public class AuthorModule : IModule
{
    public IEndpointRouteBuilder RegisterEndpoints(IEndpointRouteBuilder endpoints)
    {
        endpoints.MapGet("/api/authors",
            async (IMediator mediator, CancellationToken ct) => await GetAllAuthorsAsync(mediator, ct));

        endpoints.MapPost("/api/authors",
            async (IMediator mediator, AuthorDto authorDto, CancellationToken ct) =>
                await CreateAuthorAsync(authorDto, mediator, ct));

        return endpoints;
    }

    private static async Task<IResult> CreateAuthorAsync(AuthorDto authorDto, IMediator mediator, CancellationToken ct)
    {
        var command = new CreateAuthorCommand { AuthorDto = authorDto };
        var author = await mediator.Send(command, ct);
        return Results.Ok(author);
    }

    private static async Task<IResult> GetAllAuthorsAsync(IMediator mediator, CancellationToken ct)
    {
        var request = new GetAllAuthorsQuery();
        var authors = await mediator.Send(request, ct);
        return Results.Ok(authors);
    }
}

Challenge, Forbid, SignIn, SignOut, Content, Text,
Json, File, Bytes, Stream, Redirect, LocalRedirect, StatusCode
NotFound, Unauthorized, BadRequest, Conflict, NoContent, Ok
UnprocessableEntity, Problem, ValidationProblem, Created
CreatedAtRoute, Accepted, AcceptedAtRoute

try
{
    return Results.Ok(await data.GetUsers());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{

    return Results.Problem(ex.Message);
}

endpoints.MapGet("/api/authors",
async (IMediator mediator, CancellationToken ct) => await GetAllAuthorsAsync(mediator, ct));

endpoints.MapGet("/api/authors", GetAllAuthorsAsync);
endpoints.MapPost("/api/authors", CreateAuthorAsync);

public static class ServiceCollectionExtensions
{
    public static IServiceCollection AddApplicationServices(this IServiceCollection services,
        WebApplicationBuilder builder)
    {
        builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
        builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();

        // ...

public class AuthorModule : IModule
{
    public IEndpointRouteBuilder RegisterEndpoints(IEndpointRouteBuilder endpoints)
    {
        endpoints.MapGet("/api/authors",
                async (IMediator mediator, CancellationToken ct) => await GetAllAuthorsAsync(mediator, ct))
            .WithName("GetAllAuthors")
            .WithDisplayName("Authors")
            .WithTags("Authors")
            .Produces(500);

        endpoints.MapPost("/api/authors",
                async (IMediator mediator, AuthorDto authorDto, CancellationToken ct) =>
                    await CreateAuthorAsync(authorDto, mediator, ct))
            .WithName("CreateAuthor")
            .WithDisplayName("Authors")
            .WithTags("Authors")
            .Produces(500);

        return endpoints;
    }

builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen(options =>
{
   options.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = builder.Environment.ApplicationName, Version = "v1" });
   options.TagActionsBy(ta => new List<string> { ta.ActionDescriptor.DisplayName! });
});

namespace MinimalBlog.Api.Features.Authors;

public record AuthorGetDto
{
    public int Id { get; init; }
    public string Name { get; init; } = default!;
    public string? Bio { get; init; }
    public DateTime DateOfBirth { get; init; }
}

public class AuthorProfile : Profile
{
    public AuthorProfile()
    {
        CreateMap<AuthorDto, Author>().ReverseMap();
        CreateMap<Author, AuthorGetDto>()
            .ForMember(dest => dest.Name, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => src.FullName));
    }
}

public class CreateAuthorCommand : IRequest<AuthorGetDto>

public class CreateAuthorCommandHandler : IRequestHandler<CreateAuthorCommand, AuthorGetDto>

public async Task<AuthorGetDto> Handle(CreateAuthorCommand request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)

return _mapper.Map<AuthorGetDto>(toAdd);

public class GetAllAuthorsQuery : IRequest<List<AuthorGetDto>>

public class GetAllAuthorsHandler : IRequestHandler<GetAllAuthorsQuery, List<AuthorGetDto>>
{
    private readonly MinimalBlogDbContext _context;
    private readonly IMapper _mapper;

    public GetAllAuthorsHandler(MinimalBlogDbContext context, IMapper mapper)
    {
        _context = context ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(context));
        _mapper = mapper ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(mapper));
    }

    public async Task<List<AuthorGetDto>> Handle(GetAllAuthorsQuery request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var authors = await _context.Authors.ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
        return _mapper.Map<List<AuthorGetDto>>(authors);
    }
}

endpoints.MapGet("/api/authors",
                async (IMediator mediator, CancellationToken ct) => await GetAllAuthorsAsync(mediator, ct))
            .WithName("GetAllAuthors")
            .WithDisplayName("Authors")
            .WithTags("Authors")
            .Produces<List<AuthorGetDto>>()
            .Produces(500);

endpoints.MapPost("/api/authors",
                async (IMediator mediator, AuthorDto authorDto, CancellationToken ct) =>
                    await CreateAuthorAsync(authorDto, mediator, ct))
            .WithName("CreateAuthor")
            .WithDisplayName("Authors")
            .WithTags("Authors")
            .Produces<AuthorGetDto>()
            .Produces(500);

        public static bool IsValidEmail(string to)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(to))
                return false;

            try
            {
                var toEmail = new MailAddress(to);
                return toEmail != null;
            }
            catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Configuration; 


public class FtpHelper
{
public FtpHelper()
{
       //Default Value Set From Application 
         _hostname = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.GetValues("FtpAddress")[0]; 
        _username = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.GetValues("FtpUser")[0]; 
        _password = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.GetValues("FtpPass")[0];  
}
    
    #region "Properties"
    private string _hostname;
    /// <summary>
    /// Hostname
    /// </summary>
    /// <value></value>
    /// <remarks>Hostname can be in either the full URL format
    /// ftp://ftp.myhost.com or just ftp.myhost.com
    /// </remarks>
    public string Hostname
    {
        get
        {
            if (_hostname.StartsWith("ftp://"))
            {
                return _hostname;
            }
            else
            {
                return "ftp://" + _hostname;
            }
        }
        set
        {
            _hostname = value;
        }
    }
    private string _username;
    /// <summary>
    /// Username property
    /// </summary>
    /// <value></value>
    /// <remarks>Can be left blank, in which case 'anonymous' is returned</remarks>
    public string Username
    {
        get
        {
            return (_username == "" ? "anonymous" : _username);
        }
        set
        {
            _username = value;
        }
    }
    private string _password;
    public string Password
    {
        get
        {
            return _password;
        }
        set
        {
            _password = value;
        }
    }


    #endregion
}

using System.Net;
using System.IO;
 

public static bool Upload(string fileUrl)
        {
            if (File.Exists(fileUrl))
            {
                FtpHelper ftpClient = new FtpHelper();
                string ftpUrl = ftpClient.Hostname + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(fileUrl);


                FtpWebRequest ftp = (FtpWebRequest)FtpWebRequest.Create(ftpUrl);
                ftp.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(ftpClient.Username, ftpClient.Password);

                ftp.KeepAlive = true;
                ftp.UseBinary = true;
                ftp.Timeout = 3600000;
                ftp.KeepAlive = true;
                ftp.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile;

                const int bufferLength = 102400;
                byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLength];
                int readBytes = 0;

                //open file for reading
                using (FileStream fs = File.OpenRead(fileUrl))
                {
                    try
                    {
                        //open request to send
                        using (Stream rs = ftp.GetRequestStream())
                        {
                            do
                            {
                                readBytes = fs.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLength);
                                fs.Write(buffer, 0, readBytes);
                            } while (!(readBytes < bufferLength));
                            rs.Close();
                        }

                    }
                    catch (Exception)
                    {
                     //Optional Alert for Exeption To Application Layer
                       //throw (new ApplicationException("بارگذاری فایل با خطا  رو به رو شد"));
 
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        //ensure file closed
                        //fs.Close();
                    }

                }

                ftp = null;
                return true;
            }
            return false;



        }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;

namespace Sample
{
    public abstract class BaseEntity
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
    }

    public class Receipt : BaseEntity
    {
        public int TotalPrice { set; get; }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Receipt> Receipts { get; set; }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            if (!context.Receipts.Any())
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
                {
                    context.Receipts.Add(new Receipt { TotalPrice = i });
                }
            }
            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }

    public static class EFUtils
    {
        public static IList<T> LoadEntities<T>(this DbContext ctx, Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate) where T : class
        {
            return ctx.Set<T>().Where(predicate).ToList();
        }

        public static IList<T> LoadData<T>(this DbContext ctx, Func<T, bool> predicate) where T : class
        {
            return ctx.Set<T>().Where(predicate).ToList();
        }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void RunTests()
        {
            startDB();

            using (var context = new MyContext())
            {
                var list1 = context.LoadEntities<Receipt>(x => x.TotalPrice == 10);
                var list2 = context.LoadData<Receipt>(x => x.TotalPrice == 20);
            }
        }

        private static void startDB()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());
            // Forces initialization of database on model changes.
            using (var context = new MyContext())
            {
                context.Database.Initialize(force: true);
            }
        }
    }
}

 SELECT
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[TotalPrice] AS [TotalPrice]
FROM [dbo].[Receipts] AS [Extent1]
WHERE 10 = [Extent1].[TotalPrice]

 SELECT
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[TotalPrice] AS [TotalPrice]
FROM [dbo].[Receipts] AS [Extent1]

 public static IQueryable<TSource> Where<TSource>(this IQueryable<TSource> source, Expression<Func<TSource, bool>> predicate);
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate);

• قبلا «مؤلفه 2» ارجاعی را به «مؤلفه 1» داده است؛ لذا امکان ارجاع معکوس را در این حالت، نداریم.
  
• «مؤلفه 1» باید بتواند مستقل از «مؤلفه 2» نیز توزیع شده و کار کند؛ لذا این نیاز برای زمانی است که «مؤلفه 2» برای توزیع در Component Model ما وجود داشته باشد.
  
• نمی‌خواهیم در آینده برای نیازهای مشابه در همان صفحه‌ی X، تغییر جدیدی را در «مؤلفه 1» داشته باشیم (اضافه کردن خصوصیت مورد نظر به مدل نمایشی یا اصطلاحا ویو-مدل متناظر با گرید در در زمان طراحی، جواب مساله نمی‌باشد)
• می‌‌خواهیم به یک طراحی با Loose Coupling (اتصال سست و ضعیف، وابستگی ضعیف) دست پیدا کنیم.

public interface IConvention
{
}

public interface IExtraColumnConvention<T> : IConvention
{
   string Name { get; }
 
   string Title { get; }
 
   void Populate(IEnumerable<T> list);
}

• استفاده از API Reflection موجود در فضای نام System.Reflection 
  
• کلاس TypeDescriptor 

/// <summary>
/// Use this provider when you need access ExtraProperties with TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(instance)
/// </summary>
public class ExtraPropertyTypeDescriptionProvider<T> : TypeDescriptionProvider where T : class
{
    private static readonly TypeDescriptionProvider Default =
        TypeDescriptor.GetProvider(typeof(T));

    public ExtraPropertyTypeDescriptionProvider() : base(Default)
    {
    }

    public override ICustomTypeDescriptor GetTypeDescriptor(Type instanceType, object instance)
    {
        var descriptor = base.GetTypeDescriptor(instanceType, instance);
        return instance == null ? descriptor : new ExtraPropertyCustomTypeDescriptor(descriptor, instance);
    }

    private sealed class ExtraPropertyCustomTypeDescriptor : CustomTypeDescriptor
    {
      //...
    }
}

public class Column4Convention : IExtraColumnConvention<Product>
{
   public string Name => "Column4";
 
   public string Title => "Column 4"
 
   public void Populate(IEnumerable<Product> list)
   {
      //TODO: forEach on list and set ExtraProperty
      // item.ExtraProperty(Name,value)
      // item.ExtraProperty(Name,(obj)=> value)
      // item.ExtraProperty(Name,(obj)=> value, (obj,value)=>)
   }
}

public class Column2Convention : IExtraColumnConvention<Product>
{
   public string Name => "Column2";
 
   public string Title => "Column 2"
 
   public void Populate(IEnumerable<Product> list)
   {
      //TODO: forEach on list and set ExtraProperty
   }
}

public class Column3Convention : IExtraColumnConvention<Product>
{
   public string Name => "Column3";
 
   public string Title => "Column 3"
 
   public void Populate(IEnumerable<Product> list)
   {
      //TODO: forEach on list and set ExtraProperty
   }
}

var products = _productService.PagedList(page:1, pageSize:10);
var columns = _provider.GetServices<IExtraColumnConvention<Product>>();
foreach(var column in columns)
{
  column.Populate(products);
}

namespace BlazorStateManagement.Stores
{
    public interface IAction
    {
        public string Name { get; }
    }
}

namespace BlazorStateManagement.Stores.CounterStore
{
    public class IncrementAction : IAction
    {
        public const string Increment = nameof(Increment);

        public string Name { get; } = Increment;
    }

    public class DecrementAction : IAction
    {
        public const string Decrement = nameof(Decrement);

        public string Name { get; } = Decrement;
    }
}

using System;

namespace BlazorStateManagement.Stores
{
    public interface IActionDispatcher
    {
        void Dispatch(IAction action);
        void Subscribe(Action<IAction> actionHandler);
        void Unsubscribe(Action<IAction> actionHandler);
    }

    public class ActionDispatcher : IActionDispatcher
    {
        private Action<IAction> _actionHandlers;

        public void Subscribe(Action<IAction> actionHandler) => _actionHandlers += actionHandler;

        public void Unsubscribe(Action<IAction> actionHandler) => _actionHandlers -= actionHandler;

        public void Dispatch(IAction action) => _actionHandlers?.Invoke(action);
    }
}

namespace BlazorStateManagement.Client
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            var builder = WebAssemblyHostBuilder.CreateDefault(args);
            // ...
            builder.Services.AddScoped<IActionDispatcher, ActionDispatcher>();
            // ...
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace BlazorStateManagement.Stores.CounterStore
{
    public interface ICounterStore : IDisposable
    {
        CounterState State { get; }

        void AddStateChangeListener(Action listener);
        void BroadcastStateChange();
        void RemoveStateChangeListener(Action listener);
    }
}

using System;

namespace BlazorStateManagement.Stores.CounterStore
{
    public class CounterStore : ICounterStore
    {
        private readonly CounterState _state = new();
        private bool _isDisposed;
        private Action _listeners;
        private readonly IActionDispatcher _actionDispatcher;

        public CounterStore(IActionDispatcher actionDispatcher)
        {
            _actionDispatcher = actionDispatcher ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(actionDispatcher));
            _actionDispatcher.Subscribe(HandleActions);
        }

        private void HandleActions(IAction action)
        {
            switch (action)
            {
                case IncrementAction:
                    IncrementCount();
                    break;
                case DecrementAction:
                    DecrementCount();
                    break;
            }
        }

        public CounterState State => _state;

        private void IncrementCount()
        {
            _state.Count++;
            BroadcastStateChange();
        }

        private void DecrementCount()
        {
            _state.Count--;
            BroadcastStateChange();
        }

        public void AddStateChangeListener(Action listener) => _listeners += listener;

        public void RemoveStateChangeListener(Action listener) => _listeners -= listener;

        public void BroadcastStateChange() => _listeners.Invoke();

        public void Dispose()
        {
            Dispose(disposing: true);
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }

        protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (!_isDisposed)
            {
                try
                {
                    if (disposing)
                    {
                        _actionDispatcher.Unsubscribe(HandleActions);
                    }
                }
                finally
                {
                    _isDisposed = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

        private void HandleActions(IAction action)
        {
            switch (action)
            {
                case IncrementAction:
                    IncrementCount();
                    break;
                case DecrementAction:
                    DecrementCount();
                    break;
            }
        }

@inject ICounterStore CounterStore

@code {

    private void IncrementCount()
    {
        CounterStore.IncrementCount();
    }

@using BlazorStateManagement.Stores

// ...
@inject IActionDispatcher ActionDispatcher


@code {

    private void IncrementCount()
    {
        ActionDispatcher.Dispatch(new IncrementAction());
    }