namespace CoreIocServices
{
    public interface IMyDisposableService
    {
        void Run();
    }

    public class MyDisposableService : IMyDisposableService, IDisposable
    {
        private readonly ILogger<MyDisposableService> _logger;

        public MyDisposableService(ILogger<MyDisposableService> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(logger));
            _logger.LogInformation("+ {0} was created", this.GetType().Name);
        }

        public void Run()
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Running MyDisposableService!");
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("- {0} was disposed!", this.GetType().Name);
        }
    }
}

namespace CoreIocSample02
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddTransient<IMyDisposableService, MyDisposableService>();

namespace CoreIocSample02.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IMyDisposableService _myDisposableService;

        public HomeController(IMyDisposableService myDisposableService)
        {
            _myDisposableService = myDisposableService;
        }

        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            _myDisposableService.Run();
            return View();
        }

info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ControllerActionInvoker[1]
      Route matched with {action = "Index", controller = "Home"}. Executing action CoreIocSample02.Controllers.HomeController.Index (CoreIocSample02)
info: CoreIocServices.MyDisposableService[0]
      + MyDisposableService was created
.
.
.  
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.EndpointMiddleware[1]
      Executed endpoint 'CoreIocSample02.Controllers.HomeController.Index (CoreIocSample02)'
info: CoreIocServices.MyDisposableService[0]
      - MyDisposableService was disposed!
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost[2]
      Request finished in 1316.4719ms 200 text/html; charset=utf-8

namespace CoreIocSample02
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            app.Use(async (context, next) =>
            {
                var writer = File.CreateText(Path.GetTempFileName());
                context.Response.RegisterForDispose(writer);
                context.Items["filewriter"] = writer;
                await writer.WriteLineAsync("some important information");
                await writer.FlushAsync();
                await next();
            });

namespace CoreIocSample02.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public async Task<IActionResult> WriteLog()
        {
            var writer = HttpContext.Items["filewriter"] as StreamWriter;
            if (writer != null)
            {
                await writer.WriteLineAsync("more important information");
                await writer.FlushAsync();
            }
            return View();
        }

using(var scope = serviceProvider.CreateScope())
{
   var provider = scope.ServiceProvider;
   var resolvedService = provider.GetRequiredService(someType);
   // Use resolvedService...
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, 
                      ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, 
                      IServiceScopeFactory scopeFactory) 
{
   using (var scope = scopeFactory.CreateScope()) 
   { 
     var initializer = scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<IOperationScoped>(); 
     initializer.SeedAsync().Wait(); 
   } 
}

var myDisposableService = serviceProvider.GetService<IMyDisposableService>();
myDisposableService.Run();

var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
ConfigureServices(serviceCollection);
var serviceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection
{
    public sealed class ServiceProvider : IServiceProvider, IDisposable, IServiceProviderEngineCallback
    {
        public void Dispose();
        public object GetService(Type serviceType);
    }
}

namespace CoreIocSample01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
            ConfigureServices(serviceCollection);
            using (var serviceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider())
            {
                var myDisposableService = serviceProvider.GetService<IMyDisposableService>();
                myDisposableService.Run();

                var testService = serviceProvider.GetService<ITestService>();
                testService.Run();
            }
        }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;

namespace EF_General.Models.Ex18
{
    public class UserProfile
    {
        public int UserProfileId { set; get; }
        public string UserName { set; get; }

        [ForeignKey("CartableId")]
        public virtual Cartable Cartable { set; get; } // one-to-zero-or-one
        public int? CartableId { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Doc> Docs { set; get; } // one-to-many
    }

    public class Doc
    {
        public int DocId { set; get; }
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public string Body { set; get; }

        [ForeignKey("UserProfileId")]
        public virtual UserProfile UserProfile { set; get; }
        public int UserProfileId { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Cartable> Cartables { set; get; } // many-to-many
    }

    public class Cartable
    {
        public int CartableId { set; get; }

        [ForeignKey("UserProfileId")]
        public virtual UserProfile UserProfile { set; get; }
        public int UserProfileId { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Doc> Docs { set; get; } // many-to-many
    }

    public class UserProfileMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<UserProfile>
    {
        public UserProfileMap()
        {
            this.HasOptional(x => x.Cartable)
                .WithRequired(x => x.UserProfile)
                .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<UserProfile> UserProfiles { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Doc> Docs { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Cartable> Cartables { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new UserProfileMap());
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void RunTests()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());
            using (var context = new MyContext())
            {
                var user = context.UserProfiles.Find(1);
                if (user != null)
                    Console.WriteLine(user.UserName);
            }
        }
    }
}

Introducing FOREIGN KEY constraint 'FK_DocCartables_Cartables_Cartable_CartableId' 
on table 'DocCartables' may cause cycles or multiple cascade paths. Specify 
ON DELETE NO ACTION or ON UPDATE NO ACTION, or modify other FOREIGN KEY constraints.
Could not create constraint. See previous errors.

public int? UserProfileId { set; get; }

The referential relationship will result in a cyclical reference that is not allowed. [ Constraint name =  ]

public class Startup
{
    // Other code ...
    public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        // ...
        services.AddDbContext<CatalogContext>(options =>
        {
            options.UseSqlServer(Configuration["ConnectionString"],
            sqlServerOptionsAction: sqlOptions =>
            {
                sqlOptions.EnableRetryOnFailure(
                maxRetryCount: 10,
                maxRetryDelay: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30),
                errorNumbersToAdd: null);
            });
        });
    }
//...
}

public static IHost MigrateDbContext<TContext>(this IHost host)  where TContext : DbContext
{
    using (var scope = host.Services.CreateScope())
    {
        var services = scope.ServiceProvider;
        var logger = services.GetRequiredService<ILogger<TContext>>();
        var context = services.GetService<TContext>();

        logger.LogInformation($"Migrating the DB associated with the context {typeof(TContext).Name}");

        var retry = Policy.Handle<Exception>().WaitAndRetry(new[]
            {
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10),
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15),
            });

        retry.Execute(() =>
            {
                context.Database.Migrate();
            });

        logger.LogInformation($"Migrated the DB associated with the context {typeof(TContext).Name}");
    }
    return host;
}

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    CreateHostBuilder(args)
    .Build()
    .MigrateDbContext<AppDbContext>()
    .Run();
}

public static void CreateUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string fieldName)
{
      context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand("CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [IX_Unique_" + tableName 
+ "_" + fieldName + "] ON [" + tableName + "]([" + fieldName + "] ASC);");
}

public class MyDbMigrationsConfiguration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
{
        public BlogDbMigrationsConfiguration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            CreateUniqueIndex(context, "table1", "field1");
            base.Seed(context);
        }
}

using System;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace General
{
    public static class ContextExtensions
    {
        public static string GetTableName<T>(this DbContext context) where T : class
        {
            ObjectContext objectContext = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext;
            return objectContext.GetTableName<T>();
        }

        public static string GetTableName<T>(this ObjectContext context) where T : class
        {
            var sql = context.CreateObjectSet<T>().ToTraceString();
            var regex = new Regex("FROM (?<table>.*) AS");
            var match = regex.Match(sql);
            string table = match.Groups["table"].Value;
            return table
                    .Replace("`", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("[", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("]", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("dbo.", string.Empty)
                    .Trim();
        }

        private static bool hasUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string indexName)
        {
            var sql = "SELECT count(*) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS where table_name = '" 
                      + tableName + "' and CONSTRAINT_NAME = '" + indexName + "'";
            var result = context.Database.SqlQuery<int>(sql).FirstOrDefault();
            return result > 0;
        }

        private static void createUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string fieldName)
        {
            var indexName = "IX_Unique_" + tableName + "_" + fieldName;
            if (hasUniqueIndex(context, tableName, indexName))
                return;

            var sql = "ALTER TABLE [" + tableName + "] ADD CONSTRAINT [" + indexName + "] UNIQUE ([" + fieldName + "])";
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(sql);
        }

        public static void CreateUniqueIndex<TEntity>(this DbContext context, Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> fieldName) where TEntity : class
        {
            var field = ((MemberExpression)fieldName.Body).Member.Name;
            createUniqueIndex(context, context.GetTableName<TEntity>(), field);
        }
    }
}

context.CreateUniqueIndex<User>(x=>x.Name);