using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async05
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var res = doSomethingAsync().Result;
        }

        static async Task<int> doSomethingAsync()
        {
            await Task.Delay(1);
            return 1;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async05
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var task = showTitlesAsync(new[]
            {
                "http://www.google.com",
                "https://www.dntips.ir"
            });
            task.Wait();

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static async Task showTitlesAsync(IEnumerable<string> urls)
        {
            foreach (var url in urls)
            {
                var title = await getTitleAsync(url);
                Console.WriteLine(title);
            }
        }

        static async Task<string> getTitleAsync(string url)
        {
            var data = await new WebClient().DownloadStringTaskAsync(url);
            return getTitle(data);
        }

        private static string getTitle(string data)
        {
            const string patternTitle = @"(?s)<title>(.+?)</title>";
            var regex = new Regex(patternTitle);
            var mc = regex.Match(data);
            return mc.Groups.Count == 2 ? mc.Groups[1].Value.Trim() : string.Empty;
        }
    }
}

        static async Task showTitlesAsync(IEnumerable<string> urls)
        {
            foreach (var url in urls)
            {
                try
                {
                    var title = await getTitleAsync(url);
                    Console.WriteLine(title);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex);
                }
            }
        }

 System.Net.WebException: The remote server returned an error: (502) Bad Gateway.
System.Net.WebException: The remote server returned an error: (502) Bad Gateway.

Press any key to exit...

public async Task<double> GetSum2Async()
        {
            try
            {
                var task1 = GetNumberAsync();
                var task2 = GetNumberAsync();

                var compositeTask = Task.WhenAll(task1, task2);
                await compositeTask.ContinueWith(x => { });

                return compositeTask.Result[0] + compositeTask.Result[1];
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //todo: log ex
                throw;
            }
        }

        public async Task<double> GetSumAsync()
        {
            var leftOperand = await GetNumberAsync();
            var rightOperand = await GetNumberAsync();

            return leftOperand + rightOperand;
        }

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Test2();
            Test();
            Console.ReadLine();

            GC.Collect();
            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        public static async Task Test()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }

        public static async void Test2()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }
    }
}

 Warning  1  Because this call is not awaited, execution of the current method continues before the call is completed.
Consider applying the 'await' operator to the result of the call.

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Async01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException += TaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException;

            //Test2();
            Test();
            Console.ReadLine();

            GC.Collect();
            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        private static void TaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException(object sender, UnobservedTaskExceptionEventArgs e)
        {
            e.SetObserved();
            Console.WriteLine(e.Exception);
        }

        public static async Task Test()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }

        public static async void Test2()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }
    }
}

Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { throw new Exception(); });

Thread.Sleep(100);
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

 <configuration>
    <runtime>
      <ThrowUnobservedTaskExceptions enabled="true"/>
    </runtime>
</configuration>

protected override void LoadState(Object navigationParameter, Dictionary<String, Object> pageState)
{
    try
    {
        ClickMeButton.Tapped += async (sender, args) =>
        {
             throw new Exception();        

        };
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // This won’t catch exceptions!
        TextBlock1.Text = ex.Message;
    }
}

 public delegate void TappedEventHandler(object sender, TappedRoutedEventArgs e);

<customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="error">
        <error statusCode="404" redirect="error/notfound" />
        <error statusCode="403" redirect="error/forbidden" />
</customErrors>

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDatabaseErrorPage();
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseExceptionHandler("/error/index/500");
            app.UseStatusCodePagesWithReExecute("/error/index/{0}");

    public class ErrorController : Controller
    {
        private readonly ILogger<ErrorController> _logger;

        public ErrorController(ILogger<ErrorController> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public IActionResult Index(int? id)
        {
            var logBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            var statusCodeReExecuteFeature = HttpContext.Features.Get<IStatusCodeReExecuteFeature>();
            logBuilder.AppendLine($"Error {id} for {Request.Method} {statusCodeReExecuteFeature?.OriginalPath ?? Request.Path.Value}{Request.QueryString.Value}\n");

            var exceptionHandlerFeature = this.HttpContext.Features.Get<IExceptionHandlerFeature>();
            if (exceptionHandlerFeature?.Error != null)
            {
                var exception = exceptionHandlerFeature.Error;
                logBuilder.AppendLine($"<h1>Exception: {exception.Message}</h1>{exception.StackTrace}");
            }

            foreach (var header in Request.Headers)
            {
                var headerValues = string.Join(",", value: header.Value);
                logBuilder.AppendLine($"{header.Key}: {headerValues}");
            }
            _logger.LogError(logBuilder.ToString());

            if (id == null)
            {
                return View("Error");
            }

            switch (id.Value)
            {
                case 401:
                case 403:
                    return View("AccessDenied");
                case 404:
                    return View("NotFound");

                default:
                    return View("Error");
            }
        }
    }

public class CustomStringModelBinderProvider : IModelBinderProvider
{
    public IModelBinder GetBinder(ModelBinderProviderContext context)
    {
        if (context == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(context));
        }
 
        if (context.Metadata.IsComplexType)
        {
            return null;
        }
 
        var fallbackBinder = new SimpleTypeModelBinder(context.Metadata.ModelType);
        if (context.Metadata.ModelType == typeof(string))
        {
            return new CustomStringModelBinder(fallbackBinder);
        }
        return fallbackBinder;
    }
}

public class CustomStringModelBinder : IModelBinder
{
    private readonly IModelBinder _fallbackBinder;
    public CustomStringModelBinder(IModelBinder fallbackBinder)
    {
        if (fallbackBinder == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(fallbackBinder));
        }
        _fallbackBinder = fallbackBinder;
    }
 
    public Task BindModelAsync(ModelBindingContext bindingContext)
    {
        if (bindingContext == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(bindingContext));
        }
 
        var valueProviderResult = bindingContext.ValueProvider.GetValue(bindingContext.ModelName);
        if (valueProviderResult != ValueProviderResult.None)
        {
            bindingContext.ModelState.SetModelValue(bindingContext.ModelName, valueProviderResult);
 
            var valueAsString = valueProviderResult.FirstValue;
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(valueAsString))
            {
                return _fallbackBinder.BindModelAsync(bindingContext);
            }
 
            var model = valueAsString.Replace((char)1610, (char)1740).Replace((char)1603, (char)1705);
            bindingContext.Result = ModelBindingResult.Success(model);
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
 
        return _fallbackBinder.BindModelAsync(bindingContext);
    }
}

public static class CustomStringModelBinderExtensions
{
    public static MvcOptions UseCustomStringModelBinder(this MvcOptions options)
    {
        if (options == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options));
        }
 
        var simpleTypeModelBinder = options.ModelBinderProviders.FirstOrDefault(x => x.GetType() == typeof(SimpleTypeModelBinderProvider));
        if (simpleTypeModelBinder == null)
        {
            return options;
        }
 
        var simpleTypeModelBinderIndex = options.ModelBinderProviders.IndexOf(simpleTypeModelBinder);
        options.ModelBinderProviders.Insert(simpleTypeModelBinderIndex, new CustomStringModelBinderProvider());
        return options;
    }
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddMvc(options =>
    {
        options.UseCustomStringModelBinder(); 
    });

let name: string;
name = "Vahid"; // OK
name = null; // OK
name = undefined;  // OK

let age: number;
age = 24; // OK
age = null; // OK
age = undefined;  // OK

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "strictNullChecks": true
    }
}

 let foo: string = null; // Error! Type 'null' is not assignable to type 'string'.

Uncaught ReferenceError: foo is not defined
Uncaught TypeError: window.foo is not a function

// With strictNullChecks set to false
let d: Array<number> = [null, undefined, 10, 15]; //OK
let e: Array<string> = ["pie", null, ""];  //OK
 
 
// With strictNullChecks set to true
let d: Array<number> = [null, undefined, 10, 15]; // Error
let e: Array<string> = ["pie", null, ""]; // Error

{ 
    "compilerOptions": { 
        "strict": true  /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */ 
    } 
}

{ 
    "compilerOptions": { 
        "strict": true, 
        "noImplicitThis": false 
    } 
}

 let foo: string | null = null; // Okay!

let name: string | null;
name = "Vahid"; // OK
name = null; // OK
name = undefined;  // Error

let z = null;

testAssignedBeforeUseChecking() {
    let x: number;
    console.log(x);
}

 [ts] Variable 'x' is used before being assigned.

let z: number | undefined;
console.log(z);

method1(x?: number) {
}

method1(x?: number | undefined) {
}

  f(x: number): string {
    return x.toString();
  }

  testTypeGuards() {
    let x: number | null | undefined;
    if (x) {
      this.f(x);  // Ok, type of x is number here
    } else {
      this.f(x);  // Error, type of x is number? here
    }
  }

 Argument of type 'number | null | undefined' is not assignable to parameter of type 'number'.
Type 'undefined' is not assignable to type 'number'.

getLength(s: string | null) {
   return s ? s.length : 0;
}

isNumber(n: any): n is number { // type guard
   return typeof n === "number";
}

  usedMb(usedBytes?: number): number | undefined {
    return this.isNumber(usedBytes) ? (usedBytes / (1024 * 1024)) : undefined;
  }

  usedMb2(usedBytes?: number): number | undefined {
    return usedBytes ? (usedBytes / (1024 * 1024)) : undefined;
  }

  formatUsedMb(): string {
    //ERROR: TS2531: Object is possibly undefined
    return this.usedMb(123).toFixed(0).toString();
  }

  formatUsed(): string {
    const usedMb = this.usedMb(123);
    return usedMb ? usedMb.toFixed(0).toString() : "";
  }

export interface User {
  name: string;
  age?: number;
}

  printUserInfo(user: User) {
    if (user.age != null) {
      console.log(`${user.name}, ${user.age.toString()}`);
    }
  }

  printUserInfo(user: User) {
    console.log(`${user.name}, ${user.age.toString()}`);
  }

  printUserInfo(user: User) {
    console.log(`${user.name}, ${user.age!.toString()}`);
  }

 [tslint] Forbidden non null assertion (no-non-null-assertion)

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
{
    public interface IHostedService
    {
        Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
    }
}

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class SampleHostedService : IHostedService
    {
        private readonly ILogger<SampleHostedService> _logger;

        public SampleHostedService(ILogger<SampleHostedService> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Starting Hosted service");

            while (!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                _logger.LogInformation("Hosted service executing - {0}", DateTime.Now);
                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2), cancellationToken);
            }
        }

        public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Stopping Hosted service");
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, SampleHostedService>();

services.AddHostedService<SampleHostedService>();

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)

Startup.cs(82,56): error CS0104: 'IHostingEnvironment' is an ambiguous reference between
'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.IHostingEnvironment' and 'Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostingEnvironment'

D:\MvcTest>dotnet run
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Starting Hosted service
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 14:45:10
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 14:45:12
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 14:45:14
Ctrl+C
Application is shutting down...
Hosting environment: Development
Content root path: D:\MvcTest
Now listening on: https://localhost:5001
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
{
    public abstract class BackgroundService : IHostedService, IDisposable
    {
        protected BackgroundService();
        public virtual void Dispose();
        public virtual Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        public virtual Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        protected abstract Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken);
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class PrinterHostedService : BackgroundService
    {
        private readonly ILogger<SampleHostedService> _logger;

        public PrinterHostedService(ILogger<SampleHostedService> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Starting Hosted service");

            while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                _logger.LogInformation("Hosted service executing - {0}", DateTime.Now);
                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2), stoppingToken);
            }
        }
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddHostedService<PrinterHostedService>();

D:\MvcTest>dotnet run
Hosting environment: Development
infoContent root path: D:\MvcTest
Now listening on: https://localhost:5001
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Starting Hosted service
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 15:00:23
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 15:00:25
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 15:00:27
Application is shutting down...
^C

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

public abstract class ScopedBackgroundService : BackgroundService
{
    private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _serviceScopeFactory;

    public ScopedBackgroundService(IServiceScopeFactory serviceScopeFactory)
    {
        _serviceScopeFactory = serviceScopeFactory;
    }

    protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        using (var scope = _serviceScopeFactory.CreateScope())
        {
            await ExecuteInScope(scope.ServiceProvider, stoppingToken);
        }
    }

    public abstract Task ExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken);
}

 dotnet add package ncrontab

┌───────────── minute (0 - 59) 
│ ┌───────────── hour (0 - 23) 
│ │ ┌───────────── day of month (1 - 31) 
│ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1 - 12) 
│ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday to Saturday; 
│ │ │ │ │                                       7 is also Sunday on some systems) 
│ │ │ │ │ 
│ │ │ │ │ 
* * * * *

* * * * * *
- - - - - -
| | | | | |
| | | | | +--- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0)
| | | | +----- month (1 - 12)
| | | +------- day of month (1 - 31)
| | +--------- hour (0 - 23)
| +----------- min (0 - 59)
+------------- sec (0 - 59)

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using NCrontab;
using static NCrontab.CrontabSchedule;

public abstract class ScheduledScopedBackgroundService : ScopedBackgroundService
{
    private CrontabSchedule _schedule;
    private DateTime _nextRun;

    protected abstract string Schedule { get; }

    public ScheduledScopedBackgroundService(IServiceScopeFactory serviceScopeFactory)
     : base(serviceScopeFactory)
    {
        _schedule = CrontabSchedule.Parse(Schedule, new ParseOptions { IncludingSeconds = true });
        _nextRun = _schedule.GetNextOccurrence(DateTime.Now);
    }

    public override async Task ExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        do
        {
            var now = DateTime.Now;
            if (now > _nextRun)
            {
                await ScheduledExecuteInScope(serviceProvider, stoppingToken);
                _nextRun = _schedule.GetNextOccurrence(DateTime.Now);
            }
            await Task.Delay(1000, stoppingToken); //1 second delay
        }
        while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested);
    }

    public abstract Task ScheduledExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken);
}

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

public class MyScheduledTask : ScheduledScopedBackgroundService
{
    private readonly ILogger<MyScheduledTask> _logger;

    public MyScheduledTask(
        IServiceScopeFactory serviceScopeFactory,
        ILogger<MyScheduledTask> logger) : base(serviceScopeFactory)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }

    protected override string Schedule => "*/10 * * * * *"; //Runs every 10 seconds

    public override Task ScheduledExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("MyScheduledTask executing - {0}", DateTime.Now);
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddHostedService<MyScheduledTask>();

D:\MvcTest>dotnet run
Hosting environment: Development
Content root path: D:\MvcTest
Now listening on: https://localhost:5001
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
info: MyScheduledTask[0]
      MyScheduledTask executing - 02/19/2019 19:18:50
info: MyScheduledTask[0]
      MyScheduledTask executing - 02/19/2019 19:19:00
info: MyScheduledTask[0]
      MyScheduledTask executing - 02/19/2019 19:19:10
Application is shutting down...
^C

PM> Install-Package NBench
PM> Install-Package NBench.Runner

[PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Measurement)]
[MemoryMeasurement(MemoryMetric.TotalBytesAllocated)]
public void AddMemoryMeasurement()
{
    const int numberOfAdds = 1000000;
    var dictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>();
    for (var i = 0; i < numberOfAdds; i++)
    {
        dictionary.Add(i, i);
    }
}
 
[PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Measurement)]
[GcMeasurement(GcMetric.TotalCollections, GcGeneration.AllGc)]
public void MeasureGarbageCollections()
{
    var dataCache = new List<int[]>();
    for (var i = 0; i < 500; i++)
    {
        for (var j = 0; j < 10000; j++)
        {
            var data = new int[100];
            dataCache.Add(data.ToArray());
        }
 
        dataCache.Clear();
    }
}

 D:\Prog\NBenchSample\packages\NBench.Runner.0.3.4\lib\net45\NBench.Runner.exe "D:\Prog\NBenchSample\NBenchSample\bin\Release\NBenchSample.exe"

 --------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.Program+AddMemoryMeasurement ---------------
TotalBytesAllocated: Max: 47,842,944.00 bytes, Average: 42,002,757.60 bytes, Min: 41,353,848.00 bytes, StdDev: 2,052,032.33 bytes
TotalBytesAllocated: Max / s: 359,074,078.19 bytes, Average / s: 311,474,786.96 bytes, Min / s: 300,926,928.79 bytes, StdDev / s: 16,869,581.62 bytes

--------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.Program+MeasureGarbageCollections ---------------
TotalCollections [Gen0]: Max: 708.00 collections, Average: 702.80 collections, Min: 697.00 collections, StdDev: 3.65 collections
TotalCollections [Gen0]: Max / s: 111.55 collections, Average / s: 109.87 collections, Min / s: 107.88 collections, StdDev / s: 1.28 collections

TotalCollections [Gen1]: Max: 338.00 collections, Average: 334.60 collections, Min: 330.00 collections, StdDev: 2.41 collections
TotalCollections [Gen1]: Max / s: 53.61 collections, Average / s: 52.31 collections, Min / s: 51.10 collections, StdDev / s: 0.70 collections

TotalCollections [Gen2]: Max: 32.00 collections, Average: 24.80 collections, Min: 18.00 collections, StdDev: 4.73 collections
TotalCollections [Gen2]: Max / s: 4.91 collections, Average / s: 3.87 collections, Min / s: 2.86 collections, StdDev / s: 0.72 collections

[PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Measurement)]
[MemoryMeasurement(MemoryMetric.TotalBytesAllocated)]
public void AddMemoryMeasurement_With_initial_Size()
{
    const int numberOfAdds = 1000000;
    var dictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>(numberOfAdds);
    for (var i = 0; i < numberOfAdds; i++)
    {
        dictionary.Add(i, i);
    }
}

 --------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.Program+AddMemoryMeasurement_With_initial_Size ---------------
TotalBytesAllocated: Max: 23,245,912.00 bytes, Average: 23,245,912.00 bytes, Min: 23,245,912.00 bytes, StdDev: 0.00 bytes
TotalBytesAllocated: Max / s: 394,032,435.34 bytes, Average / s: 389,108,363.43 bytes, Min / s: 378,502,981.34 bytes, StdDev / s: 5,575,519.09 bytes

public class DictionaryThroughputTests
{
    private readonly Dictionary<int, int> _dictionary = new Dictionary<int, int>();
 
    private const string AddCounterName = "AddCounter";
    private Counter _addCounter;
    private int _key;
 
    private const int AverageOperationsPerSecond = 20000000;
 
    [PerfSetup]
    public void Setup(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        _addCounter = context.GetCounter(AddCounterName);
        _key = 0;
    }
 
    [PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Throughput, TestMode = TestMode.Test)]
    [CounterThroughputAssertion(AddCounterName, MustBe.GreaterThan, AverageOperationsPerSecond)]
    public void AddThroughput_ThroughputMode(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        _dictionary.Add(_key++, _key);
        _addCounter.Increment();
    }
 
    [PerfBenchmark(RunMode = RunMode.Iterations, TestMode = TestMode.Test)]
    [CounterThroughputAssertion(AddCounterName, MustBe.GreaterThan, AverageOperationsPerSecond)]
    public void AddThroughput_IterationsMode(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        for (var i = 0; i < AverageOperationsPerSecond; i++)
        {
            _dictionary.Add(i, i);
            _addCounter.Increment();
        }
    }
 
    [PerfCleanup]
    public void Cleanup(BenchmarkContext context)
    {
        _dictionary.Clear();
    }
}

 --------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.DictionaryThroughputTests+AddThroughput_ThroughputMode ---------------
[Counter] AddCounter: Max: 575,654.00 operations, Average: 575,654.00 operations, Min: 575,654.00 operations, StdDev: 0.00 operations
[Counter] AddCounter: Max / s: 7,205,997.59 operations, Average / s: 7,163,894.30 operations, Min / s: 7,075,316.79 operations, StdDev / s: 42,518.20 operations

--------------- RESULTS: NBenchSample.DictionaryThroughputTests+AddThroughput_IterationsMode ---------------
[Counter] AddCounter: Max: 20,000,000.00 operations, Average: 20,000,000.00 operations, Min: 20,000,000.00 operations, StdDev: 0.00 operations
[Counter] AddCounter: Max / s: 7,409,380.61 operations, Average / s: 7,250,991.24 operations, Min / s: 6,880,938.73 operations, StdDev / s: 148,085.19 operations

 >ng g s employee/FormPoster -m employee.module

 installing service
  create src\app\employee\form-poster.service.spec.ts
  create src\app\employee\form-poster.service.ts
  update src\app\employee\employee.module.ts

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Http } from '@angular/http';

import { Employee } from './employee';

@Injectable()
export class FormPosterService {

    constructor(private http:Http) {
    }

    postEmployeeForm(employee: Employee) {
    }
}

import { HttpModule } from "@angular/http";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    FormsModule,
    HttpModule,
    EmployeeModule,
    AppRoutingModule
  ]

import { FormPosterService } from "../form-poster.service";

export class EmployeeRegisterComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(private formPoster: FormPosterService) {}

}

>npm install
>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore
>dotnet watch run

<form #form="ngForm" (submit)="submitForm(form)" novalidate>

export class EmployeeRegisterComponent implements OnInit {
  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    console.log(this.model);
    console.log(form.value);
  }
}

import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";
import { Http, Response, Headers, RequestOptions } from "@angular/http";

import { Observable } from "rxjs/Observable";
import "rxjs/add/operator/do";
import "rxjs/add/operator/catch";
import "rxjs/add/observable/throw";
import "rxjs/add/operator/map";
import "rxjs/add/observable/of";

import { Employee } from "./employee";

@Injectable()
export class FormPosterService {
  private baseUrl = "api/employee";

  constructor(private http: Http) {}

  private extractData(res: Response) {
    const body = res.json();
    return body.fields || {};
  }

  private handleError(error: Response): Observable<any> {
    console.error("observable error: ", error);
    return Observable.throw(error.statusText);
  }

  postEmployeeForm(employee: Employee): Observable<Employee> {
    const body = JSON.stringify(employee);
    const headers = new Headers({ "Content-Type": "application/json" });
    const options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });

    return this.http
      .post(this.baseUrl, body, options)
      .map(this.extractData)
      .catch(this.handleError);
  }
}

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    console.log(this.model);
    console.log(form.value);

    // validate form
    this.validatePrimaryLanguage(this.model.primaryLanguage);
    if (this.hasPrimaryLanguageError) {
      return;
    }

    this.formPoster
      .postEmployeeForm(this.model)
      .subscribe(
        data => console.log("success: ", data),
        err => console.log("error: ", err)
      );
  }

export class FormPosterService {
  private baseUrl = "api/employee";

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models
{
    public class Employee
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        public bool IsFullTime { get; set; }
        public string PaymentType { get; set; }
        public string PrimaryLanguage { get; set; }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class EmployeeController : Controller
    {
        public IActionResult Post([FromBody] Employee model)
        {
            //todo: save model

            model.Id = 100;
            return Created("", new { fields = model });
        }
    }
}

{"fields":{"id":100,"firstName":"Vahid","lastName":"N","isFullTime":true,"paymentType":"FullTime","primaryLanguage":"Persian"}}

  private extractData(res: Response) {
    const body = res.json();
    return body.fields || {};
  }

 data => console.log("success: ", data)

[HttpGet("/api/[controller]/[action]")]
public IActionResult Languages()
{
    string[] languages = { "Persian", "English", "Spanish", "Other" };
    return Ok(languages);
}

  private extractLanguages(res: Response) {
    const body = res.json();
    return body || {};
  }

  getLanguages(): Observable<any> {
    return this.http
      .get(`${this.baseUrl}/languages`)
      .map(this.extractLanguages)
      .catch(this.handleError);
  }

  languages = [];

  ngOnInit() {
    this.formPoster
      .getLanguages()
      .subscribe(
        data => this.languages = data,
        err => console.log("get error: ", err)
      );
  }

<h3 *ngIf="languages.length == 0">Loading...</h3>
<div class="container" *ngIf="languages.length > 0">

>npm install
>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore
>dotnet watch run

using System;
using System.Windows.Input;

namespace Common.Mvvm
{
    public class DelegateCommand<T> : ICommand
    {
        readonly Func<T, bool> _canExecute;
        readonly Action<T> _executeAction;

        public DelegateCommand(Action<T> executeAction, Func<T, bool> canExecute = null)
        {
            if (executeAction == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("executeAction");

            _executeAction = executeAction;
            _canExecute = canExecute;
        }

        public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
        {
            add { if (_canExecute != null) CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
            remove { if (_canExecute != null) CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
        }

        public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
        {
            return _canExecute == null || _canExecute((T)parameter);
        }

        public void Execute(object parameter)
        {
            _executeAction((T)parameter);
        }
    }
}

public DelegateCommand<object> DoCopyAllLines { set; get; }

DoCopyAllLines = new DelegateCommand<object>(CopyAllLines, info => true);

private void CopyAllLines(object data)
{
   // ...
}