private void LoadCameras()
        {
            List<string> data = new List<string>();
            List<KeyValuePair<int, string>> ListCamerasData = new List<KeyValuePair<int, string>>();
            //-> Find systems cameras with DirectShow.Net dll
            DsDevice[] _SystemCamereas = DsDevice.GetDevicesOfCat(FilterCategory.VideoInputDevice);
            int _DeviceIndex = 0;
            foreach (DirectShowLib.DsDevice _Camera in _SystemCamereas)
            {
                ListCamerasData.Add(new KeyValuePair<int, string>(_DeviceIndex, _Camera.Name));
                data.Add(_Camera.Name);
                _DeviceIndex++;
            }

            CameraList.ItemsSource = data;
        }

            using (CvCapture capture = CvCapture.FromCamera(cameraIndex))
            {
                //var interval = (int)(1000 / capture.Fps);
                IplImage image;
                while (_worker != null && !_worker.CancellationPending)
                {
                    if ((image = capture.QueryFrame()) != null)
                    {
                        _worker.ReportProgress(0, image);
                        Thread.Sleep(10);
                    }
                }
            }

<div class="alert">
    نمایش اعلانات
</div>

تعدادی کلاس دیگر نیز جهت استفاده از رنگ‌های مختلف نیز توسط بوت استرپ ارائه شده است: 

همچنین اگر مایل بودید می‌توانید با افزودن یک دکمه با کلاس close و ویژگی data-dismiss مساوی alert، امکان بستن پیام را در اختیار کاربر قرار دهید: 

<div class="alert alert-warning alert-dismissable">
  <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-hidden="true">&times;</button>
  نمایش اعلان
</div>

در ادامه قصد داریم این پیام را بعد از ثبت اطلاعات، به کاربر نمایش دهیم. یعنی در داخل کد، امکان صدا زدن این نوع پیام‌ها را داشته باشیم.

ابتدا کلاس‌های زیر را تعریف می‌کنیم:

کلاس Alert

public class Alert
{
        public const string TempDataKey = "TempDataAlerts";
        public string AlertStyle { get; set; }
        public string Message { get; set; }
        public bool Dismissable { get; set; }
}

در کلاس فوق خصوصیت یک alert را تعریف کرده‌ایم (از خاصیت TempDataKey جهت پاس دادن alert‌ها به view استفاده می‌کنیم).

public class AlertStyles
{
        public const string Success = "success";
        public const string Information = "info";
        public const string Warning = "warning";
        public const string Danger = "danger";
}

public class BaseController : Controller
{
        public void Success(string message, bool dismissable = false)
        {
            AddAlert(AlertStyles.Success, message, dismissable);
        }

        public void Information(string message, bool dismissable = false)
        {
            AddAlert(AlertStyles.Information, message, dismissable);
        }

        public void Warning(string message, bool dismissable = false)
        {
            AddAlert(AlertStyles.Warning, message, dismissable);
        }

        public void Danger(string message, bool dismissable = false)
        {
            AddAlert(AlertStyles.Danger, message, dismissable);
        }

        private void AddAlert(string alertStyle, string message, bool dismissable)
        {
            var alerts = TempData.ContainsKey(Alert.TempDataKey)
                ? (List<Alert>)TempData[Alert.TempDataKey]
                : new List<Alert>();

            alerts.Add(new Alert
            {
                AlertStyle = alertStyle,
                Message = message,
                Dismissable = dismissable
            });

            TempData[Alert.TempDataKey] = alerts;
        }
}

public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var userInfo = new
            {
                Name = "Sirwan",
                LastName = "Afifi",
            };
 
            ViewData["User"] = userInfo;
            ViewBag.User = userInfo;
            TempData["User"] = userInfo;

            return RedirectToAction("About");
        }

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "About";
}

<h1>Tempdata</h1><p>@TempData["User"]</p>
<h1>ViewData</h1><p>@ViewData["User"]</p>
<h1>ViewBag</h1><p>@ViewBag.User</p>

public class NewsController : BaseController
{
readonly INewsService _newsService;
        readonly IUnitOfWork _uow;
        public NewsController(INewsService newsService, IUnitOfWork uow)
        {
            _newsService = newsService;
            _uow = uow;
        }
        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        [ValidateInput(false)]
        public ActionResult Create(News news)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                _newsService.AddNews(news);
                _uow.SaveChanges();
                Success(string.Format("خبر با عنوان  <b>{0}</b> با موفقیت ذخیره گردید!", news.Title), true);
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            Danger("خطا در هنگام ثبت اطلاعات ");
            return View(news);
        }
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Delete(int id)
        {
            _newsService.DeleteNewsById(id);
            _uow.SaveChanges();
            Danger("اطلاعات مورد نظر با موفقیت حذف گردید!", true);
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
}

@{
    var alerts = TempData.ContainsKey(Alert.TempDataKey)
                ? (List<Alert>)TempData[Alert.TempDataKey]
                : new List<Alert>();

    if (alerts.Any())
    {
        <hr />
    }

    foreach (var alert in alerts)
    {
        var dismissableClass = alert.Dismissable ? "alert-dismissable" : null;
        <div class="alert alert-@alert.AlertStyle @dismissableClass">
            @if (alert.Dismissable)
            {
                <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-hidden="true">&times;</button>
            }
            @Html.Raw(alert.Message)
        </div>
    }
}

<div>
                    @{ Html.RenderPartial("_Alerts"); }
                    @RenderBody()
</div>

        public ActionResult Details(int id)
        {
            var user=_userService.GetById(3); // این متد ممکن است مقداری برگرداند و یا مقدار نال برگرداند
            if( user == null)
                 return HttpNotFound();
            return View(user);
        }

public ActionResult Details(int id)
        {
            var user = _userService
                            .GetById(3)
                            .DefaultIfEmpty(new User())
                            .Single();
            return View(user);
        }

public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
    return View(_userService.GetById(3) ?? new User()); 
}

public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
    var user = _userService.GetById(3);
    return user == null ? HttpNotFound() : View(user);
}

• NCover

• Pex & Mole

• DotCover

namespace TestPartCover
{
public class Foo
{
    public int DoFoo(int x, int y)
    {
        int z = 0;
        if ((x > 0) && (y > 0))
        {
            z = x;
        }
        return z;
    }

    public int DoSum(int x)
    {
        return ++x;
    }
}
}

using NUnit.Framework;

namespace TestPartCover.Tests
{
[TestFixture]
public class Tests
{
    [Test]
    public void TestDoFoo()
    {
        var result = new Foo().DoFoo(-1, 2);
        Assert.That(result == 0);
    }
}
}

<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v4.0.30319" />
</startup>

<runtime>
<loadFromRemoteSources enabled="true" />

TestPartCover.Tests.dll /framework=4.0.30319 /noshadow

+[TestPartCover]*
-[nunit*]*
-[log4net*]*

<PartCoverSettings>
<Target>D:\Prog\Libs\NUnit\bin\net-2.0\nunit-console.exe</Target>
<TargetWorkDir>D:\Prog\1390\TestPartCover\TestPartCover.Tests\bin\Debug</TargetWorkDir>
<TargetArgs>TestPartCover.Tests.dll /framework=4.0.30319 /noshadow</TargetArgs>
<Rule>+[TestPartCover]*</Rule>
<Rule>-[nunit*]*</Rule>
<Rule>-[log4net*]*</Rule>
</PartCoverSettings>

StructureMap (≥ 2.6.4.1)
CommonServiceLocator.StructureMapAdapter (≥ 1.1.0.3)
SNAP (≥ 1.8)
fasterflect (≥ 2.1.2)
Castle.Core (≥ 3.1.0)
CommonServiceLocator (≥ 1.0)

تنظیمات SNAP 

namespace Framework.UI.Asp
{
    public class Global : HttpApplication
    {
        void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            initSnap();
            initStructureMap();
        }

        private static void initSnap()
        {
            SnapConfiguration.For<StructureMapAspectContainer>(c =>
            {
                // Tell Snap to intercept types under the "Framework.ServiceLayer..." namespace.
                c.IncludeNamespace("Framework.ServiceLayer.*");
                // Register a custom interceptor (a.k.a. an aspect).
                c.Bind<Framework.ServiceLayer.Aspects.AuthorizationInterceptor>()
                .To<Framework.ServiceLayer.Aspects.AuthorizationAttribute>();
            });
        }

        void Application_EndRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ObjectFactory.ReleaseAndDisposeAllHttpScopedObjects();
        }

        private static void initStructureMap()
        {
            var thread = StructureMap.Pipeline.Lifecycles.GetLifecycle(InstanceScope.HttpSession);
            ObjectFactory.Configure(x =>
            {
                x.For<IUserManager>().Use<EFUserManager>();
                x.For<IAuthorizationManager>().LifecycleIs(thread)
                 .Use<EFAuthorizationManager>().Named("_AuthorizationManager");                
                x.For<Framework.DataLayer.IUnitOfWork>()
                 .Use<Framework.DataLayer.Context>();

                x.SetAllProperties(y =>
                {
                    y.OfType<IUserManager>();
                    y.OfType<Framework.DataLayer.IUnitOfWork>();
                    y.OfType<Framework.Common.Web.IPageHelpers>();
                });
            });
        }
    }
}

namespace Framework.ServiceLayer.Aspects
{
    public class AuthorizationInterceptor : MethodInterceptor
    {
        public override void InterceptMethod(IInvocation invocation, MethodBase method, Attribute attribute)
        {
            var AuthManager = StructureMap.ObjectFactory
.GetInstance<Framework.ServiceLayer.UserManager.IAuthorizationManager>();
            var FullName = GetMethodFullName(method);
            if (!AuthManager.IsActionAuthorized(FullName))
                throw new Common.Exceptions.UnauthorizedAccessException("");

            invocation.Proceed(); // the underlying method call
        }

        private static string GetMethodFullName(MethodBase method)
        {
            var TypeName = (((System.Reflection.MemberInfo)(method)).DeclaringType).FullName;
            return TypeName + "." + method.Name;
        }
    }

    public class AuthorizationAttribute : MethodInterceptAttribute
    { }

namespace Snap
{
    public abstract class MethodInterceptor : IAttributeInterceptor, IInterceptor, IHideBaseTypes
    {
        protected MethodInterceptor();

        public int Order { get; set; }
        public Type TargetAttribute { get; set; }

        public virtual void AfterInvocation();
        public virtual void BeforeInvocation();
        public void Intercept(IInvocation invocation);
        public abstract void InterceptMethod(IInvocation invocation, MethodBase method, Attribute attribute);
        public bool ShouldIntercept(IInvocation invocation);
    }
}

یک نکته  

        private void Application_PreRequestHandlerExecute(object source, EventArgs e)
        {
            var page = HttpContext.Current.Handler as BasePage; // The Page handler
            if (page == null)
                return;

            WireUpThePage(page);
            WireUpAllUserControls(page);

            var UsrCod = HttpContext.Current.Session["UsrCod"];
            if (UsrCod != null)
            {
                var _AuthorizationManager = ObjectFactory
                    .GetNamedInstance<Framework.ServiceLayer.UserManager.IAuthorizationManager>("_AuthorizationManager");

                ((Framework.ServiceLayer.UserManager.EFAuthorizationManager)_AuthorizationManager)
                    .AuditUserId = UsrCod.ToString();
            }
        }

namespace Framework.ServiceLayer.UserManager
{
    public class EFUserManager : IUserManager
    {
        IUnitOfWork _uow;
        IDbSet<User> _users;

        public EFUserManager(IUnitOfWork uow)
        {
            _uow = uow;
            _users = _uow.Set<User>();
        }

        [Framework.ServiceLayer.Aspects.Authorization]
        public List<User> GetAll()
        {
            return _users.ToList<User>();
        }
    }
}

public class StructureMapGlobalFilterProvider : IFilterProvider
    {
        public StructureMapGlobalFilterProvider(IContainer container, GlobalFilterRegistrationList filterList)
        {
            _container = container;
            _filterList = filterList;
        }

        private IContainer _container;
        private GlobalFilterRegistrationList _filterList;

        public IEnumerable<Filter> GetFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor)
        {
            var filters = new List<Filter>();
            if (_filterList == null || _filterList.Count == 0)
                return filters;
            foreach (GlobalFilterRegistration registration in _filterList)
            {
                var actionFilter = _container.GetInstance(registration.Type);
                var filter = new Filter(actionFilter, FilterScope.Global, registration.Order);
                filters.Add(filter);
            }
            return filters;
        }
    }

    public class GlobalFilterRegistration
    {
        public Type Type { get; set; }
        public int? Order { get; set; }
    }

    public class GlobalFilterRegistrationList : List<GlobalFilterRegistration>
    {
    }

 var globalFilterRegistrationList = new GlobalFilterRegistrationList
                {
                    new GlobalFilterRegistration
                    {
                        Type = typeof (LogAttribute),
                        Order
                            = 1
                    }
                };
                container.Configure(x =>
                {
                    x.For<IFilterProvider>().Use<StructureMapGlobalFilterProvider>();
                    x.For<GlobalFilterRegistrationList>().Use(globalFilterRegistrationList);
                });

public ActionResult GetComments(JqGridRequest request, int? nodeid, int? parentid, int? n_level)

if (nodeid == null)
{
     productsQuery = productsQuery.Where(x => x.ParentId == null);
}

else
{
   // آی دی یک گره می‌تواند کلید خارجی یک جدول دیگر باشد
   productsQuery = productsQuery.Where(x => x.ParentId == nodeid.Value);
}

 PM> install-package OxyPlot.Wpf

<Window x:Class="OxyPlotWpfTests.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:oxy="http://oxyplot.org/wpf"
        xmlns:oxyPlotWpfTests="clr-namespace:OxyPlotWpfTests"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <oxyPlotWpfTests:MainWindowViewModel x:Key="MainWindowViewModel" />
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid DataContext="{Binding Source={StaticResource MainWindowViewModel}}">
        <oxy:PlotView Model="{Binding PlotModel}"/>
    </Grid>
</Window>

public class MainWindowViewModel
{
   public PlotModel PlotModel { get; set; } 

        private void createPlotModel()
        {
            PlotModel = new PlotModel
            {
                Title = "سری خطوط",
                Subtitle = "Pan (right click and drag)/Zoom (Middle click and drag)/Reset (double-click)"
            };
            PlotModel.MouseDown += (sender, args) =>
            {
                if (args.ChangedButton == OxyMouseButton.Left && args.ClickCount == 2)
                {
                    foreach (var axis in PlotModel.Axes)
                        axis.Reset();

                    PlotModel.InvalidatePlot(false);
                }
            };
        }

       readonly LinearAxis _xAxis = new LinearAxis();
        private void addXAxis()
        {
            _xAxis.Minimum = 0;
            _xAxis.MaximumPadding = 1;
            _xAxis.MinimumPadding = 1;
            _xAxis.Position = AxisPosition.Bottom;
            _xAxis.Title = "X axis";
            _xAxis.MajorGridlineStyle = LineStyle.Solid;
            _xAxis.MinorGridlineStyle = LineStyle.Dot;
            PlotModel.Axes.Add(_xAxis);
        }

        readonly LinearAxis _yAxis = new LinearAxis();
        private void addYAxis()
        {
            _yAxis.Minimum = 0;
            _yAxis.Title = "Y axis";
            _yAxis.MaximumPadding = 1;
            _yAxis.MinimumPadding = 1;
            _yAxis.MajorGridlineStyle = LineStyle.Solid;
            _yAxis.MinorGridlineStyle = LineStyle.Dot;
            PlotModel.Axes.Add(_yAxis);
        }

        readonly LineSeries _lineSeries1 = new LineSeries();
        private void addLineSeries1()
        {
            _lineSeries1.MarkerType = MarkerType.Circle;
            _lineSeries1.StrokeThickness = 2;
            _lineSeries1.MarkerSize = 3;
            _lineSeries1.Title = "Start";
            _lineSeries1.MouseDown += (s, e) =>
            {
                if (e.ChangedButton == OxyMouseButton.Left)
                {
                    PlotModel.Subtitle = "Index of nearest point in LineSeries: " + Math.Round(e.HitTestResult.Index);
                    PlotModel.InvalidatePlot(false);
                }
            };
            PlotModel.Series.Add(_lineSeries1);
        }

        readonly LineSeries _lineSeries2 = new LineSeries();
        private void addLineSeries2()
        {
            _lineSeries2.MarkerType = MarkerType.Circle;
            _lineSeries2.Title = "End";
            _lineSeries2.StrokeThickness = 2;
            _lineSeries2.MarkerSize = 3;
            _lineSeries2.MouseDown += (s, e) =>
            {
                if (e.ChangedButton == OxyMouseButton.Left)
                {
                    PlotModel.Subtitle = "Index of nearest point in LineSeries: " + Math.Round(e.HitTestResult.Index);
                    PlotModel.InvalidatePlot(false);
                }
            };
            PlotModel.Series.Add(_lineSeries2);
        }

        private int _xMax;
        private int _yMax;
        private bool _haveNewPoints;
        private void addPoints()
        {
            var timer = new DispatcherTimer {Interval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1)};
            var rnd = new Random();
            var x = 1;
            updateXMax(x);
            timer.Tick += (sender, args) =>
            {
                var y1 = rnd.Next(100);
                updateYMax(y1);
                _lineSeries1.Points.Add(new DataPoint(x, y1));

                var y2 = rnd.Next(100);
                updateYMax(y2);
                _lineSeries2.Points.Add(new DataPoint(x, rnd.Next(y2)));

                x++;

                updateXMax(x);
                _haveNewPoints = true;
            };
            timer.Start();
        }

        private void updateXMax(int value)
        {
            if (value > _xMax)
            {
                _xMax = value;
            }
        }

        private void updateYMax(int value)
        {
            if (value > _yMax)
            {
                _yMax = value;
            }
        }

        private readonly Stopwatch _stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
        private void updatePlot()
        {
            CompositionTarget.Rendering += (sender, args) =>
            {
                if (_stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds > _lastUpdateMilliseconds + 2000 && _haveNewPoints)
                {
                    if (_yMax > 0 && _xMax > 0)
                    {
                        _yAxis.Maximum = _yMax + 3;
                        _xAxis.Maximum = _xMax + 1;
                    }

                    PlotModel.InvalidatePlot(false);

                    _haveNewPoints = false;
                    _lastUpdateMilliseconds = _stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds;
                }
            };
        }

 dotnet new mvc

 ng new SignalRCore2Client

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp2.0</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.All" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR" Version="1.0.0-alpha1-final" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Tools" Version="2.0.0" />
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.DotNet.Watcher.Tools" Version="2.0.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

 dotnet restore

 dotnet watch run

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;

namespace SignalRCore2WebApp.Hubs
{
    public class MessageHub : Hub
    {
        public Task Send(string message)
        {
            return Clients.All.InvokeAsync("Send", message);
        }
    }
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
   services.AddSignalR();
   services.AddMvc();
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
   app.UseSignalR(routes =>
   {
      routes.MapHub<MessageHub>(path: "message");
    });

  http://localhost:5000/message

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;
using SignalRCore2WebApp.Hubs;

namespace SignalRCore2WebApp.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IHubContext<MessageHub> _messageHubContext;
        public HomeController(IHubContext<MessageHub> messageHubContext)
        {
            _messageHubContext = messageHubContext;
        }

        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return View(); // show the view
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<IActionResult> Index(string message)
        {
            await _messageHubContext.Clients.All.InvokeAsync("Send", message);
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Home Page";
}

<form method="post"
      asp-action="Index"
      asp-controller="Home"
      role="form">
  <div class="form-group">
     <label label-for="message">Message: </label>
     <input id="message" name="message" class="form-control"/>
  </div>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Send</button>
</form>

 npm install @aspnet/signalr-client --save

import { Component, OnInit } from "@angular/core";
import { HubConnection } from "@aspnet/signalr-client";

@Component({
  selector: "app-root",
  templateUrl: "./app.component.html",
  styleUrls: ["./app.component.css"]
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  hubPath = "http://localhost:5000/message";
  messages: string[] = [];

  ngOnInit(): void {
    const connection = new HubConnection(this.hubPath);
    connection.on("send", data => {
      this.messages.push(data);
    });
    connection.start().then(() => {
      // connection.invoke("send", "Hello");
      console.log("connected.");
    });
  }
}

<div>
  <h1>
    The messages from the server:
  </h1>
  <ul>
    <li *ngFor="let message of messages">
      {{message}}
    </li>
  </ul>
</div>

  ng serve -o

 Failed to load http://localhost:5000/message: Response to preflight request doesn't pass access control check: No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource. Origin 'http://localhost:4200' is therefore not allowed access.

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddSignalR();
    services.AddCors(options =>
            {
                options.AddPolicy("CorsPolicy",
                    builder => builder
                        .AllowAnyOrigin()
                        .AllowAnyMethod()
                        .AllowAnyHeader()
                        .AllowCredentials());
            });
    services.AddMvc();
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
   app.UseCors(policyName: "CorsPolicy");