        {
            ProductId: 18,
            ProductName: "sample name18"
        }
}
]

var model = kendo.data.Model.define({
    id: "OrderId",
    fields: {
        OrderId: {
                type: "number",
                editable: false
        },
 
        OrderName: {
                type: "string",
                editable: false
        },
 
        OrderItems: {
            ??????????????
        }
    }
});

 routes.MapRoute(
                "old_blogger", // Route name
                "search/label/{name}", // URL with parameters
                new { controller = "Tag", action = "Index", name = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults
            );