//Console.WriteLine("====Parent====");
//Parent parent = new Parent();
//parent.Print();

//Console.WriteLine("====Child====");
//Child child = new Child();
//child.Print();

Console.WriteLine("====Parent Via Child====");
Parent pc = new Child();
pc.Print();

        public static int ToInt(this string data)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data)) return 0;
            int result;
            return int.TryParse(data, out result) ? result : 0;
        }

FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(user.Id.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture), ...
// ...
FormsAuthentication.RedirectFromLoginPage(user.Id.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture), ...

Stack

این ساختمان داده، داخل Memory پیاده سازی شده است و تعدادی از متغیرهایی را که ما داخل کد ایجاد میکنیم، در این نوع ساختمان داده از Memory نگهداری میشوند.

شرط قرار گرفتن مقدار یک متغیر داخل Stack این است که متغیر از نوع Value Type باشد. در زبان #C، بطور کلی Struct و Enum‌ها Value Type هستند و بصورت پیشفرض داخل Stack قرار میگیرند. تمامی ValueType‌ها در #C، بطور implicit از System.ValueType ارث بری میکنند.

Type‌های زیر، Value Type‌های پیشفرض تعریف شده‌ی در زبان #C هستند که به آن‌ها Simple Type نیز گفته میشوند:

Heap

public static void SayHi()
{
    string name = "Moien";
}

.method private hidebysig static void SayHi() cil managed
{
  .locals init (string V_0)

  IL_0001:  ldstr      "Moien" // Stack is: [memory-address of string in heap]
  IL_0006:  stloc.0
  
  IL_0007:  ret
}

Boxing and Unboxing

public static void Boxing()
{
    const int number = 5;
    
    object boxedNumber = number;          // implicit boxing using implicit cast
    object boxedNumber = (object)number;  // explicit boxing using direct cast
}

.method public hidebysig static void Boxing() cil managed
{
  .locals init (object V_0)
  
  IL_0001:  ldc.i4.5                                // Stack is: [5]
  IL_0002:  box        [System.Runtime]System.Int32 // Stack is: [memory-address of 5 in heap]
  
  IL_0007:  stloc.0
  IL_0008:  ret
}

public static void Unboxing()
{
    object boxedNumber = 5;
    
    int number = (int)boxedNumber;
}

.method public hidebysig static void Unboxing() cil managed
{
  .locals init (object V_0, int32 V_1)
  
  IL_0001:  ldc.i4.5                                  // Stack is: [5]
  IL_0002:  box        [System.Runtime]System.Int32   // Stack is: [memory-address of 5 in heap]
  IL_0007:  stloc.0                                   // Stack is: []
                                                      
  IL_0008:  ldloc.0                                   // Stack is: [memory-address of 5 in heap]
  IL_0009:  unbox.any  [System.Runtime]System.Int32   // Stack is: [5]
  IL_000e:  stloc.1                                   // Stack is: []
  
  IL_000f:  ret
}

using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;

namespace CS11Tests;

public class StringSyntaxAttributeTests
{
    public static void Test()
    {
        RegexTest("");
        DateTest("");
    }

    private static void RegexTest([StringSyntax(StringSyntaxAttribute.Regex)] string regex)
    {
    }

    private static void DateTest([StringSyntax(StringSyntaxAttribute.DateTimeFormat)] string dateTime)
    {
    }
}

#if !NET7_0_OR_GREATER

namespace System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis
{
  /// <summary>Specifies the syntax used in a string.</summary>
  [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property | AttributeTargets.Field | AttributeTargets.Parameter, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = false)]
  public sealed class StringSyntaxAttribute : Attribute
  {
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing composite formats for string formatting.</summary>
    public const string CompositeFormat = "CompositeFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing date format specifiers.</summary>
    public const string DateOnlyFormat = "DateOnlyFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing date and time format specifiers.</summary>
    public const string DateTimeFormat = "DateTimeFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing <see cref="T:System.Enum" /> format specifiers.</summary>
    public const string EnumFormat = "EnumFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing <see cref="T:System.Guid" /> format specifiers.</summary>
    public const string GuidFormat = "GuidFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing JavaScript Object Notation (JSON).</summary>
    public const string Json = "Json";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing numeric format specifiers.</summary>
    public const string NumericFormat = "NumericFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing regular expressions.</summary>
    public const string Regex = "Regex";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing time format specifiers.</summary>
    public const string TimeOnlyFormat = "TimeOnlyFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing <see cref="T:System.TimeSpan" /> format specifiers.</summary>
    public const string TimeSpanFormat = "TimeSpanFormat";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing URIs.</summary>
    public const string Uri = "Uri";
    /// <summary>The syntax identifier for strings containing XML.</summary>
    public const string Xml = "Xml";

    /// <summary>Initializes the <see cref="T:System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.StringSyntaxAttribute" /> with the identifier of the syntax used.</summary>
    /// <param name="syntax">The syntax identifier.</param>
    public StringSyntaxAttribute(string syntax)
    {
      this.Syntax = syntax;
      this.Arguments = Array.Empty<object>();
    }

    /// <summary>Initializes the <see cref="T:System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.StringSyntaxAttribute" /> with the identifier of the syntax used.</summary>
    /// <param name="syntax">The syntax identifier.</param>
    /// <param name="arguments">Optional arguments associated with the specific syntax employed.</param>
    public StringSyntaxAttribute(string syntax, params object?[] arguments)
    {
      this.Syntax = syntax;
      this.Arguments = arguments;
    }

    /// <summary>Gets the identifier of the syntax used.</summary>
    public string Syntax { get; }

    /// <summary>Gets the optional arguments associated with the specific syntax employed.</summary>
    public object?[] Arguments { get; }
  }
}

#endif

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Media;
using CrMap.Models;

namespace CrMap.ViewModels
{
    public class CrMapViewModel
    {
        public IList<Symbol> Symbols { set; get; }
        public int GridRows { set; get; }
        public int GridCols { set; get; }

        public CrMapViewModel()
        {
            fillDataSource();
        }

        private void fillDataSource()
        {
            Symbols = new List<Symbol>();
            GridCols = 15;

            var fontFamily = new FontFamily(new Uri("pack://application:,,,/"), "/Fonts/#whhglyphs");

            GlyphTypeface glyph = null;
            Typeface glyphTypeface = null;
            foreach (var typeface in fontFamily.GetTypefaces())
            {
                if (typeface.TryGetGlyphTypeface(out glyph) && (glyph != null))
                {
                    glyphTypeface = typeface;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (glyph == null)
                throw new InvalidOperationException("Couldn't find a GlyphTypeface.");

            GridRows = (glyph.CharacterToGlyphMap.Count / GridCols) + 1;

            foreach (var item in glyph.CharacterToGlyphMap)
            {
                var index = item.Key;
                Symbols.Add(new Symbol
                {
                    Character = Convert.ToChar(index),
                    CharacterCode = string.Format("&#x{0:X}", index)
                });

                saveToFile(glyphTypeface, index);
            }
        }

        private static void saveToFile(Typeface glyphTypeface, int index)
        {
            var formattedText = new FormattedText(
                                        textToFormat: Convert.ToChar(index).ToString(),
                                        culture: new CultureInfo("en-us"),
                                        flowDirection: FlowDirection.LeftToRight,
                                        typeface: glyphTypeface,
                                        emSize: 20,
                                        foreground: Brushes.Black);
            var geometry = formattedText.BuildGeometry(new Point(0, 0));
            var path = geometry.GetFlattenedPathGeometry();
            File.WriteAllText(index + ".path", path.ToString());
        }
    }
}

 F1M5,7.47150993347168L5,17.2566661834717 5.732421875,19.0242443084717 7.5,19.7566661834717
12.5,19.7566661834717 13.69140625,19.4441661834717 5,7.47150993347168z
M7.5,4.75666618347168L6.30859375,5.06916618347168 15,17.0418224334717
15,7.25666618347168 14.267578125,5.48908805847168 12.5,4.75666618347168
7.5,4.75666618347168z M7.5,2.25666618347168L12.5,2.25666618347168
14.4189453125,2.62287712097168 16.03515625,3.72150993347168 17.1337890625,5.33772134780884
17.5,7.25666618347168 17.5,17.2566661834717 17.1337890625,19.1756114959717
16.03515625,20.7918224334717 14.4189453125,21.8904552459717 12.5,22.2566661834717
7.5,22.2566661834717 5.5810546875,21.8904552459717 3.96484375,20.7918224334717
2.8662109375,19.1756114959717 2.5,17.2566661834717 2.5,7.25666618347168 2.8662109375,5.33772134780884
3.96484375,3.72150993347168 5.5810546875,2.62287712097168 7.5,2.25666618347168z

<Path Stroke="DarkRed" Fill="Black" Data="F1M5,7.47150993347168L5,17.2566661834717
              5.732421875,19.0242443084717 7.5,19.7566661834717 12.5,19.7566661834717 13.69140625,19.4441661834717 
              5,7.47150993347168z M7.5,4.75666618347168L6.30859375,5.06916618347168 15,17.0418224334717 
              15,7.25666618347168 14.267578125,5.48908805847168 12.5,4.75666618347168 7.5,4.75666618347168z 
              M7.5,2.25666618347168L12.5,2.25666618347168 14.4189453125,2.62287712097168 
              16.03515625,3.72150993347168 17.1337890625,5.33772134780884 17.5,7.25666618347168 
              17.5,17.2566661834717 17.1337890625,19.1756114959717 16.03515625,20.7918224334717 
              14.4189453125,21.8904552459717 12.5,22.2566661834717 7.5,22.2566661834717 
              5.5810546875,21.8904552459717 3.96484375,20.7918224334717 2.8662109375,19.1756114959717 
              2.5,17.2566661834717 2.5,7.25666618347168 2.8662109375,5.33772134780884 
              3.96484375,3.72150993347168 
              5.5810546875,2.62287712097168 7.5,2.25666618347168z" />

 <ListBox Grid.Row="3" Name="MyListBox" Grid.Column="1" Margin="10"  Height="80" >
               <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                    <DataTemplate>
                        <WrapPanel>
                            <Image Width="24" Height="24" Source="{Binding Flag}"></Image>
                            <TextBlock Padding="5 5 0 0" Text="{Binding Name}"></TextBlock>
                        </WrapPanel>
                    </DataTemplate>
               </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
            </ListBox>

   public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            person = Person.GetPerson();
            DataContext = person;

            //خط جدید
            MyListBox.ItemsSource = new Country().GetCountries();
        }

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            person = Person.GetPerson();
            DataContext = person;

            //خط جدید
            MyListBox.DataContext = new Country().GetCountries();
            MyListBox.SetBinding(ItemsControl.ItemsSourceProperty, new Binding());
        }

پی نوشت : روش‌های دیگر بایند کردن همچون استفاده از منابع یا ریسورس‌ها یا استفاده از ViewModel‌ها هم هستند که در آینده در مورد آن‌ها بیشتر صحبت خواهیم کرد.

 public int Country { get; set; }
 public Country Country { get; set; }

<ListBox Grid.Row="3" Name="MyListBox" Grid.Column="1" Margin="10"  Height="80" SelectedValuePath="Id" SelectedValue="{Binding Country}"  >               
<ListBox Grid.Row="3" Name="MyListBox" Grid.Column="1" Margin="10"  Height="80" SelectedValuePath="Id" SelectedValue="{Binding Country.Id}"  >

<html>
   <head>
       <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
   </body>
</html>

var checkedValue;
var elements = document.getElementByTagName ('input');
for (var n = 0; n < elements.length; n++) {
       if (elements[n].type == 'radio' && elements[n].name == 'myRadioGroup' && elements[n].checked) {
               checkedValue = elements[n].value;
       }
}

var checkedValue = $ ('[name="myRadioGroup"]:checked').val();

<button type="button" onclick="document.getElementById('xyz').style.color='red';">
        Click Me
</button>

مجموعه عناصر در جی کوئری:

زمانی که CSS به عنوان یک تکنولوژی به منظور جداسازی طراحی از ساختار به دنیای صفحه‌های اینترنتی معرفی شد، می‌بایست راهی برای اشاره به اجزای صفحات از طرف فایل CSS نیز معرفی می‌شد. این امر از طریق انتخاب‌کننده‌ها (Selector) صورت پذیرفت.

برای مثال انتخاب‌کننده زیر، به تمام عناصر <a> اشاره دارد که در یک عنصر <p> قرار گرفته‌اند:

p a

$(Selector)
یا
jQuery(Selector)

$("p a")

$("div.notLongForThisWorld").fadeOut();

$("div.notLongForThisWorld").fadeOut().addClass("removed");

$('p:even')

$("tr:nth-child(1)");

$("body > div");

$("a[href$=pdf]");

$("body > div:has(a)")

ادامه مطالب در پست‌های بعدی تشریح خواهد شد.