public class Person
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string FirstName { get; set; }       

        public string LastName { get; set; }

    }

  public class PersonDTO
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Name { get; set; }

        public string Family { get; set; }

public string FullName { get; set; }

        public string Email { get; set; }
    }

 Mapper.CreateMap<Person, PersonDTO>().ForMember(des => des.Name, op => op.MapFrom(src => src.FirstName)).
                ForMember(des => des.FullName, op => op.MapFrom(src => src.FirstName + " " + src.LastName)).ForMember(
                    des => des.Email, op => op.Ignore());

AutoMapper.IMappingExpression<TSource,TDestination>.ForMember(System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<System.Func<TDestination,object>>, System.Action<AutoMapper.IMemberConfigurationExpression<TSource>>)

Mapper.AssertConfigurationIsValid();

var person = new Person
                {
                    Id = 1,
                    FirstName = "Mohammad",
                    LastName = "Saheb",
                    
                };
var personDTO = Mapper.Map<Person, PersonDTO>(person);

IEnumerable, IEnumerable<T>, ICollection, ICollection<T>, IList, IList<T>, List<T>.

var persons = new[]
                {
                    new Person { Id = 1, FirstName = "Mohammad", LastName = "Saheb" },
                    new Person { Id = 2, FirstName = "Babak", LastName = "Saheb" }
                };

var personDTOs = Mapper.Map<Person[], List<PersonDTO>>(persons);

public class Address
    {
        public string Ad1 { get; set; }
        public string Ad2 { get; set; }
    }


public class AddressDTO
    {
        public string Ad1 { get; set; }
        public string Ad2 { get; set; }
    }

Mapper.CreateMap<Address, AddressDTO>();

using System;

namespace CS9Features
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
        }
    }
}

using System;

Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

await MyMethodAsync();
Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");

static async Task MyMethodAsync()
{
   await Task.Yield();
}

using System;

Console.WriteLine(args[0]);

using System;
Console.WriteLine($"Hello world!");
return 1;

using System;

var greeter = new Greeter();

var helloTeacher = greeter.Greet("teacher");
var helloStudents = SayHello("students");

Console.WriteLine(helloTeacher);
Console.WriteLine(helloStudents);

static string SayHello(string name)
{
    return "Hello, " + name;
}

public class Greeter
{
    public string Greet(string name)
    {
        return "Hello, " + name;
    }
}

Top-level statements must precede namespace and type declarations. [CS9Features]csharp(CS8803)

using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

[CompilerGenerated]
internal static class <Program>$
{
  private static void <Main>$(string[] args)
  {
   Greeter greeter = new Greeter();
   string helloTeacher = greeter.Greet("teacher");
   string helloStudents = SayHello("students");
   Console.WriteLine(helloTeacher);
   Console.WriteLine(helloStudents);

   static string SayHello(string name)
   {
    return "Hello, " + name;
   }
  }
}

using System;

Foo();

var x = 3;

int result = AddToX(4);
Console.WriteLine(result);

static void Foo()
{
    Console.WriteLine("Foo");
}

int AddToX(int y)
{
    return x + y;
}

using AufacDI.DomainClasses;
using AufacDI.ViewModel;
using AutoMapper;

namespace AufacDI.MapperProfile
{
    public class CategoryProfile : Profile
    {
        public CategoryProfile()
        {
            CreateMap<Category, CategoryViewModel>();
            CreateMap<CategoryViewModel, Category>();
        }
    }
}

using AufacDI.MapperProfile;
using Autofac;
using AutoMapper;
using System;
using System.Linq;

namespace AufacDI.IocConfig
{
    public static class IoCContainer
    {
       public static void Register(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {
            // شناسایی پروفایل‌ها براساس نمونه از کلاس پر.وفایل 
            var profiles = from types in typeof(CategoryProfile).Assembly.GetTypes()
                           where typeof(Profile).IsAssignableFrom(types)
                           select (Profile)Activator.CreateInstance(types);

            // رجیستر کردن کلاس‌های پروفایل در اتومپر
            builder.Register(ctx => new MapperConfiguration(cfg =>
            {
                foreach (var profile in profiles)
                    cfg.AddProfile(profile);
            })).SingleInstance().AutoActivate().AsSelf();

            // رجیستر کردن کلاس  MapperConfiguration و ایجاد آن براساس IMapper
            builder.Register(ctx => ctx.Resolve<MapperConfiguration>().CreateMapper()).As<IMapper>().InstancePerRequest();
        }
    }
}

[Route("api/[controller]")] // http://localhost:7742/api/test
public class TestController : Controller
{
    private readonly ILogger<TestController> _logger;
 
    public TestController(ILogger<TestController> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }

[Route("api/[controller]")] // http://localhost:7742/api/test
public class TestController : Controller
{
    private readonly ILogger<TestController> _logger;
 
    public TestController(ILogger<TestController> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }
 
    [HttpGet]
    public IEnumerable<string> Get() // http://localhost:7742/api/test
    {
        return new [] { "value1", "value2" };
    }
 
    [HttpGet("{page:int}")]
    public IActionResult Get(int page) // http://localhost:7742/api/test/1
    {
        return Json(new[] { "value3", "value4" });
    }
 
    [HttpGet("/api/path1")]
    public IActionResult GetEpisodes1() // http://localhost:7742/api/path1
    {
        return Json(new[] { "value5", "value6" });
    }
 
    [HttpGet("/api/path2")]
    public IActionResult GetEpisodes2() // http://localhost:7742/api/path2
    {
        try
        {
            // get data from the DB ...
            return Ok(new[] { "value7", "value8" });
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            _logger.LogError("Failed to get data from the API", ex);
            return BadRequest();
        }
    } 
}

    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class ValuesController : Controller
    {
        // GET: api/values
        [HttpGet]
        public IEnumerable<string> Get()
        {
            return new string[] { "value1", "value2" };
        }
// GET api/values/5
        [HttpGet("{id}")]
        public string Get(int id)
        {
            return "value";
        }
// POST api/values
        [HttpPost]
        public void Post([FromBody]string value)
        {
        }
// PUT api/values/5
        [HttpPut("{id}")]
        public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)
        {
        }
// DELETE api/values/5
        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        public void Delete(int id)
        {
        }
    }
}

 [Produces("application/json")]
[Route("api/[controller]")] // http://localhost:7742/api/test
public class TestController : Controller

namespace Core1RtmEmptyTest.Models
{
    public class Person
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        public int Age { get; set; }
    }
}

using Core1RtmEmptyTest.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
 
namespace Core1RtmEmptyTest.Controllers
{
    public class PersonController : Controller
    {
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }
 
        [HttpPost]
        public IActionResult Index(Person person)
        {
            return Json(person);
        }
    }
}

@section scripts
{
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            $.ajax({
                type: 'POST',
                url: '/Person/Index',
                dataType: 'json',
                contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
                data: JSON.stringify({
                    FirstName: 'F1',
                    LastName: 'L1',
                    Age: 23
                }),
                success: function (result) {
                    console.log('Data received: ');
                    console.log(result);
                }
            });
        });
    </script>
}

 public IActionResult Index([FromBody]Person person)

  var dataType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8';
 var data = $('form').serialize();

 [HttpPost]
public IActionResult Index([FromForm]Person person)

public class ProductModel
{
    public ProductModel(IProductService prodService)
    {
        Value = prodService.Get(productId);
    }
    public IProduct Value { get; private set; }
}

 public async Task<IActionResult> GetProduct([FromServices]ProductModel product)
{
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddMvc(options =>
    {
        options.FormatterMappings.SetMediaTypeMappingForFormat("xml", new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/xml")); 
 
    }).AddJsonOptions(options =>
    {
        options.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();
        options.SerializerSettings.DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Include;
        options.SerializerSettings.NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore;
    });

var store = GetStore();
string postCode = null;
if (store != null && store.Address != null && store.Address.PostCode != null)
     postCode = store.Address.PostCode.ToString();

• این متد فقط با انواع ارجاعی (reference types)  کار می‌کند و می‌بایست برای کار با انواع مقداری (value types) اصلاح شود.
  
• با انواع داده ای مثل string چه باید کرد؟ در مورد این نوع داده‌ها تنها مطمئن شدن از null نبودن کافی نیست. برای مثال در مورد string ، گاهی اوقات ما می‌خواهیم از خالی نبودن آن نیز مطمئن شویم. و یا در مورد collection‌ها تنها null نبودن کافی نیست بلکه زمانی که نیاز به محاسبه مجموع و یا یافتن بزرگترین عضو است، باید از خالی نبودن مجموعه و وجود حداقل یک عضو در آن مطمئن باشیم.
  

        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing)
            {
                if (this.wrappedConnection != null)
                    this.wrappedConnection.Dispose();
            }

            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using EFTracingProvider;

namespace Sample
{
    public class Person
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            var className = this.ContextType.FullName;
            var connectionStringData = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[className];
            if (connectionStringData == null)
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("ConnectionStrings[{0}] not found.", className));

            TargetDatabase = new DbConnectionInfo(connectionStringData.ConnectionString, connectionStringData.ProviderName);
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
                context.Users.Add(new Person { Name = "name " + i });

            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }

    public class MyContext : MyLoggedContext
    {
        public DbSet<Person> Users { get; set; }
    }

    public abstract class MyLoggedContext : DbContext
    {
        protected MyLoggedContext()
            : base(existingConnection: createConnection(), contextOwnsConnection: true)
        {
            var ctx = ((IObjectContextAdapter)this).ObjectContext;
            ctx.GetTracingConnection().CommandExecuting += (s, e) =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}\n", e.ToTraceString());
            };
        }

        private static DbConnection createConnection()
        {
            var st = new StackTrace();
            var sf = st.GetFrame(2); // Get the derived class Type in a base class static method
            var className = sf.GetMethod().DeclaringType.FullName;
            
            var connectionStringData = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[className];
            if (connectionStringData == null)
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("ConnectionStrings[{0}] not found.", className));

            if (!isEFTracingProviderRegistered())
                EFTracingProviderConfiguration.RegisterProvider();

            EFTracingProviderConfiguration.LogToFile = "log.sql";
            var wrapperConnectionString =
                string.Format(@"wrappedProvider={0};{1}", connectionStringData.ProviderName, connectionStringData.ConnectionString);
            return new EFTracingConnection { ConnectionString = wrapperConnectionString };
        }

        private static bool isEFTracingProviderRegistered()
        {
            var data = (DataSet)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("system.data");
            var providerFactories = data.Tables["DbProviderFactories"];
            return providerFactories.Rows.Cast<DataRow>()
                                         .Select(row => (string)row.ItemArray[1])
                                         .Any(invariantName => invariantName == "EF Tracing Data Provider");
        }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void RunTests()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());
            using (var ctx = new MyContext())
            {
                var users = ctx.Users.AsEnumerable();
                if (users.Any())
                {
                    foreach (var user in users)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(user.Name);
                    }
                }

                var rnd = new Random();
                var user1 = ctx.Users.Find(1);
                user1.Name = "test user " + rnd.Next();
                ctx.SaveChanges();
            }

        }
    }
}

 public class MyContext : MyLoggedContext

insert [dbo].[People]([Name])
values (@0)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[People]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "name 0"

insert [dbo].[People]([Name])
values (@0)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[People]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "name 1"

insert [dbo].[People]([Name])
values (@0)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[People]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "name 2"

insert [dbo].[People]([Name])
values (@0)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[People]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "name 3"

insert [dbo].[People]([Name])
values (@0)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[People]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "name 4"

insert [dbo].[People]([Name])
values (@0)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[People]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "name 5"

insert [dbo].[People]([Name])
values (@0)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[People]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "name 6"

SELECT
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[Name] AS [Name]
FROM [dbo].[People] AS [Extent1]

SELECT
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[Name] AS [Name]
FROM [dbo].[People] AS [Extent1]

name 0
name 1
name 2
name 3
name 4
name 5
name 6

update [dbo].[People]
set [Name] = @0
where ([Id] = @1)
-- @0 (dbtype=String, size=-1, direction=Input) = "test user 1355460609"

-- @1 (dbtype=Int32, size=0, direction=Input) = 1

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    CommonModule,
    InjectionBeyondClassesRoutingModule
  ],
  declarations: [TestProvidersComponent],
  providers: [
    { provide: "API_BASE_HREF", useValue: "http://localhost:5000" },
    { provide: "APP_BASE_HREF", useValue: document.location.pathname },
    { provide: "IS_PROD", useValue: true },
    { provide: "APIKey", useValue: "XYZ1234ABC" },
    { provide: "Random", useValue: Math.random() },
    {
      provide: "emailApiConfig", useValue: Object.freeze({
        apiKey: "email-key",
        context: "registration"
      })
    },
    { provide: "languages", useValue: "en", multi: true },
    { provide: "languages", useValue: "fa", multi: true }
  ]
})
export class InjectionBeyondClassesModule { }

import { Component, OnInit, Inject } from "@angular/core";
import { inject } from "@angular/core/testing";

@Component({
  selector: "app-test-providers",
  templateUrl: "./test-providers.component.html",
  styleUrls: ["./test-providers.component.css"]
})
export class TestProvidersComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(
    @Inject("API_BASE_HREF") public apiBaseHref: string,
    @Inject("APP_BASE_HREF") public appBaseHref: string,
    @Inject("IS_PROD") public isProd: boolean,
    @Inject("APIKey") public apiKey: string,
    @Inject("Random") public random: string,
    @Inject("emailApiConfig") public emailApiConfig: any,
    @Inject("languages") public languages: string[]
  ) { }

  ngOnInit() {
  }
}

<h1>
  Injection Beyond Classes
</h1>
<div class="alert alert-info">
  <ul>
    <li>API_BASE_HREF: {{apiBaseHref}}</li>
    <li>APP_BASE_HREF: {{appBaseHref}}</li>
    <li>IS_PROD: {{isProd}}</li>
    <li>APIKey: {{apiKey}}</li>
    <li>Random-1: {{random}}</li>
    <li>Random-2: {{random}}</li>
    <li>emailApiConfig {{emailApiConfig | json}}</li>
    <li>languages: {{languages | json}}</li>
  </ul>
</div>

import { InjectionToken } from "@angular/core";

export let APP_CONFIG = new InjectionToken<string>("this.module.config");

export interface IThisModuleConfig {
  apiEndpoint: string;
}

export const ThisModuleConfig: IThisModuleConfig = {
  apiEndpoint: "http://localhost:45043/api/"
};

import { InjectionToken } from '@angular/core';
export const EmailService1 = new InjectionToken<string>("EmailService");
export const EmailService2 = new InjectionToken<string>("EmailService");
console.log(EmailService1 === EmailService2); // false

import { ThisModuleConfig, APP_CONFIG } from "./thismodule.config";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    { provide: APP_CONFIG, useValue: ThisModuleConfig }
  ]
})
export class InjectionBeyondClassesModule { }

import { IThisModuleConfig, APP_CONFIG } from "./../thismodule.config";
@Component()
export class TestProvidersComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(
    @Inject(APP_CONFIG) public config: IThisModuleConfig
  ) { }

  ngOnInit() {
  }

}

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    // ------ useFactory
    { provide: "BASE_URL", useFactory: getBaseUrl },
    { provide: "RandomFactory", useFactory: randomFactory }
  ]
})
export class InjectionBeyondClassesModule { }

export function getBaseUrl() {
  return document.getElementsByTagName("base")[0].href;
}

export function randomFactory() {
  return Math.random();
}

export class TestProvidersComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(
    @Inject("BASE_URL") public baseUrl: string,
    @Inject("RandomFactory") public randomFactory: string
  ) { }

import { HttpClient } from "@angular/common/http";
import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";

@Injectable()
export class CarService {

  constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }

}

import { CarService } from "./car.service";
import { HttpClient } from "@angular/common/http";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    // ------ useFactory
    { provide: "Car_Service", useFactory: carServiceFactory, deps: [HttpClient] }
  ]
})
export class InjectionBeyondClassesModule { }

export function carServiceFactory(http: HttpClient) {
  return new CarService(http);
}

import { CarService } from "./car.service";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    // ------ useClass
    { provide: "Car_Service_Name1", useClass: CarService },
  ]
})
export class InjectionBeyondClassesModule { }

import { CarService } from "./car.service";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
        CarService
  ]
})
export class InjectionBeyondClassesModule { }

import { CarService } from "./car.service";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    // ------ useClass
    { provide: "Car_Service_Name1", useClass: CarService },
    // ------ useExisting
    { provide: "Car_Service_Token2", useExisting: "Car_Service_Name1" },
  ]
})
export class InjectionBeyondClassesModule { }

using System;
 
namespace CS6NewFeatures
{
    class Person
    {
        public string FirstName { set; get; }
        public string LastName { set; get; }
        public int Age { set; get; }
    }
 
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var person = new Person { FirstName = "User 1", LastName = "Last Name 1", Age = 50 };
            var message = string.Format("Hello!  My name is {0} {1} and I am {2} years old.",
                                          person.FirstName, person.LastName, person.Age);
            Console.Write(message);
        }
    }
}

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var person = new Person { FirstName = "User 1", LastName = "Last Name 1", Age = 50 };
    var message = $"Hello!  My name is {person.FirstName} {person.LastName} and I am {person.Age} years old.";
    Console.Write(message);
}

 var message2 = $"{Environment.NewLine}Test {DateTime.Now}, {3*2}";
Console.Write(message2);

 var message3 = $"{Environment.NewLine}{1000000:n0} {DateTime.Now:dd-MM-yyyy}";
Console.Write(message3);

class MyDateFormatProvider : IFormatProvider
{
    readonly MyDateFormatter _formatter = new MyDateFormatter();
 
    public object GetFormat(Type formatType)
    {
        return formatType == typeof(ICustomFormatter) ? _formatter : null;
    }
 
    class MyDateFormatter : ICustomFormatter
    {
        public string Format(string format, object arg, IFormatProvider formatProvider)
        {
            if (arg is DateTime)
                return ((DateTime)arg).ToString("MM/dd/yyyy");
            return arg.ToString();
        }
    }
}

static string formatMyDate(FormattableString formattable)
{
      return formattable.ToString(new MyDateFormatProvider());
}

 var message2 = formatMyDate($"{Environment.NewLine}Test {DateTime.Now}, {3*2}");
Console.Write(message2);

public static string faIr(IFormattable formattable)
{
    return formattable.ToString(null, new CultureInfo("fa-Ir"));
}

 static string invariant(FormattableString formattable)
{
    return formattable.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
}

 var message0 = $"Hello! My name is {person.FirstName} {{person.FirstName}}";

 Console.Write($"{(person.Age>50 ? "old": "young")}");