<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
  <package id="EntityFramework" version="4.3.1" />
</packages>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=4.3.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" />
  </configSections>
  <entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
      <parameters>
        <parameter value="Data Source=(localdb)\v11.0; Integrated Security=True; MultipleActiveResultSets=True" />
      </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
  </entityFramework>
</configuration>

namespace EF_Sample01.Models
{
    public class Post
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public string Content { set; get; }
        public virtual Blog Blog { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample01.Models
{
    public class Blog
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public string AuthorName { set; get; }
        public IList<Post> Posts { set; get; }        
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity;
using EF_Sample01.Models;

namespace EF_Sample01
{
    public class Context : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { set; get; }
        public DbSet<Post> Posts { set; get; }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
... 
  </configSections>
  <connectionStrings>
    <clear/>
    <add name="Context"
         connectionString="Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=testdb2012;Integrated Security = true"
          providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"
           />
  </connectionStrings>
...
</configuration>

<connectionStrings> 
              <add name="MyContextName" 
                         connectionString="Data Source=|DataDirectory|\Store.sdf" 
                         providerName="System.Data.SqlServerCe.4.0" /> 
</connectionStrings>

public class Context : DbContext
{
    public Context() 
      : base("ConnectionStringName")
    {
    }

using EF_Sample01.Models;

namespace EF_Sample01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (var db = new Context())
            {
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { AuthorName = "Vahid", Title = ".NET Tips" });
                db.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
    }
}

using EF_Sample01.Models;

namespace EF_Sample01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //addBlog();
            addPost();
        }

        private static void addPost()
        {
            using (var db = new Context())
            {
                var blog = db.Blogs.Find(1);
                db.Posts.Add(new Post
                {
                    Blog = blog,
                    Content = "data",
                    Title = "EF"
                });
                db.SaveChanges();
            }
        }

        private static void addBlog()
        {
            using (var db = new Context())
            {
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { AuthorName = "Vahid", Title = ".NET Tips" });
                db.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
    }
}

exec sp_executesql N'insert [dbo].[Posts]([Title], [Content], [Blog_Id])
values (@0, @1, @2)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[Posts]
where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()',
N'@0 nvarchar(max) ,@1 nvarchar(max) ,@2 int',
@0=N'EF',
@1=N'data',
@2=1

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace CustomValidators
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field | AttributeTargets.Property | AttributeTargets.Parameter)]
    public class EmailDomainValidator : ValidationAttribute
    {
        public string AllowedDomain { get; set; }

        protected override ValidationResult IsValid(object value, 
            ValidationContext validationContext)
        {
            string[] strings = value.ToString().Split('@');
            if (strings[1].ToUpper() == AllowedDomain.ToUpper())
            {
                return null;
            }

            return new ValidationResult($"Domain must be {AllowedDomain}",
            new[] { validationContext.MemberName });
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace MvcApplication8.Models
{
    public class Employee
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }
        public decimal Salary { set; get; }
        public string Address { set; get; }
        public bool IsMale { set; get; }
        public DateTime AddDate { set; get; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using MvcApplication8.Models;

namespace MvcApplication8.Controllers
{
    public class EmployeeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Create()
        {
            var employee = new Employee { AddDate = DateTime.Now };
            return View(employee);
        }
    }
}

@model MvcApplication8.Models.Employee
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Create";
}

<h2>Create An Employee</h2>

@using (Html.BeginForm(actionName: "Create", controllerName: "Employee"))
{
    @Html.EditorForModel()
    <input type="submit" value="Save" />
}

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication8.Models
{
    public class Employee
    {
        //[ScaffoldColumn(false)]

        [HiddenInput(DisplayValue=false)]
        public int Id { set; get; }

        public string Name { set; get; }

        [DisplayName("Annual Salary ($)")]
        public decimal Salary { set; get; }

        public string Address { set; get; }

        [DisplayName("Is Male?")]
        public bool IsMale { set; get; }

        [DisplayName("Start Date")]
        [DataType(DataType.Date)]
        public DateTime AddDate { set; get; }        
    }
}

[DataType(DataType.MultilineText)]

[DisplayName("Gender")]
[UIHint("GenderOptions")]
public bool IsMale { set; get; }

@model bool
<p>@Html.RadioButton("", false, !Model) Female</p>
<p>@Html.RadioButton("", true, Model) Male</p>

@model Enum
@Html.DropDownListFor(m => m, Enum.GetValues(Model.GetType())
         .Cast<Enum>()
         .Select(m => {
                   string enumVal = Enum.GetName(Model.GetType(), m);
                   return new SelectListItem() {
                             Selected = (Model.ToString() == enumVal),
                             Text = enumVal,
                             Value = enumVal
                  };
}))

[UIHint("Enum")]

[DisplayFormat(NullDisplayText = "-")]

[DisplayFormat(DataFormatString  = "{0:n}")]

[DisplayFormat(DataFormatString  = "{0:n}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)]

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace MvcApplication8.Models
{
    public class Employees
    {
        public IList<Employee> CreateEmployees()
        {
            return new[]
            {
                new Employee { Id = 1, AddDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-3), Name = "Emp-01", Salary = 3000},
                new Employee { Id = 2, AddDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-2), Name = "Emp-02", Salary = 2000},
                new Employee { Id = 3, AddDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-1), Name = "Emp-03", Salary = 1000}
            };
        }
    }
}

public ActionResult EmployeeList()
{
    var list = new Employees().CreateEmployees();
    return View(list);
}

@foreach (var item in Model) {
    <tr>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Salary)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Address)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.IsMale)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.AddDate)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id=item.Id }) |
            @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id=item.Id }) |
            @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id=item.Id })
        </td>
    </tr>
}

\Views\Employee\_EmployeeItem.cshtml

@model MvcApplication8.Models.Employee

    <tr>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(x => x.Name)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(x => x.Salary)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(x => x.Address)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(x => x.IsMale)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(x => x.AddDate)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id = Model.Id }) |
            @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id = Model.Id }) |
            @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id = Model.Id })
        </td>
    </tr>

@foreach (var item in Model) {
    @Html.Partial("_EmployeeItem", item)
}

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication8.Controllers
{
    public class MenuController : Controller
    {
        [ChildActionOnly]
        public ActionResult ShowMenu(string options)
        {
            return PartialView(viewName: "_ShowMenu", model: options);
        }
    }
}

@model string
           
<ul>
    <li>
        @Model
    </li>
</ul>

@Html.Action(actionName: "ShowMenu", controllerName: "Menu", 
                    routeValues: new { options = "some data..." })

@{ Html.RenderAction("About"); }
And not @Html.RenderAction("About")

public class Book:Entity
    {
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public string ISBN { get; set; }
        public int Price { get; set; }
        public List<Author> Authors { get; set; }
        public BsonDocument ExtraFields { get; set; }
        public Language Language { get; set; }
        public ObjectId Image { get; set; }
        public int Year { get; set; }
        public DateTime LastStock { get; set; }

    }

     var book = new Book()
            {
      
                Title = "Gone With Wind",
                ISBN = "43442424",
                Price = 50000,
                Year = 1936,
                LastStock = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-13),
                Language = new Language()
                {
                    Name = "Persian"
                },
                Authors = new List<Author>()
               {
                   new Author()
                   {
                       Name = "Margaret Mitchell"
                   }
               },
                ExtraFields=new BsonDocument("Translator", "Ali Mahboobi")
            };

public class Book:Entity
    {
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public string ISBN { get; set; }
        public int Price { get; set; }
        public List<Author> Authors { get; set; }
        [BsonExtraElements]
        public BsonDocument ExtraFields { get; set; }
        public Language Language { get; set; }
        public ObjectId Image { get; set; }
        public int Year { get; set; }
        public DateTime LastStock { get; set; }

    }

public class BaseEntity : IBaseEntity
{
   [JsonIgnore]
   int Id { get; set; } 

   [JsonIgnore] 
    string? Audit { get; set; }
}

public class AuditSourceValues
{
    [JsonProperty("hn")]
    public string? HostName { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("mn")]
    public string? MachineName { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("rip")]
    public string? RemoteIpAddress { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("lip")]
    public string? LocalIpAddress { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("ua")]
    public string? UserAgent { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("an")]
    public string? ApplicationName { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("av")]
    public string? ApplicationVersion { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("cn")]
    public string? ClientName { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("cv")]
    public string? ClientVersion { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("o")]
    public string? Other { get; set; }
}

public class EntityAudit<TEntity>
{
    [JsonProperty("type")]
    [JsonConverter(typeof(StringEnumConverter))]
    public EntityEventType EventType { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("user", NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Include)]
    public int? ActorUserId { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("at")]
    public DateTime ActDateTime { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("sources")]
    public AuditSourceValues? AuditSourceValues { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("newValues", NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Include)]
    public TEntity NewEntity { get; set; } = default!;

    public string? SerializeJson()
    {
        return JsonSerializer.Serialize(this, 
            options: new JsonSerializerOptions { WriteIndented = false, IgnoreNullValues = true }); 
    }
}

public enum EntityEventType
{
    Create = 0,
    Update = 1,
    Delete = 2
}

public interface IAuditSourcesProvider
{
    AuditSourceValues GetAuditSourceValues();
}

public class AuditSourcesProvider : IAuditSourcesProvider
{
    protected readonly IHttpContextAccessor HttpContextAccessor;

    public AuditSourcesProvider(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
    {
        HttpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
    }

    public virtual AuditSourceValues GetAuditSourceValues()
    {
        var httpContext = HttpContextAccessor.HttpContext;

        return new AuditSourceValues
        {
            HostName = GetHostName(httpContext),
            MachineName = GetComputerName(httpContext),
            LocalIpAddress = GetLocalIpAddress(httpContext),
            RemoteIpAddress = GetRemoteIpAddress(httpContext),
            UserAgent = GetUserAgent(httpContext),
            ApplicationName = GetApplicationName(httpContext),
            ClientName = GetClientName(httpContext),
            ClientVersion = GetClientVersion(httpContext),
            ApplicationVersion = GetApplicationVersion(httpContext),
            Other = GetOther(httpContext)
        };
    }

    protected virtual string? GetUserAgent(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return httpContext.Request?.Headers["User-Agent"].ToString();
    }

    protected virtual string? GetRemoteIpAddress(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return httpContext.Connection?.RemoteIpAddress?.ToString();
    }

    protected virtual string? GetLocalIpAddress(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return httpContext.Connection?.LocalIpAddress?.ToString();
    }

    protected virtual string GetHostName(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return httpContext.Request.Host.ToString();
    }

    protected virtual string GetComputerName(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return Environment.MachineName;
    }
    protected virtual string? GetApplicationName(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return Assembly.GetEntryAssembly()?.GetName().Name;
    }

    protected virtual string? GetApplicationVersion(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return Assembly.GetEntryAssembly()?.GetName().Version.ToString();
    }

    protected virtual string? GetClientVersion(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return httpContext.Request?.Headers["client-version"];
    }
    protected virtual string? GetClientName(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return httpContext.Request?.Headers["client-name"];
    }

    protected virtual string? GetOther(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        return null;
    }
}

public interface IEntityAuditProvider
{
    string? GetAuditValues(EntityEventType eventType, object? entity, string? previousJsonAudit = null);
}

public class EntityAuditProvider : IEntityAuditProvider
{
    private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
    private readonly IAuditSourcesProvider _auditSourcesProvider;

    #region Constructor Injections

    public EntityAuditProvider(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor, IAuditSourcesProvider auditSourcesProvider)
    {
        _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
        _auditSourcesProvider = auditSourcesProvider;
    }

    #endregion

    public virtual string? GetAuditValues(EntityEventType eventType, object? newEntity, string? previousJsonAudit = null)
    {
        var httpContext = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;
        int? userId;

        var user = httpContext.User;

        if (!user.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
            userId = null;
        else
            userId = user.Claims.Where(x => x.Type == "UserID").Select(x => x.Value).First().ToInt();

        var auditSourceValues = _auditSourcesProvider.GetAuditSourceValues();

        var auditJArray = new JArray();

        // Update & Delete
        if (eventType == EntityEventType.Update || eventType == EntityEventType.Delete)
        {
            auditJArray = JArray.Parse(previousJsonAudit!);
        }

        // Delete => No NewValues
        if (eventType == EntityEventType.Delete)
        {
            newEntity = null;
        }

        JObject newAuditJObject = JObject.FromObject(new EntityAudit<object?>
        {
            EventType = eventType,
            ActorUserId = userId,
            ActDateTime = DateTime.Now,
            AuditSourceValues = auditSourceValues,
            NewEntity = newEntity
        }, new JsonSerializer
        {
            NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore,
            Formatting = Formatting.None
        });

        auditJArray.Add(newAuditJObject);

        return auditJArray.SerializeToJson(true);
    }
}

public class AuditSaveChangesInterceptor : SaveChangesInterceptor
{
    private readonly IEntityAuditProvider _entityAuditProvider;

    #region Constructor Injections

    public AuditSaveChangesInterceptor(IEntityAuditProvider entityAuditProvider)
    {
        _entityAuditProvider = entityAuditProvider;
    }

    #endregion

    public override InterceptionResult<int> SavingChanges(DbContextEventData eventData, InterceptionResult<int> result)
    {
        ApplyAudits(eventData.Context.ChangeTracker);
        return base.SavingChanges(eventData, result);
    }

    public override ValueTask<InterceptionResult<int>> SavingChangesAsync(DbContextEventData eventData, InterceptionResult<int> result,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken())
    {
        ApplyAudits(eventData.Context.ChangeTracker);
        return base.SavingChangesAsync(eventData, result, cancellationToken);
    }

    private void ApplyAudits(ChangeTracker changeTracker)
    {
        ApplyCreateAudits(changeTracker);
        ApplyUpdateAudits(changeTracker);
        ApplyDeleteAudits(changeTracker);
    }

    private void ApplyCreateAudits(ChangeTracker changeTracker)
    {
        var addedEntries = changeTracker.Entries()
            .Where(x => x.State == EntityState.Added);

        foreach (var addedEntry in addedEntries)
        {
            if (addedEntry.Entity is IBaseEntity entity)
            {              
                entity.Audit = _entityAuditProvider.GetAuditValues(EntityEventType.Create, entity);
            }
        }
    }

    private void ApplyUpdateAudits(ChangeTracker changeTracker)
    {
        var modifiedEntries = changeTracker.Entries()
            .Where(x => x.State == EntityState.Modified);

        foreach (var modifiedEntry in modifiedEntries)
        {
            if (modifiedEntry.Entity is IBaseEntity entity)
            {
                var eventType = entity.IsArchived ? EntityEventType.Delete : EntityEventType.Update; // Maybe Soft Delete
                entity.Audit = _entityAuditProvider.GetAuditValues(eventType, entity, entity.Audit);
            }
        }
    }

    private void ApplyDeleteAudits(ChangeTracker changeTracker)
    {
        var deletedEntries = changeTracker.Entries()
            .Where(x => x.State == EntityState.Deleted);

        foreach (var modifiedEntry in deletedEntries)
        {
            if (modifiedEntry.Entity is IBaseEntity entity)
            {
                entity.Audit = _entityAuditProvider.GetAuditValues(EntityEventType.Delete, entity, entity.Audit);
            }
        }
    }

}

services.AddDbContext<ATADbContext>((serviceProvider, options) =>
{
    options
        .UseSqlServer(...)

    // Interceptors
    var entityAuditProvider = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IEntityAuditProvider>();
    options.AddInterceptors(new AuditSaveChangesInterceptor(entityAuditProvider));

});

[
   {
      "type":"Create",
      "user":1,
      "at":"2020-11-24T23:05:54.2692711+03:30",
      "sources":{
         "hn":"localhost:44398",
         "mn":"DESKTOP-N1GAV2U",
         "rip":"::1",
         "lip":"::1",
         "ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36",
         "an":"Server.Api",
         "av":"1.0.0.0"
      },
      "newValues":{               
         "Name":"Farshad"
      }
   },
   {
      "type":"Update",
      "user":1,
      "at":"2020-11-24T23:06:20.0838188+03:30",
      "sources":{
         "hn":"localhost:44398",
         "mn":"DESKTOP-N1GAV2U",
         "rip":"::1",
         "lip":"::1",
         "ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36",
         "an":"Server.Api",
         "av":"1.0.0.0"
      },
      "newValues":{                 
         "Name":"Edited Farshad"
      }
   },
   {
      "type":"Delete",
      "user":null,
      "at":"2020-11-24T23:06:28.601837+03:30",
      "sources":{
         "hn":"localhost:44398",
         "mn":"DESKTOP-N1GAV2U",
         "rip":"::1",
         "lip":"::1",
         "ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36",
         "an":"Server.Api",
         "av":"1.0.0.0"
      },
      "newValues":null
   }
]

using System.Data.Entity.Core.Metadata.Edm;

public class SoftDeleteAttribute : Attribute
    {
        public string ColumnName { get; set; }
        public SoftDeleteAttribute(string column)
        {
            ColumnName = column;
        }
        public static string GetSoftDeleteColumnName(EdmType type)
        {
            MetadataProperty column = type.MetadataProperties.Where(x => x.Name.EndsWith("customannotation:SoftDeleteColumnName")).SingleOrDefault();
            return column == null ? null : (string)column.Value;
        }
    }

    [SoftDelete("IsDeleted")]
    public class TblUser 
    {        
        [Key]
        public int TblUserID { get; set; }

        [MaxLength(30)]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public bool IsDeleted { get; set; }
    }

 protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            var Conv = new AttributeToTableAnnotationConvention<SoftDeleteAttribute, string>(
                "SoftDeleteColumnName",
                (type, attribute) => attribute.Single().ColumnName);
            modelBuilder.Conventions.Add(Conv);

        }

 <EntityType Name="TblUser" customannotation:SoftDeleteColumnName="IsDeleted">

public class SoftDeleteInterceptor : IDbCommandTreeInterceptor
    {
        public void TreeCreated(DbCommandTreeInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
        {
            if (interceptionContext.OriginalResult.DataSpace == System.Data.Entity.Core.Metadata.Edm.DataSpace.SSpace)
            {
                var QueryCommand = interceptionContext.Result as DbQueryCommandTree;
                if (QueryCommand != null)
                {
                    var newQuery = QueryCommand.Query.Accept(new SoftDeleteQueryVisitor());
                    interceptionContext.Result = new DbQueryCommandTree(QueryCommand.MetadataWorkspace, QueryCommand.DataSpace, newQuery);
                }
            }
       }
}

  public class SoftDeleteQueryVisitor : DefaultExpressionVisitor
    {
        public override DbExpression Visit(DbScanExpression expression)
        {
            var column = SoftDeleteAttribute.GetSoftDeleteColumnName(expression.Target.ElementType);
            if (column!=null)
            {
                var Binding = DbExpressionBuilder.Bind(expression);
                return DbExpressionBuilder.Filter(Binding, DbExpressionBuilder.NotEqual(DbExpressionBuilder.Property(DbExpressionBuilder.Variable(Binding.VariableType, Binding.VariableName), column), DbExpression.FromBoolean(true)));
            }
            else
            {
                return base.Visit(expression);
            }
        }
    }

 public class DbContextConfig : DbConfiguration
    {
        public DbContextConfig()
        {
             AddInterceptor(new SoftDeleteInterceptor());
        }
    }

public sealed class UpperInvariantLookupNormalizer : ILookupNormalizer

public class CustomNormalizer : ILookupNormalizer

 [Display(Name = "نام کاربری")]
public string UserName { get; set; }