return View("~/Views/....مسیر کامل فایل", model);

using System;

namespace TestUsing
{
    public class MyResource : IDisposable
    {
        public void DoWork()
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("A");
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("B");
        }
    }

    public static class TestClass
    {
        public static void Test()
        {
            using (MyResource r = new MyResource())
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("C");
                r.DoWork();
            }
        }
    }
}

try
{
     TestClass.Test();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}

using (var pdfDoc = new Document(PageSize.A4))  
{  
   //todo: ...
}

using System;

namespace Guard
{
    public static class SafeUsing
    {
        public static void SafeUsingBlock<TDisposable>(this TDisposable disposable, Action<TDisposable> action)
            where TDisposable : IDisposable
        {
            disposable.SafeUsingBlock(action, d => d);
        }

        internal static void SafeUsingBlock<TDisposable, T>(this TDisposable disposable, Action<T> action, Func<TDisposable, T> unwrapper)
            where TDisposable : IDisposable
        {
            try
            {
                action(unwrapper(disposable));
            }
            catch (Exception actionException)
            {
                try
                {
                    disposable.Dispose();
                }
                catch (Exception disposeException)
                {
                    throw new AggregateException(actionException, disposeException);
                }

                throw;
            }

            disposable.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

new Document(PageSize.A4).SafeUsingBlock(pdfDoc =>
{
  //todo: ...
});

System.Diagnostics.StackTrace myTrack = new System.Diagnostics.StackTrace();

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Stack Trace: {0}", Environment.StackTrace);
}

Stack Trace:at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
 at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 9

static void Main(string[] args)
{
  try
  {
     throw new Exception();
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
     Console.WriteLine("Stack Trace: {0}", Environment.StackTrace);
  }
}

Stack Trace:at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
 at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 11

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            FirstExceptionMethod firstException = new FirstExceptionMethod();
            try
            {
                firstException.Method1();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
            }
        }
    }
    class FirstExceptionMethod
    {
        public void Method1()
        {
            try
            {
                SecondExceptionMethod secondException = new SecondExceptionMethod();
                secondException.Method2();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
    }
    class SecondExceptionMethod
    {
        public void Method2()
        {
            try
            {
                ThrowExMethod();

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
        public void ThrowExMethod()
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }
    }  

at DiffThrowAndThrowException.SecondExceptionMethod.ThrowExMethod() in Program.cs:line 51
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.SecondExceptionMethod.Method2() in Program.cs:line 41
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.FirstExceptionMethod.Method1() in Program.cs:line 27
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 12  

public void Method1()
        {
            try
            {
                SecondExceptionMethod secondException = new SecondExceptionMethod();
                secondException.Method2();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception("Some Text ...");
            }
        }

   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.FirstExceptionMethod.Method1() in Program.cs:line 31
   at DiffThrowAndThrowException.Program.Main(String[] args) in Program.cs:line 12

catch(Exception ex)
{
  Console.WriteLine(ex);

System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException (0x80210015): 
Exception from HRESULT: 0x80210015 at WIA.CommonDialogClass.ShowAcquireImage

public class ProductViewModel
{
    Public int ProductId {get; set;}
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Rrp { get; set; }
    public string SellingPrice { get; set; }
    public string Discount { get; set; }
    public string Savings { get; set; }
}

using SoCPatterns.Layered.Model;

namespace SoCPatterns.Layered.Service
{
    public class ProductListRequest
    {
        public CustomerType CustomerType { get; set; }
    }
}

public class ProductListResponse
{
    public bool Success { get; set; }
    public string Message { get; set; }
    public IList<ProductViewModel> Products { get; set; }
}

public static class ProductMapperExtensionMethods
{
    public static ProductViewModel ConvertToProductViewModel(this Model.Product product)
    {
        ProductViewModel productViewModel = new ProductViewModel();
        productViewModel.ProductId = product.Id;
        productViewModel.Name = product.Name;
        productViewModel.RRP = String.Format(“{0:C}”, product.Price.RRP);
        productViewModel.SellingPrice = String.Format(“{0:C}”, product.Price.SellingPrice);
        if (product.Price.Discount > 0)
            productViewModel.Discount = String.Format(“{0:C}”, product.Price.Discount);
        if (product.Price.Savings < 1 && product.Price.Savings > 0)
            productViewModel.Savings = product.Price.Savings.ToString(“#%”);
        return productViewModel;
    }
    public static IList<ProductViewModel> ConvertToProductListViewModel(
        this IList<Model.Product> products)
    {
        IList<ProductViewModel> productViewModels = new List<ProductViewModel>();
        foreach(Model.Product p in products)
        {
            productViewModels.Add(p.ConvertToProductViewModel());
        }
        return productViewModels;
    }
}

public class ProductService
{
    private Model.ProductService _productService;
    public ProductService(Model.ProductService ProductService)
    {
        _productService = ProductService;
    }
    public ProductListResponse GetAllProductsFor(
        ProductListRequest productListRequest)
    {
        ProductListResponse productListResponse = new ProductListResponse();
        try
        {
            IList<Model.Product> productEntities =
                _productService.GetAllProductsFor(productListRequest.CustomerType);
            productListResponse.Products = productEntities.ConvertToProductListViewModel();
            productListResponse.Success = true;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            // Log the exception…
            productListResponse.Success = false;
            // Return a friendly error message
            productListResponse.Message = ex.Message;
        }
        return productListResponse;
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using SoCPatterns.Layered.Model;

namespace SoCPatterns.Layered.Repository
{
    public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository
    {
        public IList<Model.Product> FindAll()
        {
            var products = from p in new ShopDataContext().Products
                                select new Model.Product
                                {
                                    Id = p.ProductId,
                                    Name = p.ProductName,
                                    Price = new Model.Price(p.Rrp, p.SellingPrice)
                                };
            return products.ToList();
        }
    }
}

using SoCPatterns.Layered.Service;

public interface IProductListView
{
    void Display(IList<ProductViewModel> Products);
    Model.CustomerType CustomerType { get; }
    string ErrorMessage { set; }
}

using SoCPatterns.Layered.Service;

namespace SoCPatterns.Layered.Presentation
{
    public class ProductListPresenter
    {
        private IProductListView _productListView;
        private Service.ProductService _productService;
        public ProductListPresenter(IProductListView ProductListView,
            Service.ProductService ProductService)
        {
            _productService = ProductService;
            _productListView = ProductListView;
        }
        public void Display()
        {
            ProductListRequest productListRequest = new ProductListRequest();
            productListRequest.CustomerType = _productListView.CustomerType;
            ProductListResponse productResponse =
                _productService.GetAllProductsFor(productListRequest);
            if (productResponse.Success)
            {
                _productListView.Display(productResponse.Products);
            }
            else
            {
                _productListView.ErrorMessage = productResponse.Message;
            }
        }
    }
}

  handleDelete = async post => {
    const posts = this.state.posts.filter(item => item.id !== post.id);
    this.setState({ posts });

    await axios.delete(`${apiEndpoint}/${post.id}`);
  };

  handleDelete = async post => {
    const originalPosts = this.state.posts;

    const posts = this.state.posts.filter(item => item.id !== post.id);
    this.setState({ posts }); // Optimistic Update

    try {
      await axios.delete(`${apiEndpoint}/${post.id}`);
    } catch (ex) {
      alert("An error occurred when deleting a post!");
      this.setState({ posts: originalPosts }); // Undo changes
    }
  };

try {
  await axios.delete(`${apiEndpoint}/${post.id}`);
} catch (ex) {
  if (ex.response && ex.response.status === 404) {
     alert("This post has already been deleted!");
  } else {
     console.log("Error", ex);
     alert("An unexpected error occurred when deleting a post!");
  }

  this.setState({ posts: originalPosts }); // Undo changes
}

import "./App.css";

import axios from "axios";
import React, { Component } from "react";

axios.interceptors.response.use(null, error => {
  console.log("interceptor called.");
  return Promise.reject(error);
});

const apiEndpoint = "https://localhost:5001/api/posts";
class App extends Component {

axios.interceptors.response.use(null, error => {
  const expectedError =
    error.response &&
    error.response.status >= 400 &&
    error.response.status < 500;

  if (!expectedError) {
    console.log("Error", error);
    alert("An unexpected error occurred when deleting a post!");
  }

  return Promise.reject(error);
});

import axios from "axios";

axios.interceptors.response.use(null, error => {
  const expectedError =
    error.response &&
    error.response.status >= 400 &&
    error.response.status < 500;

  if (!expectedError) {
    console.log("Error", error);
    alert("An unexpected error occurred when deleting a post!");
  }

  return Promise.reject(error);
});

export default {
  get: axios.get,
  post: axios.post,
  put: axios.put,
  delete: axios.delete
};

import http from "./services/httpService";

{
   "apiEndpoint" : "https://localhost:5001/api/posts"
}

import config from "./config.json";

> npm i react-toastify --save

import { ToastContainer } from "react-toastify";
import "react-toastify/dist/ReactToastify.css";

  render() {
    return (
      <React.Fragment>
        <ToastContainer />

import { toast } from "react-toastify";
// ...

axios.interceptors.response.use(null, error => {
  // ...
  if (!expectedError) {
    // ...
    toast.error("An unexpected error occurrred.");
  }