var count = context.Facilities.Count();

var count = context.Facilities.Count(x => x.GuestCost >= 10);

var members = context.Members
                        .Where(member => member.RecommendedBy != null)
                        .GroupBy(member => member.RecommendedBy)
                        .Select(group => new
                        {
                            RecommendedBy = group.Key,
                            Count = group.Count()
                        })
                        .OrderBy(result => result.RecommendedBy)
                        .ToList();

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.FacId)
                                    .ToList();

var date1 = new DateTime(2012, 09, 01);
var date2 = new DateTime(2012, 10, 01);

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .Where(booking => booking.StartTime >= date1
                                                        && booking.StartTime < date2)
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.TotalSlots)
                                    .ToList();

var date1 = new DateTime(2012, 01, 01);
var date2 = new DateTime(2013, 01, 01);

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .Where(booking => booking.StartTime >= date1
                                                        && booking.StartTime < date2)
                                    .GroupBy(booking => new { booking.FacId, booking.StartTime.Month })
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        group.Key.FacId,
                                        group.Key.Month,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.FacId)
                                        .ThenBy(result => result.Month)
                                    .ToList();

var count = context.Bookings.Select(booking => booking.MemId).Distinct().Count();

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .Where(result => result.TotalSlots > 1000)
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.FacId)
                                    .ToList();

 var facilities =
                            context.Bookings.Select(booking =>
                                new
                                {
                                    booking.Facility.Name,
                                    Revenue = booking.MemId == 0 ?
                                            booking.Slots * booking.Facility.GuestCost
                                            : booking.Slots * booking.Facility.MemberCost
                                })
                                .GroupBy(b => b.Name)
                                .Select(group => new
                                {
                                    Name = group.Key,
                                    TotalRevenue = group.Sum(b => b.Revenue)
                                })
                                .OrderBy(result => result.TotalRevenue)
                                .ToList();

var facilities =
                            context.Bookings.Select(booking =>
                                new
                                {
                                    booking.Facility.Name,
                                    Revenue = booking.MemId == 0 ?
                                            booking.Slots * booking.Facility.GuestCost
                                            : booking.Slots * booking.Facility.MemberCost
                                })
                                .GroupBy(b => b.Name)
                                .Select(group => new
                                {
                                    Name = group.Key,
                                    TotalRevenue = group.Sum(b => b.Revenue)
                                })
                                .Where(result => result.TotalRevenue < 1000)
                                .OrderBy(result => result.TotalRevenue)
                                .ToList();

var item = context.Bookings
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderByDescending(result => result.TotalSlots)
                                    .FirstOrDefault();

import { action, observable, computed } from 'mobx';

class PizzaCalculator {
  @observable numberOfPeople = 0;
  @observable slicesPerPerson = 2;
  @observable slicesPerPie = 8;

  @computed get slicesNeeded() {
    console.log('Getting slices needed');
    return this.numberOfPeople * this.slicesPerPerson;
   }

  @computed get piesNeeded() {
    console.log('Getting pies needed');
    return Math.ceil(this.slicesNeeded / this.slicesPerPie);
   }

   @action addGuest() {
     this.numberOfPeople!++;
   }
}

const extendObservable = (target, source) => {
  source.keys().forEach(key => {
    const wrappedInObservable = observable(source[key]);
    Object.defineProperty(target, key, {
      set: value.set.
      get: value.get
    });
  });
};

 > npm install --save mobx mobx-react

import { observer } from "mobx-react";

@observer class Counter extends Component {

const Counter = observer(({ count }) => {
  return (
   // ...
  );
});

class ContainerComponent extends Component () {
   componentDidMount() {
     this.stopListening = autorun(() => this.render());
   }

   componentWillUnmount() {
     this.stopListening();
   }

   render() { … }
}

import { Provider } from 'mobx-react';

import ItemStore from './store/ItemStore';
import Application from './components/Application';

const itemStore = new ItemStore();

ReactDOM.render(
   <Provider itemStore={itemStore}>
     <Application />
   </Provider>,
   document.getElementById('root'),
);

@inject('itemStore')
class NewItem extends Component {
// ...

const UnpackedItems = inject('itemStore')(
    observer(({ itemStore }) => (
    // ...
  )),
);

> create-react-app state-management-with-mobx-part2
> cd state-management-with-mobx-part2
> npm start

> npm install --save mobx mobx-react bootstrap

import "bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css";

import "./index.css";
import "bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css";

import { autorun, decorate, observable } from "mobx";
import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";

import Counter from "./components/Counter";
import * as serviceWorker from "./serviceWorker";

class Count {
  value = 0;

  increment = () => {
    this.value++;
  };

  decrement = () => {
    this.value--;
  };
}

decorate(Count, { value: observable });

const count = (window.count = new Count());
autorun(() => console.log("The count changed!", count.value));

ReactDOM.render(
  <main className="container">
    <Counter count={count} />
  </main>,
  document.getElementById("root")
);

serviceWorker.unregister();

import { observer } from "mobx-react";
import React from "react";

const Counter = observer(({ count }) => {
  return (
    <section className="card mt-5">
      <div className="card-body text-center">
        <span className="badge m-2 badge-primary">{count.value}</span>
      </div>
      <div className="card-footer">
        <div className="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center">
          <button
            className="btn btn-secondary btn-sm"
            onClick={count.increment}
          >
            +
          </button>
          <button
            className="btn btn-secondary btn-sm m-2"
            onClick={count.decrement}
          >
            -
          </button>
        </div>
      </div>
    </section>
  );
});

export default Counter;

<Page user={user}  />

<PageLayout user={user} />

<NavigationBar user={user}  />

import React from "react";

export const UserContext = React.createContext({ user: {} });

export const UserProvider = UserContext.Provider;
export const UserConsumer = UserContext.Consumer;

import "../../App.css";

import React, { Component } from "react";

import { UserProvider } from "../../contexts/userContext";
import Main from "./Main";

class App extends Component {
  state = {
    user: { name: "User 1" }
  };

  componentDidMount() {
    // get user from the server or local storage and then set the currently logged in user to the this.state
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <>
        <h1>App Class</h1>
        <UserProvider value={this.state.user}>
          <Main />
        </UserProvider>
      </>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

export const DefaultRouteContext = React.createContext({ path: '/welcome' });

import React from "react";

import { UserConsumer } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main(props) {
  return (
    <>
      <UserConsumer>
        {value => <div>User name: {value.name}.</div>}
      </UserConsumer>
    </>
  );
}

import React, { useContext } from "react";

import { UserContext } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main() {
  const value = useContext(UserContext);
  return (
    <>
      <div>User name: {value.name}.</div>
    </>
  );
}

function HeaderBar() {
  return (
    <CurrentUser.Consumer>
      {user =>
        <Notifications.Consumer>
          {notifications =>
            <header>
              Welcome back, {user.name}!
              You have {notifications.length} notifications.
            </header>
          }
      }
    </CurrentUser.Consumer>
  );
}

function HeaderBar() {
  const user = useContext(CurrentUser);
  const notifications = useContext(Notifications);
return (
    <header>
      Welcome back, {user.name}!
      You have {notifications.length} notifications.
    </header>
  );
}

import "../../App.css";

import React, { Component } from "react";

import { UserProvider } from "../../contexts/userContext";
import Main from "./Main2";

class App extends Component {
  state = {
    user: { name: "User 1" }
  };

  componentDidMount() {
    // get user from the server or local storage and then set the currently logged in user to the this.state
  }

  logout = () => {
    console.log("logout");
    this.setState({ user: {} });
  };

  render() {
    const contextValue = {
      user: this.state.user,
      logoutUser: this.logout
    };
    return (
      <>
        <h1>App Class</h1>
        <UserProvider value={contextValue}>
          <Main />
        </UserProvider>
      </>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

import React, { useContext } from "react";

import { UserContext } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main() {
  const { user, logoutUser } = useContext(UserContext);
  return (
    <>
      <div>User name: {user.name}.</div>
      <button type="button" className="btn btn-primary" onClick={logoutUser}>
        Logout user
      </button>
    </>
  );
}

import React from "react";

import { UserConsumer } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main(props) {
  return (
    <>
      <UserConsumer>
        {({ user, logoutUser }) => (
          <>
            <div>User name: {user.name}.</div>
            <button
              type="button"
              className="btn btn-primary"
              onClick={logoutUser}
            >
              Logout user
            </button>
          </>
        )}
      </UserConsumer>
    </>
  );
}

public int CalculateElapsedDays(DateTime from)
{
   DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
   return (now - from).Days;
}

 public static int CalculateElapsedDays(DateTime from, DateTime now) => (now - from).Days;

public int Divide(int numerator, int denominator)
{
   return numerator / denominator;
}

var result = Divide(1,0);

public static int Divide(int numerator, NonZeroInt denominator)
{
   return numerator / denominator.Value;
}

Func<int, bool> isMod2 = x => x % 2 == 0;
var list = Enumerable.Range(1, 10);
var evenNumbers = list.Where(isMod2);

public static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(this IEnumerable<T> ts, Func<T, bool> predicate)
{
   foreach (T t in ts)
      if (predicate(t))
         yield return t;
}

import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";

@Injectable()
export class BrowserStorageService {

  getSession(key: string): any {
    const data = window.sessionStorage.getItem(key);
    return JSON.parse(data);
  }

  setSession(key: string, value: any): void {
    const data = value === undefined ? null : JSON.stringify(value);
    window.sessionStorage.setItem(key, data);
  }

  removeSession(key: string): void {
    window.sessionStorage.removeItem(key);
  }

  removeAllSessions(): void {
    for (const key in window.sessionStorage) {
      if (window.sessionStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        this.removeSession(key);
      }
    }
  }

  getLocal(key: string): any {
    const data = window.localStorage.getItem(key);
    return JSON.parse(data);
  }

  setLocal(key: string, value: any): void {
    const data = value === undefined ? null : JSON.stringify(value);
    window.localStorage.setItem(key, data);
  }

  removeLocal(key: string): void {
    window.localStorage.removeItem(key);
  }

  removeAllLocals(): void {
    for (const key in window.localStorage) {
      if (window.localStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        this.removeLocal(key);
      }
    }
  }
}

import { BrowserStorageService } from "./browser-storage.service";
import { NgModule } from "@angular/core";
import { CommonModule } from "@angular/common";
import { RouterModule } from "@angular/router";

@NgModule({
  imports: [CommonModule, RouterModule],
  exports: [], // components that are used in app.component.ts will be listed here.
  declarations: [], // components that are used in app.component.ts will be listed here.
  providers: [BrowserStorageService] // singleton services of the whole app will be listed here.
})
export class CoreModule { };

import { CoreModule } from "./core/core.module";

@NgModule({
  imports:      [
//...
    CoreModule,
//...
    RouterModule.forRoot(appRoutes)
  ],
//...
})
export class AppModule { }

import { BrowserStorageService } from "./../../core/browser-storage.service";
import { Component, OnInit } from "@angular/core";

@Component({
  selector: "app-browser-storage-sample-test",
  templateUrl: "./browser-storage-sample-test.component.html",
  styleUrls: ["./browser-storage-sample-test.component.css"]
})
export class BrowserStorageSampleTestComponent implements OnInit {

  fromSessionStorage = "";
  fromLocalStorage = ""

  sessionStorageKey = "sessionStorageKey1";
  localStorageKey = "localStorageKey1"

  constructor(private browserStorage: BrowserStorageService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
  }

  sessionStorageSetItem() {
    this.browserStorage.setSession(this.sessionStorageKey, "Val1");
  }

  sessionStorageGetItem() {
    this.fromSessionStorage = this.browserStorage.getSession(this.sessionStorageKey);
  }

  localStorageSetItem() {
    this.browserStorage.setLocal(this.localStorageKey, { key1: "val1", key2: 2 });
  }

  localStorageGetItem() {
    this.fromLocalStorage = JSON.stringify(this.browserStorage.getLocal(this.localStorageKey));
  }
}

<h1>Browser storage sample</h1>
<div class="panel">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" (click)="sessionStorageSetItem()" type="button">sessionStorage -> Set Item</button>
  <button class="btn btn-success" (click)="sessionStorageGetItem()" type="button">sessionStorage -> Get Item</button>
  <div class="alert alert-info" *ngIf="fromSessionStorage">
    {{fromSessionStorage}}
  </div>
</div>

<div class="panel">
  <button class="btn btn-warning" (click)="localStorageSetItem()" type="button">localStorage -> Set Item</button>
  <button class="btn btn-success" (click)="localStorageGetItem()" type="button">localStorage -> Get Item</button>
  <div class="alert alert-info" *ngIf="fromLocalStorage">
    {{fromLocalStorage}}
  </div>
</div>

function <functionName> ([arg0, arg1, …, argN]) {
<statements>
}

sayHello("Meysam", "welcome to site");

alert(sum(10, 20));

public class StrongCoupledConcreteA
    {
        public string GenerateString(string s) { return s + " from" + this.GetType().ToString(); }
    }

    public class StrongCoupledConcreteB
    {
        public void GenerateString(ref string s) { s += " from" + this.GetType().ToString(); }
    }

    public class Printer
    {
        bool condition;
        public Printer(bool cond)
        {
            condition = cond;
        }

        public void SetCondition(bool value) { condition = value; }

        public void Print()
        {
            string result;
            string input = " this message is";
            if (condition)
            {
                var stringGenerator = new StrongCoupledConcreteA();
                result = stringGenerator.GenerateString(input);
            }
            else
            {
                var stringGenerator = new StrongCoupledConcreteB();
                result = input;
                stringGenerator.GenerateString(ref result);
            }
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }

    }
    public class Context
    {
        Printer printer;
        public void DoWork()
        {
            printer = new Printer(true);
            printer.Print();

            printer.SetCondition(false);
            printer.Print();
        }

    }

public interface IStringGenerator
        {
            string GenerateString(string s);
        }
        public class LooslyCoupledConcreteA : IStringGenerator
        {
            public string GenerateString(string s)
            {
                return s + " from " + this.GetType().ToString();
            }
        }
        public class LooslyCoupledConcreteB : IStringGenerator
        {
            public string GenerateString(string s)
            {
                return s + " from " + this.GetType().ToString();
            }
        }

           public class Printer
           {
               bool condition;
               public Printer(bool cond)
               {
                   condition = cond;
               }

               public void SetCondition(bool value) { condition = value; }

               public void Print()
               {
                   string result;
                   string input = " this message is";
                   IStringGenerator generator;
                   if (condition)
                   {
                       generator = new LooslyCoupledConcreteA();
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       generator = new LooslyCoupledConcreteB();
                   }
                   
                   result = generator.GenerateString(input);
                   Console.WriteLine(result);

               }

           }

// single responsibility principle - bad example

    interface IEmail
    {
        void SetSender(string sender);
        void SetReceiver(string receiver);
        void SetContent(string content);
    }

    class Email : IEmail
    {
        public void SetSender(string sender)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        public void SetReceiver(string receiver)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void SetContent(string content)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }

// single responsibility principle - good example
    public interface IMessage
    {
        void SetSender(string sender);
        void SetReceiver(string receiver);
        void SetContent(IContent content);
    }

    public interface IContent
    {
        string GetAsString(); // used for serialization
    }

    public class Email : IMessage
    {        
        public void SetSender(string sender)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void SetReceiver(string receiver)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void SetContent(IContent content)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }

public class AreaCalculator
        {
            public double Area(object[] shapes)
            {
                double area = 0;

                foreach (var shape in shapes)
                {

                    if (shape is Square)
                    {
                        Square square = (Square)shape;
                        area += Math.Sqrt(square.Height);
                    }

                    if (shape is Triangle)
                    {
                        Triangle triangle = (Triangle)shape;
                        double TotalHalf = (triangle.FirstSide + triangle.SecondSide + triangle.ThirdSide) / 2;
                        area += Math.Sqrt(TotalHalf * (TotalHalf - triangle.FirstSide) *
                        (TotalHalf - triangle.SecondSide) * (TotalHalf - triangle.ThirdSide));
                    }

                    if (shape is Circle)
                    {
                        Circle circle = (Circle)shape;
                        area += circle.Radius * circle.Radius * Math.PI;
                    }

                }
                return area;
            }
        }
        public class Square
        {
            public double Height { get; set; }
        }
        public class Circle
        {
            public double Radius { get; set; }
        }
        public class Triangle
        {
            public double FirstSide { get; set; }
            public double SecondSide { get; set; }
            public double ThirdSide { get; set; }
        }

public class AreaCalculator
{
    public double Area(Shape[] shapes)
    {
        double area = 0;

        foreach (var shape in shapes)
        {
            area += shape.Area();
        }

        return area;
    }
}
public abstract class Shape
{
    public abstract double Area();
}
public class Square : Shape
{
    public double Height { get { return _height; } }
    private double _height;

    public Square(double Height)
    {
        _height = Height;
    }

    public override double Area()
    {
        return Math.Sqrt(_height);
    }
}
public class Circle : Shape
{
    public double Radius { get { return _radius; } }

    private double _radius;

    public Circle(double Radius)
    {
        _radius = Radius;
    }

    public override double Area()
    {
        return _radius * _radius * Math.PI;
    }
}
public class Triangle : Shape
{
    public double FirstSide { get { return _firstSide; } }
    public double SecondSide { get { return _secondSide; } }
    public double ThirdSide { get { return _thirdSide; } }

    private double _firstSide;
    private double _secondSide;
    private double _thirdSide;

    public Triangle(double FirstSide, double SecondSide, double ThirdSide)
    {
        _firstSide = FirstSide;
        _secondSide = SecondSide;
        _thirdSide = ThirdSide;
    }

    public override double Area()
    {
        double TotalHalf = (_firstSide + _secondSide + _thirdSide) / 2;
        return Math.Sqrt(TotalHalf * (TotalHalf - _firstSide) * (TotalHalf - _secondSide) * (TotalHalf - _thirdSide));
    }
}

        public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
        public DateTime HireDate { get; set; }
        public DateTime? LeaveDate { get; set; }

از این جدول چه می‌فهمید؟ با یک نگاه می‌توان فهمید که ساختار بالای من باید 24 بایت گرفته باشد؛ برای ساختاری که هم تاریخ و هم زمان (ساعت) را پشتیبانی می‌کند. ولی با نگاه دقیق‌تر به نام پراپرتی‌ها این نکته روشن می‌شود که ما یک گپ Gap (فضای بیهوده) داریم چون زمان تولد، استخدام و ترک سازمان اصلا نیازی به ساعت ندارند و همان تاریخ کافی است. یعنی نوع Date با حجم کلی 9 بایت؛ که در نتیجه 15 بایت صرفه جویی در یک رکورد صورت خواهد گرفت.

پس کد بالا را به شکل زیر تغییر می‌دهم:

          [Column(TypeName = "date")]
        public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }

        [Column(TypeName = "date")]
        public DateTime HireDate { get; set; }

        [Column(TypeName = "date")]
        public DateTime? LeaveDate { get; set; }

خصوصیت Column از نسخه 4.5دات نت فریم ورک اضافه شده و در فضای نام System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema قرار گرفته است.

• خطی یا Linear: شامل ساختارهایی چون لیست و صف و پشته است: List ,Queue,Stack
• درختی یا Tree-Like: درخت باینری ، درخت متوازن و B-Trees
• Dictionary : شامل یک جفت کلید و مقدار است در جدول هش
• بقیه: گراف‌ها، صف الویت، bags, Multi bags, multi sets

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Data;
using ContosoUniversity.Models;

namespace ContosoUniversity.DAL
{
    public class StudentRepository : IStudentRepository, IDisposable
    {
        private SchoolContext context;

        public StudentRepository(SchoolContext context)
        {
            this.context = context;
        }

        public IEnumerable<Student> GetStudents()
        {
            return context.Students.ToList();
        }

        public Student GetStudentByID(int id)
        {
            return context.Students.Find(id);
        }

        //<snip>
        public void Save()
        {
            context.SaveChanges();
        }
    }
}

public class CustomerRepository : Repository < Customer > {
  public CustomerRepository(DbContext context){
    //a property on the base class
    this.DB = context;
  }

  //base class has Add/Save/Remove/Get/Fetch
}

public class TransactOrderCommand {
  public Customer NewCustomer {get;set;}
  public Customer ExistingCustomer {get;set;}
  public List<Product> Cart {get;set;}
  //all the parameters we need, as properties...
  //...

  //our UnitOfWork
  StoreContext _context;
  public TransactOrderCommand(StoreContext context){
    //allow it to be injected - though that's only for testing
    _context = context;
  }

  public Order Execute(){
    //allow for mocking and passing in... otherwise new it up
    _context = _context ?? new StoreContext();

    //add products to a new order, assign the customer, etc
    //then...
    _context.SubmitChanges();

    return newOrder;
  }
}

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Web.Controllers
{
  public class DataController : Controller
  {
    protected StoreContext _context;

    protected override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
      //make sure your DB context is globally accessible
      MyApp.StoreDB = new StoreDB();
    }

    protected override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
    {
      MyApp.StoreDB.SubmitChanges();
    }
  }
}